Life Cycle Assessment of Various Filtering Media for Greywater Treatment Using Greenwall Filtration System

The risk of global water crisis is becoming more evident due to the increase in overall global urban population and reduction of freshwater availability. Treated greywater using greenwall technology was identified as a potential method to produce water for non-potable applications. The filtering media in greenwall technology acts as a growing media for the plants and as a filtration medium. In this study, the pollutant removal efficiency and environmental impacts associated with two filtering medias (coir pith and perlite) were investigated. The coir pith was found to have higher removal efficiencies for both COD and TSS removal compared to perlite. Besides, the life cycle of each filtering media used for greywater treatment in greenwall technology were compared. Coir pith was found to have a higher environmental impact on global warming potential (1.19568 kg CO2 eq.) and freshwater consumption (0.00066295 m3), while perlite was found to have a higher environmental impact in terms of fossil depletion (0.045562 kg oil eq.) and terrestrial ecotoxicity (0.008508135kg 1,4-DB eq). In conclusion, this study provides a framework for in-depth data analysis of the entire life cycle of filter media and a decision-making tool for the selection of suitable filtering media for greenwall filtration system.

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Life Cycle Assessment of LNG Fueled Vessel in Domestic Services

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering ◽

10.3390/jmse7100359 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 359 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hwang ◽

Jeong ◽

Jung ◽

Kim ◽

Zhou

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Environmental Impact ◽

South Korea ◽

Point Of View ◽

Marine Fuel ◽

Pm 2.5 ◽

Fuel Supply ◽

Selection Of

This research was focused on a comparative analysis of using LNG as a marine fuel with a conventional marine gas oil (MGO) from an environmental point of view. A case study was performed using a 50K bulk carrier engaged in domestic services in South Korea. Considering the energy exporting market for South Korea, the fuel supply chain was designed with the two largest suppliers: Middle East (LNG-Qatar/MGO-Saudi Arabia) and U.S. The life cycle of each fuel type was categorized into three stages: Well-to-Tank (WtT), Tank-to-Wake (TtW), and Well-to-Wake (WtW). With the process modelling, the environmental impact of each stage was analyzed based on the five environmental impact categorizes: Global Warming Potential (GWP), Acidification Potential (AP), Photochemical Potential (POCP), Eutrophication Potential (EP) and Particulate Matter (PM). Analysis results reveal that emission levels for the LNG cases are significantly lower than the MGO cases in all potential impact categories. Particularly, Case 1 (LNG import to Korea from Qatar) is identified as the best option as producing the lowest emission levels per 1.0 × 107 MJ of fuel consumption: 977 tonnages of CO2 equivalent (for GWP), 1.76 tonnages of SO2 equivalent (for AP), 1.18 tonnages of N equivalent (for EP), 4.28 tonnages of NMVOC equivalent (for POCP) and 26 kg of PM 2.5 equivalent (for PM). On the other hand, the results also point out that the selection of the fuel supply routes could be an important factor contributing to emission levels since longer distances for freight transportation result in more emissions. It is worth noting that the life cycle assessment can offer us better understanding of holistic emission levels contributed by marine fuels from the cradle to the grave, which are highly believed to remedy the shortcomings of current marine emission indicators.

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Life cycle analysis of mortars and its environmental impact

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-0895-g06-02 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 895 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Antonia Moropoulou ◽

Christopher Koroneos ◽

Maria Karoglou ◽

Eleni Aggelakopoulou ◽

Asterios Bakolas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Environmental Impact ◽

Life Cycle Analysis ◽

Considerable Research ◽

Cement Binder ◽

The Impact ◽

Selection Of ◽

Lca Results

AbstractOver the years considerable research has been conducted on masonry mortars regarding their compatibility with under restoration structures. The environmental dimension of these materials may sometimes be a prohibitive factor in the selection of these materials. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a tool that can be used to assess the environmental impact of the materials. LCA can be a very useful tool in the decision making for the selection of appropriate restoration structural material. In this work, a comparison between traditional type of mortars and modern ones (cement-based) is attempted. Two mortars of traditional type are investigated: with aerial lime binder, with aerial lime and artificial pozzolanic additive and one with cement binder. The LCA results indicate that the traditional types of mortars are more sustainable compared to cementbased mortars. For the impact assessment, the method used is Eco-indicator 95

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Accounting and evaluation of chemical footprint of cotton woven fabrics

