Effects of Nordic Hamstring Exercise on Hamstring Injuries in High School Soccer Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (03) ◽  
pp. 154-160
Author(s):  
Yuki Hasebe ◽  
Kiyokazu Akasaka ◽  
Takahiro Otsudo ◽  
Yomei Tachibana ◽  
Toby Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Hamstring Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hamstring Injuries ◽  
Exercise Compliance

AbstractWe evaluated a range of physical characteristics related to hamstring injuries, as well as the Nordic Hamstring Exercise compliance rate, and whether this influenced the rate hamstring injury. Subjects comprised 259 male soccer players from seven high schools randomly clustered into two groups, a Nordic Hamstring Exercise group and a control group. Training and match time were logged, as well as details of hamstring injury, and subsequent time lost to hamstring injury recorded over a period of 27 weeks. The Nordic Hamstring Exercise compliance rate, injury rate per 10000 playing hours and time-lost-to-sport-injury rate were calculated. The relative risk and hamstring injury severity were also calculated. The hamstring injury rate was 1.04/10 000 h in the control group and 0.88/10 000 h in the intervention group. The relative risk for hamstring injury was 1.14. The time-lost to injury rate was 1116.3/10 000 h in the control group and 113.7/10 000 h in the intervention group; with relative risk 9.81. The Nordic Hamstring Exercise in high school soccer players significantly reduced hamstring injury severity compared to a control intervention. Our results indicate that the time-lost to injury rate should be taken into account when analyzing the severity of hamstring injury.

Preventive Effect of Eccentric Training on Acute Hamstring Injuries in Men’s Soccer

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 2296-2303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesper Petersen ◽  
Kristian Thorborg ◽  
Michael Bachmann Nielsen ◽  
Esben Budtz-Jørgensen ◽  
Per Hölmich
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Hamstring Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eccentric Training ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Hamstring Injuries ◽  
Recurrent Injury

Background: The incidence of acute hamstring injuries is high in several sports, including the different forms of football. Purpose: The authors investigated the preventive effect of eccentric strengthening of the hamstring muscles using the Nordic hamstring exercise compared with no additional hamstring exercise on the rate of acute hamstring injuries in male soccer players. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: Fifty Danish male professional and amateur soccer teams (942 players) were allocated to an intervention group (461 players) or a control group (481 players). Players in the intervention group conducted a 10-week progressive eccentric training program followed by a weekly seasonal program, whereas players in the control group followed their usual training program. The main outcome measures were numbers of overall, new, and recurrent acute hamstring injuries during 1 full soccer season. Results: Fifty-two acute hamstring injuries in the control group compared with 15 injuries in the intervention group were registered. Comparing intervention versus the control group, overall acute hamstring injury rates per 100 player seasons were 3.8 versus 13.1 (adjusted rate ratio [RR], 0.293; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.150-0.572; P < .001). New injury rates per 100 player seasons were 3.1 versus 8.1 (RR, 0.410; 95% CI, 0.180-0.933; P = .034), whereas recurrent injury rates per 100 player seasons were 7.1 versus 45.8 (RR, 0.137; 95% CI, 0.037-0.509; P = .003). Number needed to treat [NNT] to prevent 1 acute hamstring injury (new or recurrent) is 13 (95% CI, 9-23) players. The NNT to prevent 1 new injury is 25 (95% CI, 15-72) players, and NNT to prevent 1 recurrent injury is 3 (95% CI, 2-6) players. Conclusion: In male professional and amateur soccer players, additional eccentric hamstring exercise decreased the rate of overall, new, and recurrent acute hamstring injuries.

Intramuscular Corticosteroid Injection for Hamstring Injuries

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
William N. Levine ◽  
John A. Bergfeld ◽  
William Tessendorf ◽  
Claude T. Moorman
Keyword(s):  
Injury Severity ◽  
National Football League ◽  
Corticosteroid Injection ◽  
Hamstring Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Grading System ◽  
Hamstring Injuries ◽  
Incomplete Healing ◽  
Practice Time

The purpose of this study was to assess the safety of intramuscular corticosteroid injection in selected, severe hamstring injuries in professional football players. Clinicians have been reluctant to use corticosteroid injections in or around muscle-tendon units because of concern of incomplete healing or rupture. We retrospectively reviewed the computer database of one National Football League team for all hamstring injuries requiring treatment between January 1985 and January 1998. We found that 431 players had suffered such injury. We developed a clinical grading system to identify hamstring injury severity and to stratify players for treatment. Fifty-eight players (13%) sustained severe, discrete injuries with a palpable defect within the substance of the muscle and were treated with intramuscular injection of corticosteroid and anesthetic. There were no complications related to the injection of corticosteroid. Only nine players (16%) missed any games as a result of their injury. Final examination revealed no strength deficits, normal muscle bulk and tone, and the ability to generate normal power. We believe that the grading system we developed can assist in selection of injury type for injection. Although lack of a control group limits statements of efficacy of injection, our impression is that intramuscular corticosteroid injection hastens players’ return to full play and lessens the game and practice time they miss.

