scholarly journals Insect bite of the lip with secondary impetiginization: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Timothé Debré ◽  
Loubna El Mansouf ◽  
Laila Meyaz ◽  
Saida Moussaceb ◽  
Alp Alantar
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
General Health ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Bacteriological Examination ◽  
Good General Health ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

Introduction: Impetiginization is defined as a surinfection of Staphylococcus aureus on a preexistent dermatosis: Observation: A 19-year-old patient in good general health was admitted to general emergency and then hospitalized in internal medicine for an abscess of the labial commissure. The anamnesis revealed a 24 hours old insect bite. An abscess of the labial commissure of 20 mm in diameter with a necrotic surroundings and associated induration was observed. After 3 days of antibiotic i.v (amoxicillin + clavulanic acid), the patient went home. By 14 days, healing was complete. Bacteriological examination detected numerous staphylococcus aureus (SA) that were sensitive to meticillin. Discussion: SA by their pathogenicity are responsible for many infections, potentially serious. For several decades, mainly in hospitals, SA have acquired resistance to penicillins A and G. Infections considered as banal could evolve into very serious necrotic infections. Conclusion: This case is unusual because of its localization and its quick evolution on a young adult. It underlines the importance of early bacteriological sampling before the introduction of probabilistic antibiotherapy in order to anticipate extremely serious necrotic infections that may lead to aesthetic and functional sequelae.

Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid Induced Cholestatic Hepatitis: a Case Report

Drug Safety ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 911-1010
Author(s):  
H. Ghozzi ◽  
B. Hammami ◽  
H. Affes ◽  
S. Hammami ◽  
L. Ayedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Cholestatic Hepatitis ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

scholarly journals Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid-induced pancreatitis: case report

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Chams ◽  
Skye El Sayegh ◽  
Mulham Hamdon ◽  
Sarwan Kumar ◽  
Vesna Tegeltija
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

scholarly journals Novel Antibiotic Combinations of Diverse Subclasses for Effective Suppression of Extensively Drug-Resistant Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Shumyila Nasir ◽  
Muhammad Sufyan Vohra ◽  
Danish Gul ◽  
Umm E Swaiba ◽  
Maira Aleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Combination Antibiotics ◽  
Time Kill

The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), the chief etiological agent for a range of refractory infections, has rendered all β-lactams ineffective against it. The treatment process is further complicated with the development of resistance to glycopeptides, primary antibiotics for treatment of MRSA. Antibiotic combination therapy with existing antimicrobial agents may provide an immediate treatment option. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 18 different commercially available antibiotics were determined along with their 90 possible pairwise combinations and 64 triple combinations to filter out 5 best combinations. Time-Kill kinetics of these combinations were then analyzed to find collateral bactericidal combinations which were then tested on other randomly selected MRSA isolates. Among the top 5 combinations including levofloxacin-ceftazidime; amoxicillin/clavulanic acid-tobramycin; amoxicillin/clavulanic acid-cephradine; amoxicillin/clavulanic acid-ofloxacin; and piperacillin/tazobactam-tobramycin, three combinations were found to be collaterally effective. Levofloxacin-ceftazidime acted synergistically in 80% of the tested clinical MRSA isolates. First-line β-lactams of lower generations can be used effectively against MRSA infection when used in combination. Antibiotics other than glycopeptides may still work in combination.

Multidrug-resistant pathogens isolated from ready-to-eat salads available at a local market in Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 118 (8) ◽  
pp. 2068-2075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Ilyas ◽  
Muhammad Usman Qamar ◽  
Muhammad Hidayat Rasool ◽  
Nazia Abdulhaq ◽  
Zeeshan Nawaz
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
National Level ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Pathogens

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of pathogens present in ready-to-eat salads available at a local market. Design/methodology/approach – A 100 salad samples were collected aseptically. Each sample (25 g) was homogenized in 225 ml of sterile peptone water and was serially diluted up to 1×106. Dilutions were inoculated on nutrient agar by surface spread plate technique. Aerobic colony count (ACC) was estimated by counting the colonies. Bacterial isolates were cultured on blood and MacConkey agar and identified on the basis of their morphology, culture characteristics and confirmed by API 20E and 20NE. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined as per CLSI 2014. Findings – ACC range was 1.1×103 cfu/g to 5.8×109 cfu/g. Among these the highest ACC was found in channa chat (4.9×104 to 5.8×109 cfu/g). A total of 127 microorganisms were identified; 73 were gram negative rods (GNRs) and 24 were gram positive cocci (GPC). Among GNRs; Klebsiella spp. (n=18) was the predominant whereas among GPC, Staphylococcus aureus (n=6) were the chief pathogen. Klebsiella spp. showed 100 percent resistance to ampicillin, 89-78 percent to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and 33 percent to imipenem, however, Enterobacter spp. were resistant to ampicillin (100 percent) amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (77 percent) and imipenem (23 percent). Staphylococcus aureus showed resistance to co-amoxiclav (83 percent) and penicillin (75 percent). Practical implications – This study revealed that effective control measures must been implemented and respected by throughout the entire food chain and better surveillance studies should be performed at national level to reduce the spread of bacteria by fresh salads. Originality/value – This paper explore the high prevalence of multidrug-resistant pathogens in different salads and most of the salads were found to be unhygienic for consumption.