Industria Textila ◽

10.35530/it.071.03.1678 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 (03) ◽

pp. 209-214

Author(s):

JIA-HONG QIAN ◽

YU-YING QIU ◽

YI-DUO YANG ◽

YI LI ◽

PING-HUA XU ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Environmental Impact ◽

Environmental Impacts ◽

Woven Fabrics ◽

Ecological System ◽

Woven Fabric ◽

Toxic Substances ◽

Management Efficiency ◽

Selection Of ◽

Textile Products

The major environmental impacts of textile products tend to arise from emissions of toxic substances in the production phase of the life cycle. The theory of chemical footprint (ChF) can be used to study the environmental impact of textile products and leads a new way to quantitatively assess impacts of toxic substances. In this paper, environmental impacts of 1 kg cotton woven fabric were assessed from yarn to finished fabric in terms of its contributions to the ecological system. The results showed that the total ChF in the calculation boundary associated with ecotoxicity was approximately 41526.10 PAF·m3·d. The largest ChF for cotton woven fabric mainly came from weaving process, followed by cultivation and harvesting and fabric processing phases. Sizing agent and all kinds of base potentially created the large ecotoxicity and there are considerable differences in magnitude from other materials’ ecotoxicity. It also revealed that the selection of auxiliaries was more important than that of dyestuffs. ChF does well in drawing more focus on the source of industry pollution and plays an important role in improving management efficiency in assessing and choosing chemicals.

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Life cycle assessment (LCA) refuse derived fuel (RDF) waste in pusat inovasi agro teknologi (PIAT) Universitas Gadjah Mada as alternative waste management for energy

Indonesian Journal of Life Cycle Assessment and Sustainability ◽

10.52394/ijolcas.v2i1.71 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Titi Tiara Anasstasia ◽

Muhammad Mufti Azis ◽

Imam Haryanto ◽

Rio Arya Pratama

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Environmental Impact ◽

Terrestrial Ecotoxicity ◽

Refuse Derived Fuel ◽

Exhaust Gas Emission ◽

Feasible Option ◽

Inorganic Waste ◽

Framework System

Pusat Inovasi Agroteknologi (PIAT) handles institutional waste generated from Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM). Waste from UGM is called Institutional Solid Waste (ISW) reaches 1,427.27 kg / week. In this study, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis was used as a tool to calculate and evaluate the environmental impact of potential ISW conversion to densified Refused Derived Fuel (dRDF) with gate to gate framework system. For simulation, OpenLCA software equipped with Ecoinvent database was used in this work. The results showed that conversion of combustible inorganic waste into densified Refuse Derived Fuel (dRDF) along with conversion of organic waste into compost gave following environmental impacts: global warming potential of 1.3E+00 kg CO2 eq, acidification 3.9E-03kg SO4 eq., eutrophication 7.1E-01 kg P eq., human toxicity 1.2E+00 kg 1.4-dichlorobenzene and terrestrial ecotoxicity 6.1E-02 kg 1.4-dichlorobenzene. By separating combustible from non-combustible inorganic waste may significantly improve the quality of dRDF as well as the quantity of compost. The substitution of coal using dRDF combined with the selling of compost is a feasible option. In addition, our results also showed that installation of exhaust gas emission control could further reduce the environmental impact of dRDF production. An economic evaluation was also conducted to evaluate the scenario of converting ISW into dRDF and compost. This option appeared to be profitable, provided that no restrictions to the processed waste, steady flow of dRDF product to the end-users, and the presence of standard price for dRDF.

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Life Cycle Assessment of Two Alternative Plastics for Bottle Production

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14164552 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (16) ◽

pp. 4552

Author(s):

Patrycja Bałdowska-Witos ◽

Izabela Piasecka ◽

Józef Flizikowski ◽

Andrzej Tomporowski ◽

Adam Idzikowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Environmental Impact ◽

Photochemical Oxidation ◽

Impact Categories ◽

Aquatic Ecotoxicity ◽

Terrestrial Ecotoxicity ◽

Bottle Production ◽

Harmful Effects ◽

Abiotic Depletion

The article characterizes selected issues related to the method of performing environmental impact analyses. Particular attention was paid to the need for identifying environmental effects associated with the process of shaping beverage bottles. This study concerns the analysis of selected stages of the machine’s life cycle environmental impact in the specific case of the blow molding machine used in the production of bottles. Life cycle assessment analysis was performed using the SimaPro 8.4.0 software (The Dutch Company Pre Consultants). The CML 2 and ReCiPe2016 methods were chosen to interpret the lists of chemical emissions. Impact categories specific to the CML 2 model are: abiotic depletion, acidification, eutrophication, global warming, ozone layer depletion, human toxicity, fresh water aquatic ecotoxicity, marine aquatic ecotoxicity, terrestrial ecotoxicity, and photochemical oxidation. Among all the considered impact categories, marine aquatic ecotoxicity was characterized by the highest level of potential harmful effects occurring during the bottle production process. A new aspect of the research is to provide updated and more detailed geographic data on Polish bottle production.