scholarly journals The prevalence of non-contact muscle injuries of the lower limb in professional soccer players who perform Salah regularly: a retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduard Bezuglov ◽  
Oleg Talibov ◽  
Mikhail Butovskiy ◽  
Anastasiya Lyubushkina ◽  
Vladimir Khaitin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Hamstring Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Exposure Group ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Hamstring Injuries ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background The present study assessed the prevalence of non-contact muscle injuries of the lower limbs, including hamstring injuries, in professional Russian soccer players who regularly perform Salah, an obligatory Muslim prayer performed 5 times a day. Methods Using a retrospective cohort study design, 68 professional male soccer players (excluding goalkeepers), 34 of whom were Muslims regularly performing Salah (exposure group) and 34 were randomly chosen non-Muslim players (control group), were included in the study. The groups were similar in their playing leagues, field positions, age (27 ± 3.1 vs 28 ± 4.2 years), and body mass index (22 ± 1.2 vs 23 ± 0.92 kg/m2). Results The incidence of hamstring injury was significantly lower in the exposure group (2 vs 14, p = 0.0085). A declining trend for the number of muscle injuries (either hamstring or not) was observed in the exposure group (11 vs 27, p = 0.0562). Two players in the exposure group and 11 in the control group (p = 0.0115, OR 0.1307, 95% CI 0.0276 to 0.5698) suffered a hamstring injury, with no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of other injuries. The total amount of the training and play days missed because of hamstring and other muscle injuries was significantly lower in the exposure group (24 vs 213 days, p = 0.0043, and 200 vs 344 days, p = 0.0066, respectively). Conclusion The prevalence of non-contact muscle injuries, including hamstring injuries, was lower in professional Russian soccer players who regularly performed Salah.

scholarly journals Proprioceptive Training for the Prevention of Ankle Sprains: An Evidence-Based Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 1065-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Rivera ◽  
Zachary K. Winkelmann ◽  
Cameron J. Powden ◽  
Kenneth E. Games
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Ankle Sprain ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Athletic Population ◽  
Proprioceptive Training ◽  
History Of

Reference:  Schiftan GS, Ross LA, Hahne AJ. The effectiveness of proprioceptive training in preventing ankle sprains in sporting populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sci Med Sport. 2015;18(3):238–244. Clinical Question:  Does the use of proprioceptive training as a sole intervention decrease the incidence of initial or recurrent ankle sprains in the athletic population? Data Sources:  The authors completed a comprehensive literature search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) from inception to October 2013. The reference lists of all identified articles were manually screened to obtain additional studies. The following key words were used. Phase 1 population terms were sport*, athlet*, and a combination of the two. Phase 2 intervention terms were propriocept*, balance, neuromusc* adj5 train*, and combinations thereof. Phase 3 condition terms were ankle adj5 sprain*, sprain* adj5 ankle, and combinations thereof. Study Selection:  Studies were included according to the following criteria: (1) the design was a moderate- to high-level randomized controlled trial (&gt;4/10 on the PEDro scale), (2) the participants were physically active (regardless of previous ankle injury), (3) the intervention group received proprioceptive training only, compared with a control group that received no proprioceptive training, and (4) the rate of ankle sprains was reported as a main outcome. Search results were limited to the English language. No restrictions were placed on publication dates. Data Extraction:  Two authors independently reviewed the studies for eligibility. The quality of the pertinent articles was assessed using the PEDro scale, and data were extracted to calculate the relative risk. Data extracted were number of participants, intervention, frequency, duration, follow-up period, and injury rate. Main Results:  Of the initial 345 studies screened, 7 were included in this review for a total of 3726 participants. Three analyses were conducted for proprioceptive training used (1) to prevent ankle sprains regardless of history (n = 3654), (2) to prevent recurrent ankle sprains (n = 1542), or (3) as the primary preventive measure for those without a history of ankle sprain (n = 946). Regardless of a history of ankle sprain, participants had a reduction in ankle-sprain rates (relative risk [RR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.55, 0.77; numbers needed to treat [NNT] = 17, 95% CI = 11, 33). For individuals with a history of ankle sprains, proprioceptive training demonstrated a reduction in repeat ankle sprains (RR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.51, 0.81; NNT = 13, 95% CI = 7, 100). Proprioceptive training as a primary preventive measure demonstrated significant results (RR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.34, 0.97; NNT = 33, 95% CI = 16, 1000). Conclusions:  Proprioceptive training programs were effective in reducing the incidence rates of ankle sprains in the athletic population, including those with and those without a history of ankle sprains.