scholarly journals Intravitreal Therapy of Endogenous Endophthalmitis due to Urosepsis – A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 277-282
Author(s):  
Jela Valášková ◽  
Jana Sitárová ◽  
Vladimír Krásnik
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Endogenous Endophthalmitis ◽  
Intravitreal Therapy ◽  
Microbiological Examination ◽  
Antimycotic Agent

This case report describes a case of endogenous endophthalmitis in a 58 year old man upon a background of urosepsis and bronchitis. The patient was hospitalised at a department of internal medicine in another hospital. The day after admittance he was sent to our clinic for a consultation examination due to worsening of vision and pain in the left eye. The condition was diagnosed as endogenous endophthalmitis. Visual acuity at the first examination was hand movement in front of the eye. Intravitreal therapy was commenced with a combination of two antibiotics (ceftazidime 2 mg/ 0.1 ml and vancomycin 1 mg/0.1 ml) and an antimycotic agent (amphotericin B 10 μg/0.1 ml). Over the course of two weeks the patient received this antibiotic treatment intravitreally 3x in total. During the first application of antibiotics, material was sampled from the anterior chamber of the eye for a microbiological examination – the result was negative. The blood culture tested positive for staphylococcus aureus. Intravenous application of antibiotics (gentamicin 240 mg i.v. every 24 hours and amoxicillin with clavulanic acid 1.2 g i.v. every 8 hours) was set for two weeks, and then antibiotic treatment continued (ciprofloxacin 500 mg every 12 hours) and antimycotic therapy (itraconazole 100 mg every 12 hours) orally for 2 months. Four weeks after the beginning of therapy, visual acuity in the left eye was 20/100 and after two months 20/40. The study emphasises the advantage of multi-disciplinary co-operation.

scholarly journals Antibiomania: a case report of clarithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid induced manic episodes separately

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith Paula Meszaros ◽  
Catheline Stancu ◽  
Alessandra Costanza ◽  
Marie Besson ◽  
François Sarasin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Manic Episode ◽  
Psychiatric Symptomatology ◽  
Acid Therapy ◽  
Clinical Reminder ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Psychiatric Side Effects

Abstract Background Antibiomania is a rare but recognized side effect with yet unclear definite pathogenesis although multiple hypotheses have been proposed. The novelty of this case is the suspected pharmacodynamic drug-drug interaction between clarithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Case presentation We present the occurrence of a brief manic episode concerning a 50-year-old man with no psychiatric history, first started on amoxicillin-clavulanic acid therapy and then switched to clarithromycin for left basal pneumonia. Shortly after the antibiotic prescription, he presented psychiatric symptomatology (logorrhea, elevated mood, irritability, increase in physical activity and delusions). The antibiotic was stopped and the patient received lorazepam (2.5 mg p.o.) to treat psychomotor agitation. Approximately 12 h after clarithromycin cessation, amelioration was already observed, supporting the diagnosis of a clarithromycin-induced manic episode. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid was then reintroduced because of the pneumonia and psychiatric symptoms reemerged. This second antibiotic was also stopped, and 1 week later, the patient was symptom-free. Conclusion The emergence of psychiatric side effects related to antibiotherapy, which is a common treatment, can greatly impact a patient’s quality of life. Early recognition and intervention could substantially influence the administered medical care and recovery. Moreover, given the widespread use of antibiotics including in combination, we thought our case report might be clinically useful as a clinical reminder relevant to the use of antibiotic combinations.

scholarly journals STUDY OF ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE AND SENSITIVITY PATTERN IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 161-168
Author(s):  
Sailajapriyadarsini Parlapalli ◽  
◽  
V.V Padmavathy ◽  
Gunapati Rama Mohan Reddy ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