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Life cycle assessment and data envelopment analysis approach for the selection of building components according to their environmental impact efficiency: a case study for external walls

Journal of Cleaner Production ◽

10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.10.073 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 87 ◽

pp. 707-716 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Diego Iribarren ◽

Antonino Marvuglia ◽

Paula Hild ◽

Mélanie Guiton ◽

Emil Popovici ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Data Envelopment Analysis ◽

Environmental Impact ◽

Analysis Approach ◽

Data Envelopment ◽

Building Components ◽

Selection Of

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Excellent environmental performance of beet sugar production in the Netherlands

Sugar Industry ◽

10.36961/si24156 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 161-165

Author(s):

Bertram de Crom ◽

Jasper Scholten ◽

Janjoris van Diepen

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Land Use ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Environmental Impact ◽

Water Consumption ◽

Environmental Performance ◽

Cane Sugar ◽

Sugar Production ◽

Beet Sugar ◽

Glucose Syrup

To get more insight in the environmental performance of the Suiker Unie beet sugar, Blonk Consultants performed a comparative Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) study on beet sugar, cane sugar and glucose syrup. The system boundaries of the sugar life cycle are set from cradle to regional storage at the Dutch market. For this study 8 different scenarios were evaluated. The first scenario is the actual sugar production at Suiker Unie. Scenario 2 until 7 are different cane sugar scenarios (different countries of origin, surplus electricity production and pre-harvest burning of leaves are considered). Scenario 8 concerns the glucose syrup scenario. An important factor in the environmental impact of 1kg of sugar is the sugar yield per ha. Total sugar yield per ha differs from 9t/ha sugar for sugarcane to 15t/ha sugar for sugar beet (in 2017). Main conclusion is that the production of beet sugar at Suiker Unie has in general a lower impact on climate change, fine particulate matter, land use and water consumption, compared to cane sugar production (in Brazil and India) and glucose syrup. The impact of cane sugar production on climate change and water consumption is highly dependent on the country of origin, especially when land use change is taken into account. The environmental impact of sugar production is highly dependent on the co-production of bioenergy, both for beet and cane sugar.

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Packaging environmental impact on seafood supply chains: A review of life cycle assessment studies

Journal of Industrial Ecology ◽

10.1111/jiec.13189 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Cheila Almeida ◽

Philippe Loubet ◽

Tamíris Pacheco da Costa ◽

Paula Quinteiro ◽

Jara Laso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Environmental Impact ◽

Supply Chains

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Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of an Innovative Compact Hybrid Electrical-Thermal Storage System for Residential Buildings in Mediterranean Climate

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13095322 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 5322

Author(s):

Gabriel Zsembinszki ◽

Noelia Llantoy ◽

Valeria Palomba ◽

Andrea Frazzica ◽

Mattia Dallapiccola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Environmental Impact ◽

Mediterranean Climate ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Storage System ◽

Hot Water ◽

Electrical Consumption ◽

The Impact

The buildings sector is one of the least sustainable activities in the world, accounting for around 40% of the total global energy demand. With the aim to reduce the environmental impact of this sector, the use of renewable energy sources coupled with energy storage systems in buildings has been investigated in recent years. Innovative solutions for cooling, heating, and domestic hot water in buildings can contribute to the buildings’ decarbonization by achieving a reduction of building electrical consumption needed to keep comfortable conditions. However, the environmental impact of a new system is not only related to its electrical consumption from the grid, but also to the environmental load produced in the manufacturing and disposal stages of system components. This study investigates the environmental impact of an innovative system proposed for residential buildings in Mediterranean climate through a life cycle assessment. The results show that, due to the complexity of the system, the manufacturing and disposal stages have a high environmental impact, which is not compensated by the reduction of the impact during the operational stage. A parametric study was also performed to investigate the effect of the design of the storage system on the overall system impact.

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