scholarly journals Potential prognostic factors for hamstring muscle injury in elite male soccer players: A prospective study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241127
Author(s):  
Ismet Shalaj ◽  
Masar Gjaka ◽  
Norbert Bachl ◽  
Barbara Wessner ◽  
Harald Tschan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Hamstring Injury ◽  
Isokinetic Strength ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Functional Tests ◽  
Hamstring Injuries ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Hamstring injuries remain the most common injury type across many professional sports. Despite a variety of intervention strategies, its incidence in soccer players playing in the UEFA Champions League has increased by 4% per year over the last decade. Test batteries trying to identify potential risk factors have produced inconclusive results. The purpose of the current study was to prospectively record hamstring injuries, to investigate the incidence and characteristics of the injuries, and to identify possible risk factors in elite male soccer players, playing in the Kosovo national premier league. A total of 143 soccer players from 11 teams in Kosovo were recruited. To identify possible prevalent musculoskeletal or medical conditions a widespread health and fitness assessment was performed including isokinetic strength testing, Nordic hamstring strength test, functional tests, and a comprehensive anamnesis surveying previous hamstring injuries. On average 27.9% of the players sustained at least one hamstring injury with three players suffering bilateral strains with the re-injury rate being 23%. Injured players were significantly older and heavier and had a higher body mass index compared to non-injured ones (p < 0.05). There was a lower passing rate in the Nordic hamstring strength test and a higher injury incidence among the previously injured players compared to non-injured ones (p < 0.05). Except for hamstring/quadriceps ratio and relative torque at 60°/sec (p < 0.05) for dominant and non-dominant leg, there were no other significant differences in isokinetic strength regardless of the angular velocity. No differences were observed for functional tests between cohorts. Regression analysis revealed that age, Nordic hamstring strength test, previous injury history, and isokinetic concentric torque at 240°/sec could determine hamstring injuries by 25.9%, with no other significant predicting risk factors. The battery of laboratory and field-based tests performed during preseason to determine performance related skills showed limited diagnostic conclusiveness, making it difficult to detect players at risk for future hamstring injuries.

scholarly journals Feasibility Study of an Educational Intervention to Improve Water Intake in Adolescent Soccer Players: A Two-Arm, Non-Randomized Controlled Cluster Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1339
Author(s):  
Rubén Martín-Payo ◽  
María del Mar Fernández-Álvarez ◽  
Edurne Zabaleta-del-Olmo ◽  
Rebeca García-García ◽  
Xana González-Méndez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Cluster Trial ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Ad Libitum

This study aimed to assess the feasibility of an educational intervention on hydration behavior in adolescent soccer players. A pilot study of a two-arm, non-randomized controlled cluster trial was conducted. A total of 316 players aged 13–16 agreed to participate. The response variables were the players’ participation in the intervention, their perception of the knowledge acquired, the usefulness and the overall assessment of the intervention. Hydration patterns and acquisition of knowledge on hydration behavior were also assessed. The intervention involved two elements: posters and a web app. A total of 259 adolescents completed the study (intervention group (IG) = 131; control group (CG) = 128). 80.6% of the players responded to the survey assessing the feasibility of the intervention. The mean number of correct answers regarding behavior was significantly higher in the IG (3.54; SD = 1.162) than in the CG (2.64; SD = 1.174) (p < 0.001). The water consumption pattern at all the clubs was ad libitum. Of the players, 10% did not drink any water at all during the game. In conclusion, this intervention has been shown to be feasible for implementation with adolescent soccer players. It suggests that hydration guidelines should be informed by personal factors and that ad libitum water consumption should be avoided.

scholarly journals Using a Personal-Disclosure Mutual-Sharing Approach to Deliver a Team-Based Mindfulness Meditation Program to Enhance Cohesion

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Piotr A. Piasecki ◽  
Todd M. Loughead ◽  
Kyle F. Paradis ◽  
Krista J. Munroe-Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Mindfulness Meditation ◽  
Team Building ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Task Cohesion ◽  
Viable Approach ◽  
Building Program ◽  
Personal Disclosure

In an effort to increase perceptions of cohesion among intercollegiate soccer players, a team-based mindfulness meditation program was undertaken. This team-building program was delivered by using a personal-disclosure mutual-sharing approach. A total of 31 female intercollegiate soccer players from two teams participated. Assigned to the intervention condition was a Canadian intercollegiate team (U Sports), while the control condition was an American intercollegiate team (NCAA, Division II). The participants completed a measure of cohesion (Group Environment Questionnaire) pre- and postintervention. Controlling for the preintervention scores, the 8-week team-based mindfulness meditation program resulted in significantly higher perceptions of social cohesion for the intervention group compared with the control group at postintervention. However, there were no significant differences in task cohesion between the intervention and control groups at postintervention. Using personal disclosure, mutual sharing seems a viable approach by which to deliver a team-based mindfulness meditation program to enhance a team’s social cohesion.

