The Nottingham Staphylococcus aureus population study: prevalence of MRSA among the elderly in a university hospital

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of dementia subtypes and to assess the socio-demographic data of patients attending the outpatient clinic of dementia at Hospital das Clínicas from January 2008 to December 2009, in the city of Goiânia-GO, Brazil. METHODS: Procedures provided for diagnosis included physical and neurological examination, laboratory tests, neuroimaging and DSM-IV. The functional capacity and level of cognitive deficit were assessed by Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire (Pfeffer-FAQ) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), respectively. RESULTS: Eighty patients met the criteria for dementia. The mean age was 63.48 (± 16.85) years old, the schooling was 3.30 (± 3.59) years old, the MMSE was 13.89 (± 7.79) and Pfeffer 17.73 (± 9.76). The Vascular Dementia (VD; 17.5%) was the most frequent cause of dementia, followed by Lewy body dementia (LBD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) (12.25%). CONCLUSION: Considering entire sample and only the elderly over 60 years, VD, AD and LBD are the most common subtypes observed at both groups. Further epidemiological studies are necessary to confirm such rates, which may have a considerable impact on the organization and planning of healthcare services in our country.

Download Full-text

Frequency of dementia among elderly admitted to a Geriatrics Inpatients Sector of a Brazilian public hospital

Dementia & Neuropsychologia ◽

10.1590/1980-57642018dn12-010005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 35-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rafael Thomazi ◽

Liciana Vaz de Arruda Silveira ◽

Paulo José Fortes Villas Boas ◽

Alessandro Ferrari Jacinto

Keyword(s):

Univariate Analysis ◽

The Elderly ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

University Hospital ◽

Chi Square ◽

Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽

Elderly Inpatients ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Student’S T ◽

Clinical Conditions

ABSTRACT Patients with dementia are commonly admitted to inpatient sectors. The aim of this study was to describe the frequency of dementia among elderly inpatients admitted to the Geriatrics Sector of a Brazilian Tertiary University Hospital, and to identify associations between dementia and clinical and sociodemographic factors. Methods: All patients admitted to the Geriatrics Sector of a public Brazilian university-hospital from March 1st 2014 to January 31st 2015 were assessed by geriatricians. The patients were divided into groups "with or without diagnosis of dementia". Univariate analysis was performed between these two groups using the Chi-Square Test, Student's t-test or the Mann-Whitney Test. Results: One hundred and three elderly inpatients, with a mean age of 82 (±7.9) years, were assessed. Overall, 74.7% had low educational level (<4 years), 66% used polypharmacy, 57.2% developed delirium during hospitalization and 59% were totally dependent for basic activities of daily living. The diagnosis of dementia was observed in 59 (57%) subjects. Conclusion: The frequency of dementia was high among the elderly inpatients evaluated. The association between dementia and certain clinical conditions, such as incontinence, delirium and use of psychoactive drugs, was in line with the medical literature.

Download Full-text

Prevalence and risk factors for Staphylococcus aureus in health care workers at a University Hospital of Recife-PE

The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1590/s1413-86702008000600012 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 504-508 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Eduardo Caetano Brandão Ferreira da Silva ◽

Maria das Graças C. Antas ◽

Armando Monteiro B. Neto ◽

Marcelle Aquino Rabelo ◽

Fábio Lopes de Melo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Health Care ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

University Hospital ◽

Care Workers

Download Full-text

Effects of certain disinfectants and antibiotics on biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus isolated from medical devices at the University Hospital Center of Sidi Bel Abbes, Algeria

African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology ◽

10.4314/ajcem.v21i4.6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 304-310

Author(s):

I. Kara Terki ◽

H. Hassaine ◽

A. Kara Terki ◽

B. Nadira ◽

N. Kara Terki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Medical Devices ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

