scholarly journals Assessment of technical condition and repair of steel structure elements on the example of fire damage in a warehouse building

2019 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Andrzej Ambroziak ◽  
Paweł Piotrkowski ◽  
Tomasz Heizig
Keyword(s):  
Steel Structure ◽  
External Source ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Site Investigations ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Repair Procedure

The paper analyses a case study on the structural assessment of warehouse building partially damaged by fire caused by external source (fire of lorries close to the building). The authors focus on the site investigations and laboratory test results prior to assessing actual condition of the structural elements. Both strengthening concept and repair procedure of a steel column are addressed here. A short literature survey in the paper regards fire damages and its impact on the entire structural systems and its members.

scholarly journals Verification of reference intervals in routine clinical laboratories: practical challenges and recommendations

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yesim Ozarda ◽  
Victoria Higgins ◽  
Khosrow Adeli
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
External Source ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Multicenter Studies ◽  
Clinical Laboratories ◽  
Laboratory Test Results

Abstract Reference intervals (RIs) are fundamental tools used by healthcare and laboratory professionals to interpret patient laboratory test results, ideally enabling differentiation of healthy and unhealthy individuals. Under optimal conditions, a laboratory should perform its own RI study to establish RIs specific for its method and local population. However, the process of developing RIs is often beyond the capabilities of an individual laboratory due to the complex, expensive and time-consuming process to develop them. Therefore, a laboratory can alternatively verify RIs established by an external source. Common RIs can be established by large, multicenter studies and can subsequently be received by local laboratories using various verification procedures. The standard approach to verify RIs recommended by the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) EP28-A3c guideline for routine clinical laboratories is to collect and analyze a minimum of 20 samples from healthy subjects from the local population. Alternatively, “data mining” techniques using large amounts of patient test results can be used to verify RIs, considering both the laboratory method and local population. Although procedures for verifying RIs in the literature and guidelines are clear in theory, gaps remain for the implementation of these procedures in routine clinical laboratories. Pediatric and geriatric age-groups also continue to pose additional challenges in respect of acquiring and verifying RIs. In this article, we review the current guidelines/approaches and challenges to RI verification and provide a practical guide for routine implementation in clinical laboratories.

scholarly journals The Experimental Study of the Utilization of Recycling Aggregate from the Demolition of Elements of a Reinforced Concrete Hall

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 5182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kalinowska-Wichrowska ◽  
David Suescum-Morales
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Concrete Aggregate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Mechanical Recycling ◽  
Control Series ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Additional Control

The article shows a case study as to whether the thermal and mechanical recycling of concrete is suitable for concrete debris from the demolition of structural elements of a 30-year-old industrial hall. The experiment included 10 series of new composites made from heated recycled concrete aggregate (HRCA) subjected to different variants of heat treatment and one additional control series with only natural aggregate (NA). The compressive strength of the new concretes has been determined. The microscopic observations of HRCA have also been made. The test results revealed that proper heat treatment of concrete rubble makes it possible to obtain a high-quality recycled coarse aggregate, which can be used as a 100% replacement for natural coarse aggregates in new concretes.

scholarly journals Geotechnical characterisation and back analysis of a landslide in marl deposit: A case study of Algiers Sahel (coast), Algeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Filali ◽  
A Nechnech ◽  
J de Rosa ◽  
H Gadouri ◽  
B Meziani
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Limit Equilibrium ◽  
Back Analysis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Limit Equilibrium Methods ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Geotechnical Investigations ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Low Shear

The purposeof this study isto present the results of geotechnical investigations and landslide analysis in a marl deposit at the Sahel (coast) of Algiers in northern Algeria, where many landslides take place in the Plaisancian marls, particularly following rainfall periods each year, causing severe damage to infrastructures and buildings. The physico-mechanical characteristics of the soils obtained from three different sites (El-Achour, Daly-Brahim and Ouled-Fayet) were analysed to identify the mechanism of these landslides. In the study, the laboratory test results providing grain-size distribution, Atterberg limits, water content, shear strength, and compressibility were analysed. The findings showed that, although the soils were characterised by slightly higher plasticity at Ouled-Fayet, they were generally homogeneous in the studied sites. The upper soils, generally weathered, exhibited low shear strength parameters, which are lower than the undisturbed formation beneath. The stability analysis based on limit equilibrium methods (LEM) showed the significant influence of pore water pressures on slope stability, suggesting that the weathered soils are prone to instability processes due to the effect of long rainy periods.

