scholarly journals Problems of Studying Regional Toponymicon in Linguistic Ecology Aspect

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 01069
Author(s):  
Dmitry Ilyin ◽  
Elena Sidorova
Keyword(s):  
Social Situation ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Primary Task ◽  
Language Practice ◽  
Language System ◽  
Language Environment

This article studies linguistic ecology parameters for describing a regional toponymic system, which are related to intra- and extralinguistic factors including morphological derivation adaptation, local aspects and specifics of residents’ life. The notion of name uniqueness within a region is introduced. Attention is paid to linguistically toxic names of inhabited localities: multicomponent names and names contradictory to the current social situation. The authors conclude that it is essential to find a balance between the language system and the language practice and the primary task of studying regional toponymicon in linguistic ecology aspect is to find means and methods protecting geographical names from the negative influence of both language environment and irresponsible actions of language speakers nominating a geographical object.

scholarly journals The ethical dilemmas of research with children from the countries of the Global South. Whose participation?

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-65
Author(s):  
Urszula Markowska-Manista
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Global South ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Childhood Studies ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Research With Children ◽  
Methodological Approaches

AbstractThe article outlines issues in the area of childhood studies and children’s rights that concern the participation of children and adolescents from the countries of the Global South in participatory research. The article presents the ethical aspects and methodo­logical dilemmas of such research, pertaining to engaging children and adolescents in research conducted by adults. Other issues addressed in the text refer to the child’s right to respect, the subjective treatment of children and adolescents (as respondents) as well as the limits of participatory involvement of children in the research process. The article also discusses the ethical dilemmas of research whose methodological approaches and concepts were designed in a different, distinct socio-cultural con­text and can interfere in the life and functioning of the community it is conducted in, including a negative influence on children’s social situation in the future.

scholarly journals The current state of the German island dialects in the Lower Volga region

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 00042
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Frolova ◽  
Irena V. Aleshchanova ◽  
Marina R. Zheltukhina
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
German Language ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Language System ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Language Environment

This study is devoted to the fate of the German language island dialects in foreign language environment. The authors has explored the nature of the changes, the degree of dialectal features loss, indicate the possibility of developing new features. The sub dialects as elements of the language system were found to continue existing even outside the native language range. The peculiarities of language systems existence in extreme conflict conditions like those of the German dialects on the Volga region territory are of particular research interest, as they are influenced not only by the native language system, but also by another foreign language and culture. Language relations are determined not simply by coexistence of the two language systems, the German and Russian ones, and bilingualism of the majority of the German ethnic group representatives, but by the complex specificity of language processes in the past and even more complicated, specific current language situation, which determined the relevance of the article theme. n.

scholarly journals Methodological impulses of Ján Horecký

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-156
Author(s):  
Juraj Dolník
Keyword(s):  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Intentional State ◽  
Language Practice ◽  
Language System ◽  
Linguistic Awareness ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractThe author of the study develops the ideas of J. Horecký, which relate to the language sign, the language system, language consciousness and its cultivation. Interpretations of J. Horecký’s statements on the systemic and communicative language sign lead to the conclusion that there is really only a communication sign as an ambivalent significant for users of the language who control the rules of its use. Significant are articulation‐acoustic units, which we feel as fictitious equivalents of what we experience when we are in the intentional state. J. Horecký’s reflections on the language system led the author to confront the user of the language as an actor of language practice with the user realizing himself as a reflexive linguistic being. In this confrontation, the language system came into focus in a practical and reflexive modality. On the background of these modalities of the language system, the author approaches linguistic consciousness in the interpretation of J. Horecký, in order to shed light on it in terms of two questions: (1) What is the degree of linguistic awareness of the mother tongue? (2) What is the “true” cultivation of language consciousness? These questions led the author to confront the linguistic realist with the anti‐realist and to discover a situation in which the linguist believes in realism but holds the position of anti‐realist. The author leans towards the realists and emphasizes the thesis that the representation of the language system is true when it corresponds to the language system resulting from the nature of language.