One Shot—No Hit? Evaluation of a Stress-Prevention Workshop for Adolescent Soccer Players in a Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-142
Author(s):  
Johanna Belz ◽  
Jens Kleinert ◽  
Moritz Anderten
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stress Coping ◽  
Quality Of Results ◽  
Stress Prevention

Adolescent soccer players experience many stressors and negative stress-related outcomes. Short-term stress-prevention programs are frequently implemented in youth sports, although there is limited evidence of their usefulness and effectiveness. Thus, the present study evaluated the usefulness and effectiveness of a stress-prevention workshop for adolescent soccer players. Ninety-two soccer players (age: M = 15.5 years, SD = 1.43; 31.5% female) were randomly allocated to either an intervention group or an intervention control group. To evaluate effectiveness, stress, coping, and depression were assessed at baseline (t1) and 4 weeks postworkshop (t2). To investigate usefulness, the perceived quality of results was assessed at t2. No intervention effects on stress, coping, and depression emerged, but both groups exhibited high values regarding perceived quality of results. Although one workshop might not be enough to modify stress-related parameters, it may be useful for adolescent soccer players and pave the way for long-term interventions.

No Relationship Between Hamstring Flexibility and Hamstring Injuries in Male Amateur Soccer Players: A Prospective Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell C.M. van Doormaal ◽  
Nick van der Horst ◽  
Frank J.G. Backx ◽  
Dirk-Wouter Smits ◽  
Bionka M.A. Huisstede
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Hamstring Injury ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Hamstring Injuries ◽  
Hamstring Flexibility ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Background: In soccer, although hamstring flexibility is thought to play a major role in preventing hamstring injuries, the relationship between hamstring flexibility and hamstring injuries remains unclear. Purpose: To investigate the relationship between hamstring flexibility and hamstring injuries in male amateur soccer players. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: This study included 450 male first-class amateur soccer players (mean age, 24.5 years). Hamstring flexibility was measured by performing the sit-and-reach test (SRT). The relationship between hamstring flexibility and the occurrence of hamstring injuries in the following year, while adjusting for the possible confounding effects of age and previous hamstring injuries, was determined with a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Of the 450 soccer players, 21.8% reported a hamstring injury in the previous year. The mean (±SD) baseline score for the SRT was 21.2 ± 9.2 cm. During the 1-year follow-up period, 23 participants (5.1%) suffered a hamstring injury. In the multivariate analysis, while adjusting for age and previous injuries, no significant relationship was found between hamstring flexibility and hamstring injuries ( P = .493). Conclusion: In this group of soccer players, hamstring flexibility (measured with the SRT) was not related to hamstring injuries. Age and previous hamstring injuries as possible confounders did not appear to influence this relationship. Other etiological factors need to be examined to further elucidate the mechanism of hamstring injuries.

scholarly journals Health education improves referral compliance of persons with probable Diabetic Retinopathy: A randomized controlled trial

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242047
Author(s):  
Zara Khair ◽  
Md Moshiur Rahman ◽  
Kana Kazawa ◽  
Yasmin Jahan ◽  
Abu S. G. Faruque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Referral Compliance

Objective Lack of awareness about Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is the most commonly cited reason why many persons with type 2 diabetes are non-compliant with referral instruction to undergo retinal screening. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a culturally, geographically and socially appropriate, locally adapted five-month-long health education on referral compliance of participants. Method A prospective randomized, open-label parallel group study was conducted on persons with type 2 diabetes who underwent basic eye screening at a diabetes hospital between September 2017 and August 2018. Participants who were noncompliant with referral instruction to visit a hospital for advanced DR management were randomly divided into health education intervention group (n = 143) and control group (n = 156). Both groups received information regarding DR and referral instruction at the diabetes hospital. The intervention group was provided personalized education followed by telephonic reminders. The primary endpoint was ‘increase in referral compliance’ and the secondary endpoint was ‘increase in knowledge of DR’. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify significant predictors of compliance to referral. Results A total of nine participants dropped and 290 completed the post intervention survey. The compliance rate in intervention group was found to be significantly higher than the control group (64.3% vs 28.2%; OR 4.73; 95% CI 2.87–7.79; p<0.001). Participants in the intervention group acquired better knowledge on DR (p<0.05). Apart from intervention, referral compliance rate was also found to be significantly associated with participants’ self-perception of vision problem (OR 2.02; 95% CI 1.02–4.01; p = 0.045) and participants’ income (OR 1.24; 95% CI 1.06–1.44; p = 0.008). Discussion Our results suggest that intensive health education on DR should be integrated with diabetes education as it may result in significantly improved referral compliance. Outcomes may be sustainable if interventions are institutionalized at referral point. Trial registration Clinical Trials.gov (Registration # NCT03658980); https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03658980.

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