Investigating the performance of Superpave through the mechanistic–empirical (M-E) approach, field-evaluated performance, and laboratory test results: a case study on Ontario highways

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 954-961
Author(s):  
Gulfam E. Jannat ◽  
Sina Varamini ◽  
Susan L. Tighe
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Pavement Management ◽  
Test Results ◽  
International Roughness Index ◽  
Pavement Management System ◽  
Evaluation Of Performance ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Analysis System

In North America, highway agencies have started using Superpave as it incorporates a performance-based asphalt binder specification and a mix design analysis system. However, in a pavement management system (PMS), the performance of the pavement structure significantly influences management decisions. In this regard, accurate prediction and evaluation of performance is a very important aspect. With this in mind, this study investigates the performance of Superpave through the mechanistic–empirical (M-E) approach, field-evaluated performance, and laboratory performance tests. It considers 15 sections of highways from Ontario. The investigation found that the international roughness index (IRI) and permanent deformation are overpredicted in the M-E approach compared with field observations. Additionally, to better understand the performance, the dynamic modulus of asphalt mixtures and binder rheological testing are also performed. The master curve developed for the surface mixtures suggests a lower level of fatigue resistance that justifies the bottom-up fatigue failure in the field-observed scenarios.

scholarly journals Kajian Analisis Respon Struktur Bangunan Baja di Bawah Pengaruh Kombinasi Beban Termal (Kebakaran) dan Beban Angin. (Hal. 13-25)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Amatulhay Pribadi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Load ◽  
Stress Ratio ◽  
Steel Structure ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Temperature Load ◽  
Critical Thermal Load ◽  
Steel Properties

ABSTRAKBeban termal yang terjadi pada bangunan dapat mengakibatkan degradasi pada struktur baja dan menyebabkan keruntuhan. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh beban termal disertai beban angin terhadap respon dari struktur bangunan baja lima belas lantai yang berfungsi sebagai perkantoran dengan mempertimbangkan degradasi propertis baja, reduksi beban hidup dan beban mati tambahan, serta kecepatan penanganan pemadaman. Simulasi terbagi menjadi tiga kasus yaitu penanganan pemadaman kebakaran cepat, penanganan pemadaman kebakaran lambat, dan penentuan beban termal kritis. Analisis struktur dilakukan dengan bantuan software ETABS. Hasil simulasi kebakaran menunjukkan semakin tinggi temperatur maka stress ratio dari elemen struktur makin membesar. Pada penentuan beban termal kritis diperoleh bahwa besar beban termal yang dapat menyebabkan minimal satu elemen struktur utama mengalami kegagalan pada umumnya berbeda pada lantai level bawah, tengah, dan atas. Pada studi kasus ini diperoleh beban temperatur kritis paling besar yaitu pada lantai level atas.Kata kunci: beban termal, degradasi propertis baja, kegagalan struktur ABSTRACTThermal load on the building can lead into the degradation of steel structure and cause collapse. This study analyze the effect of thermal along with wind loads on the response of fifteen stories steel structure building which serves as an office by considering the degradation of steel properties, the reduction of live load and super imposed dead load, and the speed of handling the extinguishing. This simulation is divided into three cases which are fast handling of extinguishing, slow handling of extinguishing, and the determination of the critical thermal load. Structural analysis will be done using the ETABS software. The result of fire simulation showed that when the temperature is higher, the stress ratio of structural elements will also expand. In the determination of the critical thermal load, it is obtained that the thermal loads which can cause failure in minimum one major structural element are generally different at the bottom, middle, and top level of stories. In this case study, the highest critical temperature load is on the top level.Keywords: thermal load, steel properties degradation, structure failure

scholarly journals Towards reduction in bias in epidemic curves due to outcome misclassification through Bayesian analysis of time-series of laboratory test results: Case study of COVID-19 in Alberta, Canada and Philadelphia, USA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Burstyn ◽  
Neal D. Goldstein ◽  
Paul Gustafson
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Bias Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Misclassification Errors ◽  
The Impact

