scholarly journals Efficacy of Myofunctional Therapy Associated with Voice Therapy in the Rehabilitation of Neurogenic Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: a pilot study

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (03) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Fraga ◽  
Sheila Almeida ◽  
Márcia Santana ◽  
Mauriceia Cassol
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Swallowing Rehabilitation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vocal Exercises ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Post Therapy

Introduction Dysphagia causes changes in the laryngeal and stomatognathic structures; however, the use of vocal exercises is poorly described. Objective To verify whether the therapy consisting of myofunctional exercises associated with vocal exercises is more effective in rehabilitating deglutition in stroke patients. Methods This is a pilot study made up of two distinct groups: a control group, which performed only myofunctional exercises, and an experimental group, which performed myofunctional and vocal exercises. The assessment used for oral intake was the functional oral intake scale (FOIS). Results The FOIS levels reveal that the pre-therapy median of the experimental group was 4, and increased to 7 after therapy, while in the control group the values were 5 and 6 respectively. Thus, the experimental group had a statistically significant difference between the pre- and post-therapy assessments (p = 0.039), which indicates that the combination of myofunctional and vocal exercises was more effective in improving the oral intake levels than the myofunctional exercises alone (p = 0.059). On the other hand, the control group also improved, albeit at a lower rate compared with the experimental group; hence, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups post-therapy (p = 0.126). Conclusion This pilot study showed indications that using vocal exercises in swallowing rehabilitation in stroke patients was able to yield a greater increase in the oral intake levels. Nevertheless, further controlled blind clinical trials with larger samples are required to confirm such evidence, as this study points to the feasibility of conducting this type of research.

scholarly journals Effects of Cervical Spine Mobilization on Respiratory Function and Cervical Angles of Stroke Patients: A Pilot Study

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 377
Author(s):  
Ho Jung An ◽  
Shin Jun Park
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

The forward head posture (FHP) of stroke patients has a negative impact on respiratory function. Cervical spine mobilization is a manual therapy technique that used to prevent and treat FHP and respiratory function. This pilot study investigated whether cervical spine mobilization can effectively improve outcomes following FHP and respiratory function of stroke patients. Twenty-four patients participated in our assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial. All the participants received neurodevelopmental treatments (gait training and trunk rehabilitation). The experimental group additionally received 15-min sessions of cervical spine mobilization three times per week for 4 weeks. The control group received cervical spine sham mobilization during the same period. For the cervical angles, the cranial vertebral angle (CVA) and cranial rotation angle (CRA) were measured. A respiratory function test was performed to measure the forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), and chest circumferences (upper and lower chest sizes). Except for MIP, there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group. The CVA and CRA were significantly increased in the experimental group only. Cervical spine mobilization improved cervical angles and inspiratory function of the stroke patients in this study. However, a comparative study with a larger number of patients is needed to confirm this finding from our pilot study, which had a small sample size.

scholarly journals Effect of proprioceptive sensation and feedback required for motor learning on function, activity, and daily life behavior of patients after nerve injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-481
Author(s):  
Jung-Ho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mirror Therapy ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Proprioceptive Sensation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Upper Extremity Function ◽  
Function Activity ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of modified mirror therapy and taping therapy for providing feedback on upper extremity function, activity, and daily activities of stroke patients. Methods: This study was conducted with 20 stroke patients and randomly assigned 10 subjects to the experimental group and 10 to the control group. In the experimental group, after proprioceptive neuromuscular stimulation treatment, the mirror therapy program was implemented. In the control group, upper extremity taping was performed before proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation treatment. In this study, a prior evaluation using JTT, FIM, and MAL was performed before intervention to evaluate the patient's function and daily life behavior. Post-tests were performed after the last treatment. Results: In the paired-sample T-test used for within-group comparison of JTTs, FIM, and MAL, there was a significant difference between pre- and post-test for all groups. But there was no statistically significant difference between experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 in an independent t-test conducted to compare the effect sizes of treatments. Conclusion: In other words, by applying mirror therapy and taping therapy that can increase proprioceptive sensation and feedback information in stroke patients, upper extremity function and daily activities can be increased.

scholarly journals Effects of virtual reality-based treadmill training on the balance and gait ability in patients after stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-102
Author(s):  
Maruša Kržišnik ◽  
Barbara Horvat Rauter ◽  
Nataša Bizovčar
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Treadmill Training ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Lateral Asymmetry ◽  
Subacute Stroke ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Gait and balance impairments contribute significantly to long-term disability after stroke. Modern concepts of stroke rehabilitation recommend a task-specific repetitive approach, such as using treadmill training. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of using virtual reality-based treadmill training to improve balance and gait in subacute stroke patients. Twenty-two stroke patients were randomly stratified into two groups: the experimental (n = 11) and the control group (n = 11). Parameters associated with balance and gait were measured using the 6-minute walk test, the 10-meter walk test, the timed “up and go” test, the functional gait assessment, and the four square step test. Gait analysis using the zebris Rehawalk® treadmill system was also performed. Patients in the experimental group received virtual reality-based treadmill training five times a week for a period of four weeks, while those in the control group received treadmill training at the same frequency, duration, intensity, and structure, along with a progressively more difficult task demands. Significant improvements were observed in selected outcome measures in both groups after training. Patients in the experimental group experienced improvements in all of the spatiotemporal gait parameters, but there was a significant difference before and after training in duration of double support and lateral asymmetry. The findings of this pilot randomized controlled trial support the benefits of using a virtual reality-based treadmill training program to improve gait and balance in subacute stroke patients.