University Hospital ◽

Centre Hospitalier ◽

Treatment And Prevention ◽

Centre Hospitalier Universitaire ◽

Dispositif Médical ◽

The University ◽

Hospital Center

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the species of bacteria most frequently isolated from medical devices. The ability to produce biofilm is an important step in the pathogenesis of these staphylococci infection, and biofilm formation is strongly dependent on environmental conditions as well as antibiotics and disinfectants used in the treatment and prevention of infections.Methodology: In this study, 28 S. aureus isolated from medical devices at the University Hospital Center of Sidi Bel Abbes in Northwestern Algeria were tested for biofilm formation by culture on Red Congo Agar (RCA). The tube method (TM) and tissue culture plate (TCP) techniques were also used to investigate the effect of penicillin, ethanol and betadine on pre-formed biofilm.Results: Nineteen S. aureus isolates produced biofilm on the RCA and 7 produced biofilms by the tube method, 2 of which were high producer. In addition, 9 S. aureus isolates produced biofilm on polystyrene micro-plates, and in the presence of penicillin and ethanol, this number increased to 19 and 11 biofilm producing S. aureus isolates respectively. On the other hand, no biofilm was formed in the presence of betadine.Conclusion: It is important to test for biofilm formation following an imposed external constraint such as disinfectants and antibiotics in order to develop new strategies to combat bacterial biofilms but also to better control their formation. Keywords : Staphylococcus aureus, biofilm, medical device, disinfectant, antibiotic French Title: Effets de certains désinfectants et antibiotiques sur la formation de biofilms par Staphylococcus aureus isolé à partir de dispositifs médicaux au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sidi Bel Abbès, Algérie Contexte: Staphylococcus aureus est l'une des espèces de bactéries les plus fréquemment isolées des dispositifs médicaux. La capacité de produire du biofilm est une étape importante dans la pathogenèse de ces infections à staphylocoques, et la formation de biofilm dépend fortement des conditions environnementales ainsi que des antibiotiques et des désinfectants utilisés dans le traitement et la prévention des infections. Méthodologie: Dans cette étude, 28 S. aureus isolés à partir de dispositifs médicaux au Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sidi Bel Abbès dans le nord-ouest de l'Algérie ont été testés pour la formation de biofilm par culture sur gélose rouge du Congo (RCA). La méthode des tubes (TM) et les techniques de plaques de culture tissulaire (TCP) ont également été utilisées pour étudier l'effet de la pénicilline, de l'éthanol et de la bétadine sur le biofilm préformé. Résultats: Dix-neuf isolats de S. aureus ont produit un biofilm sur le RCA et 7 ont produit des biofilms par la méthode des tubes, dont 2 étaient très productifs. De plus, 9 isolats de S. aureus ont produit du biofilm sur des microplaques en polystyrène, et en présence de pénicilline et d'éthanol, ce nombre est passé à 19 et 11 isolats de S. aureus producteurs de biofilm respectivement. En revanche, aucun biofilm ne s'est formé en présence de bétadine. Conclusion: Il est important de tester la formation de biofilm suite à une contrainte externe imposée comme les désinfectants et les antibiotiques afin de développer de nouvelles stratégies pour lutter contre les biofilms bactériens mais aussi pour mieux contrôler leur formation. Mots-clés: Staphylococcus aureus, biofilm, dispositif médical, désinfectant, antibiotique

Download Full-text

Dissemination of Two Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clones Exhibiting Negative Staphylase Reactions in Intensive Care Units

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.37.3.504-509.1999 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 504-509 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Po-Ren Hsueh ◽

Lee-Jene Teng ◽

Pan-Chyr Yang ◽

Hui-Ju Pan ◽

Yu-Chi Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Intensive Care Units ◽

Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

Cellular Fatty Acid ◽

University Hospital ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Type Iv ◽

Routine Identification ◽

Arbitrarily Primed Pcr

From December 1997 to March 1998, 25 methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates exhibiting negative Staphylase (Oxoid Ltd., Basingstoke, England) reactions were identified from various clinical specimens from 13 patients in six intensive care units (ICUs) or in wards following a stay in an ICU at the National Taiwan University Hospital. The characteristics of these isolates have not been previously noted in other MRSA isolates from this hospital. Colonies of all these isolates were grown on Trypticase soy agar supplemented with 5% sheep blood and were nonhemolytic and unpigmented. Seven isolates, initially reported as Staphylococcus haemolyticus (5 isolates) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (2 isolates) by the routine identification scheme and with the Vitek GPI system (bioMerieux Vitek, Inc., Hazelwood, Mo.), were subsequently identified as S. aureus by positive tube coagulase tests, standard biochemical reactions, and characteristic cellular fatty acid chromatograms. The antibiotypes obtained by the E test, coagulase types, restriction fragment length polymorphism profiles of the staphylococcal coagulase gene, and random amplified polymorphic DNA patterns generated by arbitrarily primed PCR of the isolates disclosed that two major clones disseminated in the ICUs. Clone 1 (16 isolates) was resistant to clindamycin and was susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) and was coagulase type II. Clone 2 (eight isolates) was resistant to clindamycin and TMP-SMZ and was coagulase type IV. These two epidemic clones from ICUs are unique and underline the need for caution in identifying MRSA strains with colonial morphologies not of the typical type and with negative Staphylase reactions.