The aim of our work was to better understand misclassification errors in identification of true cases of COVID-19 and to study the impact of these errors in epidemic curves. We examined publically available time-series data of laboratory tests for SARS-CoV-2 viral infection, the causal agent for COVID-19, to try to explore, using a Bayesian approach, about the sensitivity and specificity of the PCR-based diagnostic test. Data originated from Alberta, Canada (available on 3/28/2020) and city of Philadelphia, USA (available on 3/31/2020). Our analysis revealed that the data were compatible with near-perfect specificity but it was challenging to gain information about sensitivity (prior and posterior largely overlapped). We applied these insights to uncertainty/bias analysis of epidemic curves into jurisdictions under the assumptions of both improving and degrading sensitivity. If the sensitivity improved from 60 to 95%, the observed and adjusted epidemic curves likely fall within the 95% confidence intervals of the observed counts. However, bias in the shape and peak of the epidemic curves can be pronounced, if sensitivity either degrades or remains poor in the 60-70% range. In the extreme scenario, hundreds of undiagnosed cases, even among tested, are possible, potentially leading to further unchecked contagion should these cases not self-isolate. The best way to better understand bias in the epidemic curves of COVID-19 due to errors in testing is to empirically evaluate misclassification of diagnosis in clinical settings and apply this knowledge to adjustment of epidemic curves, a task for which the Bayesian method we presented is well-suited.

scholarly journals Patient with anemia (clinical case study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Leonid I. Dvoretsky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Clinical Case Study ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Future Direction

For physicians, every new case of anemia is a clinical problem with multiple unknowns. The case of female patient K. aged 40 with clinical and laboratory manifestations of anemia is reported. Pathogenetic variants of anemia have been studied; each variant characterized by specific laboratory test results determines future direction of diagnosis aimed at search for the cause of anemia (nosological diagnosis). Differential diagnosis has been developed.

scholarly journals Towards reduction in bias in epidemic curves due to outcome misclassification through Bayesian analysis of time-series of laboratory test results: Case study of COVID-19 in Alberta, Canada and Philadelphia, USA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Burstyn ◽  
Neal D. Goldstein ◽  
Paul Gustafson
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Bias Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Misclassification Errors ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe aim of our work was to better understand misclassification errors in identification of true cases of COVID-19 and to study the impact of these errors in epidemic curves. We examined publically available time-series data of laboratory tests for SARS-CoV-2 viral infection, the causal agent for COVID-19, to try to explore, using a Bayesian approach, about the sensitivity and specificity of the PCR-based diagnostic test. Data originated from Alberta, Canada (available on 3/28/2020) and city of Philadelphia, USA (available on 3/31/2020). Our analysis revealed that the data were compatible with near-perfect specificity but it was challenging to gain information about sensitivity (prior and posterior largely overlapped). We applied these insights to uncertainty/bias analysis of epidemic curves into jurisdictions under the assumptions of both improving and degrading sensitivity. If the sensitivity improved from 60 to 95%, the observed and adjusted epidemic curves likely fall within the 95% confidence intervals of the observed counts. However, bias in the shape and peak of the epidemic curves can be pronounced, if sensitivity either degrades or remains poor in the 60-70% range. In the extreme scenario, hundreds of undiagnosed cases, even among tested, are possible, potentially leading to further unchecked contagion should these cases not self-isolate. The best way to better understand bias in the epidemic curves of COVID-19 due to errors in testing is to empirically evaluate misclassification of diagnosis in clinical settings and apply this knowledge to adjustment of epidemic curves, a task for which the Bayesian method we presented is well-suited.

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