Introduction: Antibiotics are helpful in bacterial infection control and management. Irrational antibiotic use leads to resistance, which puts modern medicines achievements at risk. This study aims to know antibiotic resistance and sensitivity patterns and to assess possible factors that favor the development of antibiotic resistance. Methods: It is a retrospective observational study. Data collected from June 2019 to May 2020 from the culture & sensitivity records of various clinical isolates at the Microbiology department of SMC, Vijayawada, and analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results: Total samples collected 2905. Only746 samples showed significant growth. Most commonly, isolated organisms were from Pus and Body fluids Staphylococcus aureus (31.16%), Klebsiella (23.02%), from blood samples Staphylococcus aureus (44%,) Klebsiella (32%), from urine samples Escherichia coli (27.31%),Staphylococcus aureus (16.66%). Bacteria isolated from, Blood and Pus & body fluid samples showed more resistance to Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid, 60% &58.60%, and urine samples showed more resistance to Norfloxacin69.44%. Conclusion: In this study, bacteria isolated from, blood, pus, and body fluid samples showed more resistance to Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid, from urine samples showed more resistance to Norfloxacin. Parenterally used drugs like aminoglycosides and vancomycin have retained their sensitivity but bacteria also showed resistance to Imipenem, Vancomycin, new combinations like Cefoperazone + Sulbactam. A culture & sensitivity test and following antibiotic stewardship guidelines before prescribing antibiotics will give good results to prevent antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penggunaan Antibiotika Terhadap Lama Hari Sakit dan Lama Kehilangan Hari Kerja pada Pasien Infeksi Pernapasan Akut Bagian Atas pada Pelayanan Kesehatan Primer

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Gunawan Gunawan ◽  
Suhendro Suwarto ◽  
Cleopas Martin Rumende ◽  
Kuntjoro Harimurti
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Virus Influenza

Pendahuluan. Prevalensi infeksi saluran pernapasan bagian atas akut (ISPA) di komunitas masih tinggi dan menyebabkan morbiditas dan penurunan kualitas hidup masyarakat secara luas. Etiologi tersering dari infeksi pernapasan akut di luar negeri adalah virus, selain itu terdapat etiologi bakteri yang memerlukan terapi antibiotika yang spesifik. Penggunaan antibiotika untuk infeksi pernapasan akut berlebihan, dan hal ini menyebabkan peningkatan resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola etiologi infeksi pernapasan akut, kesesuaian pemberian antibiotika dan perbedaan rerata lama sakit dan lama kehilangan hari kerja.Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pengambilan data secara potong lintang dan kohort prospektif dengan sampel yang diambil secara berurutan dari pasien ISPA yang berobat ke Puskesmas Kecamatan Pulogadung, Jakarta Timur dan KDK “Kayu Putih” serta “Kiara” pada bulan Agustus hingga Desember 2011. Pada 100 pasien ISPA yang berobat dilakukan pemeriksaan kultur resistensi bakteri dan uji antigen influenza melalui swab tenggorok dan nasofaring, dan pemeriksaan darah perifer rutin. Perbedaan lama hari sakit dan lama kehilangan hari kerja dianalisa menggunakan uji beda dua median Mann Whitney karena data berdistribusi bukan normal.Hasil. Hasil kultur bakteri positif pada 34% pasien ISPA, hasil uji antigen influenza positif untuk influenza A pada 3% pasien, dan 63 % pasien belum diketahui penyebabnya. Hasil kultur bakteri terbanyak berturut-turut adalah Klebsiella pneumonia (47,1%), Streptococcus pyogenes (14,7%) dan Staphylococcus aureus (14,7%). Jenis antibiotika terbanyak yang mengalami resistensi adalah ampicillin (20 isolat), tetracycline (8 isolat), benzylpenicillin (4 isolat), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (3 isolat). Kesesuaian pemberian antibiotika dengan hasil kultur bakteri ditemukan pada 56 pasien ISPA (56%). Median lama hari sakit pada kelompok pasien ISPA yang mendapatkan pengobatan antibiotika tidak berbeda dibandingkan dengan tanpa pengobatan antibiotika (4 hari dengan 3,5 hari; p=0,054). Median lama kehilangan hari kerja pada kelompok pasien ISPA yang mendapatkan pengobatan antibiotika tidak berbeda dibandingkan dengan tanpa pengobatan antibiotika (1 hari dengan 1 hari; p=0,629)Simpulan. Penyebab infeksi saluran pernapasan akut bagian atas pada penelitian ini adalah bakteri sebanyak 34% dengan bakteri Gram negatif terbanyak adalah Klebsiella pneumonia dengan antibiotika yang sensitif dengan antibiotika golongan Penicillin beta laktamase dan golongan aminoglikosida serta makrolid, virus influenza A sebanyak 3% dan etiologi yang belum diketahui sebanyak 63%. Proporsi kesesuaian penggunaan antibiotika di Puskesmas Kecamatan Pulogadung dan Klinik Kedokteran Keluarga Kayu Putih serta Kiara sebesar 56%. Pemberian antibiotika tidak memberikan perbedaan lama hari sakit dan lama kehilangan hari kerja. 

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