scholarly journals A New Type of Balloon Catheter-Based Dilatation Intervention for Patients With Cricopharyngeus Achalasia After Stroke: A Randomized Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Hu ◽  
Yeyu Cai ◽  
Zhaohui Shen ◽  
Ailian Chen ◽  
Yacen Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Catheter ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Balloon Catheter ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Solid Food ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Liquid Food ◽  
Swallowing Rehabilitation ◽  
New Type ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Purpose To investigated the efficacy and safety of a new type of balloon catheter in dilatation intervention for patients with cricopharyngeus achalasia after stroke. Methods Fifty-two patients with cricopharyngeus achalasia after stroke received routinely swallowing rehabilitation trainings and were randomly assigned to: an experimental group (n = 26) that received dilatation therapy using this new balloon catheter one time per day for 5 days per week and a control group (n = 26) that received dilatation therapy with NO.14 ordinary urinary catheter one time per day for 5 days per week. Duration of intervention, EAT-10 and FOIS scores were recorded at baseline and every day during intervention. The time for FOIS score ≥ 3, the time for recovery of oral intake of water, liquid food, mushy food and solid food were recorded and estimated. Complications were recorded during intervention. Results The Exp group had shorter duration of intervention compared to the Con group (p < 0.001). Exp group improved faster than Con group with shorter recovery time for oral intake of liquid food (p < 0.001), mushy food (p = 0.001) and solid food (p < 0.001). At the termination of intervention, EAT-10 score was lower in Exp group than in Con group (p = 0.002). Compared to the Con group, Exp group had similar incidence of complications but better tolerability (p = 0.006). Conclusion Using this new balloon catheter for dilatation improves more and faster than using ordinary urinary catheter in patients with cricopharyngeus achalasia after stroke.

Efficacy of Circumferential Intensive Phototherapy in Treating Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Yang ◽  
Yingying Liu ◽  
Fang Zheng ◽  
Qiang Yao ◽  
Weinong Mo
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Transcutaneous Bilirubin ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective The present study was aimed at developing a circumferential phototherapy unit using 3M reflective materials in the double-sided phototherapy unit and investigating its efficacy in treating neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Study Design Forty-two infants with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia were selected from our hospital; they were randomly divided into control (n = 21) and experimental groups (n = 21). The experimental group was treated with the circumferential phototherapy unit, while the control group was treated with an ordinary phototherapy unit. Results No significant differences were noted between the two groups in the levels of transcutaneous bilirubin before phototherapy (p > 0.05). After 12 hours of phototherapy, the value of transcutaneous bilirubin decreased significantly in the experimental group compared with that of the control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the two groups did not exhibit any significant difference in the side effects (p > 0.05). Conclusion Our results indicated that the circumferential phototherapy unit was more effective than the ordinary phototherapy unit in treating neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Key Points

Effects of Fresnel prism glasses on balance and gait in stroke patients with hemiplegia: A randomized controlled trial pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 625-633
Author(s):  
Sun-Young Ha ◽  
Yun-Hee Sung
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Gait Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Unilateral Neglect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Functional Reach Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Experimental Group

BACKGROUND: Fresnel prism shifts the field of view and converts object position in space, but its effect on stroke patients without unilateral neglect has not been examined. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the effect of Fresnel prism glasses on balance and gait in stroke patients with hemiplegia. METHODS: This study included 17 stroke patients with hemiplegia without unilateral neglect. Balance and gait training were applied in the control group (n= 9), and Fresnel prism glasses were applied with balance and gait training in the experimental group (n= 8). In all groups, interventions were done for 30 min/day for 5 times/week for 4 weeks. Motor-free visual perception test for visual perception (MVPT), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and functional reach test (FRT) for dynamic balance ability, and gait were performed. Measurements were done before and after interventions. RESULTS: MVPT showed no significant difference between the groups (p> 0.05). A significant increase in BBS and FRT results was found before and after interventions in the experimental group (p< 0.05). Gait variables showed significant difference in the experimental group (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION: Fresnel prism glasses may effectively improve dynamic balance and gait functions by shifting body weight to the affected side of stroke patients with hemiplegia without vision loss.

