Case study of industrial symbiosis for improved residual material utilisation in the steel industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Lundkvist ◽  
Sara Rosendahl ◽  
Erik Sandberg ◽  
Björn Haase ◽  
Jeanette Stemne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Industrial Symbiosis ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Material Efficiency ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Material Utilisation

Steel production is a material and energy intensive industry which, in addition to steel products, generates residual materials such as metallurgical slag, dust and sludge. These residual materials are recycled and used to a great extent as well in-house as for external purposes. Even so, some materials are currently landfilled due to difficulties in finding use or recycling possibilities. This applies, for example, to zinc-containing sludge and dust from ore-based steel production and certain iron-rich, lime and carbon-containing materials from scrap-based steel production. A case study has been performed with the aim to develop a methodology for evaluating industrial symbiosis possibilities in regard to increased material efficiency in steel production systems. The methodology is based on system analysis of steel production routes in combination with economical assessment of hypothetical business concepts by using residual materials from one industry as secondary raw materials in another. The paper presents case study results and indicates how this methodology could be applied to maximise the residual materials utilisation. By the methodology discussed and with a circular-economic perspective, it is shown that high economic potential for one material could be used to increase the utilisation of other materials with lower economic potential.

scholarly journals Implementing material efficiency in practice: A case study to improve the material utilisation of automotive sheet metal components

2019 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 49-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippa Maia Horton ◽  
Julian M. Allwood ◽  
Christopher Cleaver
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Material Efficiency ◽  
Automotive Sheet ◽  
Material Utilisation

scholarly journals How environment dynamics affects production scheduling: Requirements for development of CPPS models

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 827-834
Author(s):  
Cátia Alves ◽  
Goran Putnik ◽  
Leonilde Varela
Keyword(s):  
Production Scheduling ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Systems Architecture ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Cyber Physical Production Systems ◽  
Scheduling Models

Production scheduling can be affected by many disturbances in the manufacturing system, and consequently, the feasible schedules previously defined became obsolete. Emerging of new technologies associated with Industry 4.0, such as Cyber-Physical Production Systems, as a paradigm of implementation of control and support in decision making, should embed the capacity to simulate different environment scenarios based on the data collected by the manufacturing systems. This paper presents the evaluation of environment dynamics effect on production scheduling, considering three scheduling models and three environment scenarios, through a case study. Results show that environment dynamics affect production schedules, and a very strong or strong positive correlation between environment dynamics scenarios and total completion time with delay, over three scheduling paradigms. Based on these results, the requirement for mandatory inclusion of a module for different environment dynamics scenarios generation and the corresponded simulations, of a Cyber-Physical Production Systems architecture, is confirmed.

scholarly journals Design of systems for integrated processing of dairy raw materials in the cheese industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (11 (111)) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Mykola Yatskov ◽  
Natalia Korchyk ◽  
Volodymyr Besediuk
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Redox Conditions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Integrated Processing

For the functioning of integrated systems for processing dairy raw materials in the cheesemaking industry, it is proposed to consider the basic concepts of synthesis of production systems. In order to implement the concept of waste minimization, it is proposed to separate the industrial wastewater into flows based on the concentration and values of the main parameters, as well as to protect the cheese whey from entering the water treatment facilities and direct it for disposal. The possibilities of implementing the concepts of deep raw materials processing into a target product have been analyzed, as well as the full utilization of raw and auxiliary materials. To this end, an experimental study was performed on the extraction of protein clots and adjusting the buffer capacity of infant dairy products using cheese whey. The study results indicate the insufficient effect of extracting the protein clot from whey (5–50 %) by combining the thermal and chemical processes. It was established that the redox conditions of the medium, in terms of the Eh indicator, can significantly affect the results, in close connection with the pH parameter and the estimated value of rH2. It was found that the optimal conditions for the functioning of lactic acid microflora in the production of soft cheeses can be ensured by adjusting the Eh indicator through the introduction of whey of pH=4.4–4.6 units, Eh≤–0.1 V. Whey is introduced at the stage of dairy raw material fermentation, which creates optimal conditions for the formation of a clot until reaching rH2 in the range from −5 to –7, and increases the product output by 1.5–7 %. The results of the experimental study indicate the high potential of using whey desalinated by ion exchange in order to reduce the buffer capacity in terms of acidity and adjust the redox conditions for infant milk mixtures until achieving rH2=15.5–15.9. The research reported in this paper could be the basis for the further development of systems for the integrated processing of dairy raw materials in the cheesemaking industry