Download Full-text

Comfort needs as perceived by hospitalized elders: an analysis under the light of Kolcaba’s theory

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0501 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (suppl 3) ◽

Author(s):

Sanni Moraes de Oliveira ◽

Kátia Neyla de Freitas Macêdo Costa ◽

Kamyla Félix Oliveira dos Santos ◽

Jacira dos Santos Oliveira ◽

Maria Auxiliadora Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Nursing Care ◽

Daily Life ◽

Symptom Relief ◽

The Elderly ◽

University Hospital ◽

Daily Life Activities ◽

Physical Context ◽

Thematic Units

ABSTRACT Objective: To reveal the Comfort needs as perceived by hospitalized elders, using Kolcaba’s theory. Methods: Descriptive and qualitative study, with 11 elders hospitalized in a university hospital, aiming to identify their needs for Comfort. Results: Discourses were categorized in four thematic units: Physical, Environmental, Sociocultural, and Psychospiritual. In the Physical context, several subcategories were found, namely, Symptom Relief; Daily Life Activities; Hygiene and personal care; Diet; Sleep and rest. In the Environmental context, the Comfort was considered to be superior than in the elders’ home; in the Sociocultural one, family bonds were found to become more distant, triggering feelings of missing one’s family and isolation, in the Psychospiritual context, spirituality and religiosity stood out. Final considerations: The Comfort needs of the hospitalized elders enable one to reflect on nursing care, offering information to improve the quality of assistance and to attend to the real needs of the elderly.

Download Full-text

Age-related mortality in 61,993 confirmed COVID-19 cases over three epidemic waves in Aragon, Spain. Implications for vaccination programmes

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0261061 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. e0261061

Author(s):

Diego Casas-Deza ◽

Vanesa Bernal-Monterde ◽

Angel Nicolás Aranda-Alonso ◽

Enrique Montil-Miguel ◽

Ana Belen Julián-Gomara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Case Fatality ◽

The Elderly ◽

Progressive Increase ◽

University Hospital ◽

Rapid Progression ◽

Targeted Prevention ◽

Older Individuals ◽

Prevention Measures ◽

Age Related

Background Risk for severe COVID-19 increases with age. Different vaccination strategies are currently being considered, including those aimed at slowing down transmission and those aimed at providing direct protection to those most at risk. Methods The objectives of the current study were i) to assess age-related incidence and survival between PCR-diagnosed COVID-19 cases (n = 61,993) in the Autonomous Community of Aragon from March to November 2020, and ii) to characterize age differences regarding the course of the disease in hospitalized patients in a tertiary university hospital. Results We found a similar incidence of COVID-19 in individuals between 10 and 79 years. Incidence increased in those over 80 years possibly because of the elevated transmission within the nursing homes. We observed a profound disparity among age groups; case fatality rates (CFRs) were near 0 in cases younger than 39 years throughout different waves. In contrast, there was an age-dependent and progressive increase in the CFRs, especially during the first pandemic wave. SARS-CoV-2 infection caused a more severe and rapid progression in older patients. The elderly required faster hospitalization, presented more serious symptoms on admission, and had a worse clinical course. Hospitalized older individuals, even without comorbidities, had an increased mortality risk directly associated with their age. Lastly, the existence of comorbidities dramatically increased the CFRs in the elderly, especially in males. Conclusion The elevated incidence of COVID-19 and the vulnerability of the elderly call for their prioritization in vaccination and targeted prevention measures specifically focused on this aged population.

Download Full-text