scholarly journals The Effectivity of Mirror Therapy on Arm Motoric Improvement in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Jumraini Tammasse ◽  
Machyono Andi Kurnia Bintang
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Standard Therapy ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mirror Therapy ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Motor Action ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Cerebrovascular diseases (stroke) ranked the second cause of death worldwide. This research aimed at investigating the effectiveness of mirror therapy on artery therapy by ARAT (ARAT) score. The research was carried out by the clinical trials study towards 32 acute ischemic stroke patients who were divided into an experimental group got the combination of mirror therapy and standard therapy, and the control group only got the standard therapy. The level of the motor action was tested by Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) score. The research then compared the ARAT score difference between the two groups. The result of the research reveals that the ARAT score differences on the group who gets the combination of mirror therapy and standard therapy (15.56±4.38) higher than the group who only gets the standard therapy (7.69±1, 66). By using T-test, it is obtained the significant difference of P <0.05 (0.001).

scholarly journals The effects of Kinesio taping-combined exercise on the balance and gait ability of hemiplegic patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-328
Author(s):  
Young-Han Park ◽  
Dae-Hwan Lee ◽  
Youn-Bum Sung
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Comparison ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Combined Exercise ◽  
Kinesio Taping ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Balance Ability ◽  
Stance Time ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effect of the Kinesio taping method on the balance ability and gait ability of hemiplegic stroke patients by applying it to the lower extremities of the ankle on the affected side, addressing instability and asymmetry by improving the stability of the muscles and ankle joint. Methods: This study confirmed the general characteristics of hemiplegic patients diagnosed with stroke. Kinesio taping was applied to the lower extremities of 15 subjects in the experimental group, and they performed mat and treadmill exercises. In addition, basic mat and treadmill exercises were performed by the 15 subjects in the control group. The exercise regimens were performed 18 times: three times a week for six weeks. Results: In the paired-sample T-test used for within-group comparison of BBS, TUG and stance time on nonparetic side value, there was a significant difference between pre- and post-test for experimental group. However, in the control group, there was a statistically significant difference only in TUG. In the inter-group comparison, the experimental group showed a statistically significant improvement in BBS, TUG and stance time on nonparetic side value compared to the control group. Conclusion: The experiment’s results demonstrate that the application of Kinesio taping-combined exercise provides stability of the muscles and ankle joints of the lower extremities during walking by improving balance ability, and improves overall gait stability by increasing the stance phase time of the affected side in hemiplegic stroke patients.

scholarly journals Application of Cluster Nursing Among Post-Stroke Patients with Dysphagia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhu Lin ◽  
Min Sun ◽  
Yang Peng ◽  
Sun Weiqing
Keyword(s):  
Aspiration Pneumonia ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Swallowing Function ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Satisfactory Level ◽  
Swallowing Rehabilitation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: To explore the effect of cluster nursing care among post-stroke patients. Methods: Post-stroke patients with dysphagia (n=72) were randomly divided into two groups: experimental (or intervention) (n=36) the control (n=36). Patients in the experimental group were given cluster care, including swallowing assessment, safe eating guide, swallowing rehabilitation, the establishment of cluster prevention strategy and health education to patients and caregivers. Patients in the control group were given conventional nursing care, and the score of swallowing function, the prevalence of aspiration pneumonia and nursing care satisfactory level in both groups were assessed before and after the intervention. Results: The swallowing function of patients in the two groups were improved after intervention, but patients in the experimental group showed significantly higher improvement than the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of aspiration pneumonia was significantly lower in the experimental group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, the satisfactory level of nursing management was higher in the experimental group than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Cluster nursing (CN) practice has significantly improved the swallowing function of stroke patients with dysphagia, reduced the incidence of aspiration pneumonia and enhanced the satisfaction of nursing care.

Is perioperative antibiotic necessary in straightforward implant placement procedures?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elçin Bedeloğlu ◽  
Mustafa Yalçın ◽  
Cenker Zeki Koyuncuoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Implant Failure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this non-random retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the impact of prophylactic antibiotic on early outcomes including postoperative pain, swelling, bleeding and cyanosis in patients undergoing dental implant placement before prosthetic loading. Seventy-five patients (45 males, 30 females) whose dental implant placement were completed, included to the study. Patients used prophylactic antibiotics were defined as the experimental group and those who did not, were defined as the control group. The experimental group received 2 g amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 1 h preoperatively and 1 g amoxicillin + clavulanic acid twice a day for 5 days postoperatively while the control group had received no prophylactic antibiotic therapy perioperatively. Data on pain, swelling, bleeding, cyanosis, flap dehiscence, suppuration and implant failure were analyzed on postoperative days 2, 7, and 14 and week 12. No statistically significant difference was detected between the two groups with regard to pain and swelling on postoperative days 2, 7, and 14 and week 12 ( p &gt;0.05), while the severity of pain and swelling were greater on day 2 compared to day 7 and 14 and week 12 in both groups ( p =0.001 and p &lt;0.05, respectively). Similarly, no significant difference was found between the two groups with regard to postoperative bleeding and cyanosis. Although flap dehiscence was more severe on day 7 in the experimental group, no significant difference was found between the two groups with regard to the percentage of flap dehiscence assessed at other time points. Within limitations of the study, it has been demonstrated that antibiotic use has no effect on implant failure rates in dental implant surgery with a limited number of implants. We conclude that perioperative antibiotic use may not be required in straightforward implant placement procedures. Further randomized control clinical studies with higher numbers of patients and implants are needed to substantiate our findings.

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