The Design of Rolling Steel Computer Aided Manufacturing System Based on Internet

2014 ◽  
Vol 621 ◽  
pp. 543-548
Author(s):  
Feng Qin Yu ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Feng He Wu
Keyword(s):  
Operations Management ◽  
Manufacturing System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Computer Aided Manufacturing ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Enterprise Competitiveness

The production of rolling steel is a complicated process which includes management of production operations and production process. The former includes costs accounting, procurement plan of raw materials and auxiliary materials and quality control. The latter includes devices, technology and production rhythm of iron making, steel making, casting and rolling. Nowadays, the departments of these two have adopted the computer managing system to improve the efficiency of management. But the concept of collective design of CIMS is not considered thus the computer control system and operations management computer system are isolated. Furthermore, resources are not shared and information is not integrated among the systems thus enterprise competitiveness decreases. This paper designs the rolling steel computer aided manufacturing system based on internet and introduces the three levels system structure of CIMS technology strategy as well as the key technology. This study is of great significance not only in the integration of rolling steel production systems and the sharing information, but also in upgrading the steel enterprises, reducing costs and increasing enterprise competitiveness.

Fuzzy Multi-Objective Approach for Designing of Biomass Supply Chain for Polygeneration With Triple Footprint Constraints

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Ubando ◽  
K. B. Aviso ◽  
A. B. Culaba ◽  
D. K. S. Ng ◽  
R. R. Tan
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Industrial Case Study ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Product Demand ◽  
Demand Scenario ◽  
Energy Products

Polygeneration systems produce multiple energy products (i.e. electricity, heat, cooling), and other biochemical products (biofuels and syngas). Such systems offer a sustainable approach in meeting the ever-growing demand of energy, while reducing its environmental impact. The optimal design of such systems should consider the design of the supply-chain in producing the targeted energy products to reduce the resource consumption and waste generation and to maximize its economic potential. One of the important considerations in designing such a system is whether to out-source its raw materials or to produce them in-house. The criteria for such decision strategies are assessed through economics, product demand, and environmental impact. One holistic way to measure the environmental impact of such system is to consider the triple footprint: carbon, water, and land. The objective of this work is to maximize the economic potential while maintaining the footprints at acceptable levels and simultaneously meeting product demands. In this study, an adoption of fuzzy multi-objective approach is presented wherein the economic potential is introduced as a constraint. Moreover, predefined fuzzy trapezoidal-shaped limits for the product demand constraints are used which mimics the probabilistic demand scenario for each of the product streams. Lastly, the triple footprint constrains is utilized to assess the environmental impact of the polygeneration. The technique is demonstrated using a modified industrial case study of a polygeneration system.

On the industrial symbiosis of alumina and iron/steel production: Suitability of ferroalumina as raw material in iron and steel making

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2199190
Author(s):  
Spiros Karamoutsos ◽  
Theofani Tzevelekou ◽  
Angeliki Christogerou ◽  
Eleni Grilla ◽  
Antonios Gypakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Graphite Crucible ◽  
Filter Press ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Industrial Symbiosis

The biggest challenge for our society, in order to foster the sustainable circular economy, is the efficient recycling of wastes from industrial, commercial, domestic and other streams. The transition to a circular economy is the goal of the European Commission’s Circular Economy Action, which was first launched in 2015. In 2020 the above action plan announced initiatives along the entire life cycle of the product, with the aim to make sustainable products the norm in the EU. Therefore, it is anticipated that the above action will result in an increase in Europe’s economic competitiveness, sustainability, resource efficiency and resource security. Within this context, the suitability of ferroalumina as a raw material in the blast furnace is investigated. Ferroalumina is the product of the high-pressure filter press dewatering process of the Greek red mud generated during the production of alumina by means of the Bayer cycle. Ferroalumina is a low-cost raw material and its possible charging in the blast furnace and/or steelmaking aggregates is a step towards industrial symbiosis, where the wastes, namely by-products, of an industry or an industrial process, become the raw materials for another. In the present work the effect of ferroalumina addition as a raw material was examined by smelting ferroalumina, blast furnace-slag, lime and scrap at 1550°C in a graphite crucible and a constant slag basicity. The increase of the alumina content in the slag improves the desulfurization capacity. Moreover, the silicon exchange between slag and metal was examined. The results indicate that the alkalis’ capacity of the slag increases with the addition of ferroalumina. The analysis of the finally obtained slag suggests that it could be suitable for utilization in slag-cement production.