scholarly journals CHILD COMPREHENSION OF ADULTS’ VERBAL INPUT: A CASE OF BILINGUAL ACQUISITION IN INFANCY

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Putu Sri Adnyani ◽  
Ni Luh Sutjiati Beratha ◽  
I Nyoman Suparwa
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
German Language ◽  
Language System ◽  
Production Stage ◽  
Proper Nouns ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
The Family ◽  
Language Environment ◽  
Short Utterances ◽  
Regular Contact

Research concerning comprehension in early simultaneous bilingualism is still very limited. Thus, this study focuses on describing a bilingual infant’s comprehension of adults’ verbal input addressed to the child in an Indonesian-German language environment, and the child’s understanding of translation equivalents (TEs). The child, who was exposed to Indonesian and German simultaneously from birth, was observed from age 0;9 to age 1;3 using a diary supplemented with weekly video recordings. A “one parent-one language” system was applied in which the child received Indonesian language from the mother and German language from the father from birth. Since the family live in Indonesia and have regular contact to the collective family members, the child received dominant exposure in Indonesian compared to German. The data was transcribed and analysed using ELAN. The results show that the adults’ verbal inputs in the form of speech addressed to the child were in the form of short utterances which very often had a high-pitched sound and were rich in repetition. The adults’ speech was able to be discriminated by the child. In the pre-production stage, the child could understand approximately 6 (six) proper nouns, 18 (eighteen) Indonesian words and 14 (fourteen) German words. The result reveals that the child could comprehend more words in Indonesian than in German. It was also found that the child could understand some bilingual synonyms, which implies that at the pre-production stage, the child already went through a process of bilingual development.

Language processing is not a race against time

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giosuè Baggio ◽  
Carmelo M. Vicario
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Memory Systems ◽  
Language System ◽  
Moderating Factors

AbstractWe agree with Christiansen & Chater (C&C) that language processing and acquisition are tightly constrained by the limits of sensory and memory systems. However, the human brain supports a range of cognitive functions that mitigate the effects of information processing bottlenecks. The language system is partly organised around these moderating factors, not just around restrictions on storage and computation.

Multilinguistic Components of Spelling: An Overview

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 124-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Barber
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Model ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Language System ◽  
Adequate Information ◽  
Intervention Plan ◽  
Semantic Awareness

Spelling is a window into a student's individual language system and, therefore, canprovide clues into the student's understanding, use, and integration of underlyinglinguistic skills. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) should be involved in improvingstudents' literacy skills, including spelling, though frequently available measures ofspelling do not provide adequate information regarding critical underlying linguistic skillsthat contribute to spelling. This paper outlines a multilinguistic, integrated model of wordstudy (Masterson & Apel, 2007) that highlights the important influences of phonemicawareness, orthographic pattern awareness, semantic awareness, morphologicalawareness and mental graphemic representations on spelling. An SLP can analyze anindividual's misspellings to identify impairments in specific linguistic components andthen develop an individualized, appropriate intervention plan tailored to a child's uniquelinguistic profile, thus maximizing intervention success.

The Need to Belong and the Relationship Between Loneliness and Health

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 194-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freda-Marie Hartung ◽  
Britta Renner
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Health State ◽  
Need To Belong ◽  
First Year University ◽  
Perceived Social Isolation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Humans are social animals; consequently, a lack of social ties affects individuals’ health negatively. However, the desire to belong differs between individuals, raising the question of whether individual differences in the need to belong moderate the impact of perceived social isolation on health. In the present study, 77 first-year university students rated their loneliness and health every 6 weeks for 18 weeks. Individual differences in the need to belong were found to moderate the relationship between loneliness and current health state. Specifically, lonely students with a high need to belong reported more days of illness than those with a low need to belong. In contrast, the strength of the need to belong had no effect on students who did not feel lonely. Thus, people who have a strong need to belong appear to suffer from loneliness and become ill more often, whereas people with a weak need to belong appear to stand loneliness better and are comparatively healthy. The study implies that social isolation does not impact all individuals identically; instead, the fit between the social situation and an individual’s need appears to be crucial for an individual’s functioning.

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