Cost Reduction of Raw Materials in a Steel Factory with Implementation of Mix Problem (A Case Study)

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 2178-2183
Author(s):  
Hamid Reza Moheghi ◽  
Hamid Mashhadi Moghadam ◽  
Sara Motevali
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cost Minimization ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Production Company ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Material cost decrease is an important issue for industrial factories. Operations Research is considered as a proper means for this purpose. A steel production company as a case study is presented in this paper. The combination of raw material is important in steel production. In the company raw materials are mixed experimentally without attention to cost minimization. After considering the process of steel production, a mix model is determined as a proper model for lowering the cost of production in the company. At first, we study the mix problem. Then, we deal with the quantities of the model parameters as well as a mathematical modeling based on the proper constraints. Finally, the solution to the mathematical model is created by a software .The model solution shows that the proposed optimal solution leads to cost minimization significantly.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Evaluation Approach for Energy System Modelling Software—Case Study Results for the Open Energy Modelling Framework (Oemof)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Hilpert ◽  
Cord Kaldemeyer ◽  
Frauke Wiese ◽  
Guido Plessmann
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
System Modelling ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Modelling Framework ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Energy Modelling

The research field of energy system analysis is dealing with increasingly complex energy systems and their respective challenges. Moreover, the requirement for open science has become a focal point of public interest. Both drivers have triggered the development of a broad range of (open) energy models and frameworks in recent years. However, there are hardly any approaches on how to evaluate these tools in terms of their capabilities to tackle energy system modelling challenges. This paper describes a first step towards a flexible evaluation of software to model energy systems. We propose a qualitative approach as an useful supplementary to existing model fact sheets and transparency checklists. We demonstrate the applicability by evaluating the newly developed “Open Energy Modelling Framework” with respect to existing challenges in energy system modelling. The case study results highlight that challenges related to complexity and scientific standards can be tackled to a large extent while the challenges of model utilization and interdisciplinary modelling are only tackled partially. However, the challenge of uncertainty remains for the most part unaddressed at present. Advantages of the evaluation approach lie in its simplicity, flexibility and transferability to other tools. Disadvantages mostly stem from its qualitative nature. Our analysis reveals that some challenges in the field of energy system modelling cannot be addressed by a software as they are on meta level like model result communication and interdisciplinary modelling.

STRATEGI MENINGKATKAN LOYALITAS KONSUMEN MAKANAN KHAS KOTA CURUP KABUPATEN REJANG LEBONG

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onsardi Onsardi
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Consumer Loyalty ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Typical Food ◽  
Internal And External Factors

The title of this study is the Strategy of Increasing Consumer Food Loyalty in CurupCity, Rejang Lebong Regency (Case Study in "Henvian" Typical Food Industry). Thisresearch is based on the importance of strategies in increasing business and consumerloyalty to products sold.Strategies to increase business and consumer loyalty can bedone with a SWOT analysis. Place of this research is the "Henvian" shop that sellstypical Rejang lebong food. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative.Informants in this study were people who were considered to know for certain about theHENVIAN Specialty Food Store in Curup City, Rejang Lebong Regency. The dataanalysis technique used in this study is a SWOT analysis to determine the strengths,weaknesses, opportunities and threats in a typical Rejang Lebong food business.By using SWOT analysis techniques that consist of strengths (weakness), weaknesses(weakness), opportunities (opportnity) and threats (threath). The results of this studycan be concluded that the internal factors that are the strength of the marketing strategyare the quality of the product that is good at a price affordable to the public andtourists, service that is friendly and responsive to consumer needs, as well astechnological advancements that facilitate the promotion of business. Internal factorsthat are a weakness are often lack of stock, there are some products that do not meet thestandard packaging, the product shelf life is short, employees do not use uniforms.External factors that become opportunities are a fairly high economic community,abundant raw materials while external factors that are a threat are the manycompetitors, an unstable economy, the price of basic needs increases. Based on theresults of the SWOT analysis of internal and external factors, the strategy used is toimprove product quality by improving the appearance of packaging and quality ofcontent and quality of service by providing uniforms to employees and providingstandards of service to consumers. .Keywords: Strategy, Consumer Loyalty, SWOT

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