FIBRINOPEPTIDE B6 15-42 IN LIVER CIRRHOSIS: A SENSITIVE INDICATOR OF MILD FIBRINOLYSIS ACTIVATION

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Marongiu ◽  
M R Acca ◽  
G Mulas ◽  
M Conti ◽  
G Sorano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Plasminogen Activators ◽  
Fibrinopeptide A ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Plasmin Activity ◽  
Coagulation Activation ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

In order to detect even minimal fibrinolysis activation in liver cirrhosis and to investigate whether an increased plasmin activity is related to a mild blood coagulation activation, we measured fibrinopeptide A (FPA) (Mailinckrodt) and fibrinopeptide BB 15-42 (BB 15-42) (IMCO and SORIN Biomedica) in 26 patients (16 men and 10 women, mean age 55.8 ± 13.1 years) with histologically proven liver cirrhosis..Mann-Whitney test, Student’s t test and correlation coefficient r were employed for statistical analysis when appropriate.FPA and BB 15-42 were not normal distributed and thus their levels were exprsessed as median and range.FPA values were significantly different in cirrhotic patients (3.9, 0.9-24.2 ng/ml) from those of the controls (2.5, 0.5-3.9 ng/ml) (p < 0.01).BB 15-42 levels were significantly higher in cirrhotic patients (19.4, 7.1-103.1 ng/ml) than in controls (10.4, 5.1-15.4 ng/ml) (p < 0.01). A posteriori the patients were divided in two subgroups according to whether their FPA levels were high (subgroup 1, n=10, FPA>4.0 ng/ml) or normal (subgroup 2, n=16, FPA < 4.0 ng/ml).In patients with high FPA levels we found higher levels of BB 15-42 (22.2, 9.9-103.1 ng/ml) than in patients with normal FPA (13.6, 7.1-30.7 ng/ml ).Thvis difference was significant (p < 0.02) .There was no relationship between FPA and BB 15-42.Our data indicate that in liver cirrhosis a mild fibrinolysis activation may occur.The role of a chronic intravascular coagulation appears to be significant in this regard.However the impaired clearance of plasminogen activators, the decreased synthesis of fibrinolysis inhibitors and the decreased levels of hystidine rich glycoprotein may be also involved in determining fibrinolysis activation as suggested by the lack of correlation between FPA and BB 15-42.

scholarly journals The impact of PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 in cirrhosis related complications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruki Uojima ◽  
Xue Shao ◽  
Taeang Arai ◽  
Yuji ogawa ◽  
Toru Setsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Fibrosis Progression ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
The Impact

Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) and transmembrane 6-superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) polymorphisms have major impact for fibrosis due to steatohepatitis. However, there are scant data about correlations between cirrhosis-related complications and the polymorphisms of these genes. Therefore, we aimed to determine the role of the PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 polymorphisms in fibrosis progression for patients with liver cirrhosis. A multicenter study was performed at six hospitals in Japan enrolling 400 patients with liver cirrhosis caused by virus (n = 157), alcohol (n = 104), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (n = 106), or autoimmune disease (n = 33). These cirrhotic patients included those with complications of variceal bleeding, hepatic ascites, and/or hepatic encephalopathy and those without. To assess the role of the PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 polymorphisms in patients with cirrhosis related complications, we calculated the odds ratio and relative risk for the rs738409 and rs58542926 polymorphisms. We also accessed whether or not the interaction between these two polymorphisms contributed to cirrhosis related complications. As a result, the odds ratio for complications in the NAFLD group significantly increased in the presence of the rs738409 GG genotype when the CC genotype was used as the reference. There were no significant risks between complications and the presence of the rs738409 G allele in the virus or alcohol groups. There were no significant risks of complications in the frequency of the rs58542926 T polymorphism regardless of the etiology of liver cirrhosis. The interaction between the trs738409 and rs58542926 polymorphisms had the highest odds ratio of 2.415 for complications in the rs738409 GG + rs58542926 (CT+TT) group when rs738409 (CC+CG) + TM6SF2 CC was used as the reference in the NAFLD group.

Uraemic Bleeding : Contributory Role Of Red Cells

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Livio ◽  
D Marchesi ◽  
G Mecca ◽  
G Remuzzi ◽  
M B Donati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
T Test ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

The bleeding times (B.T.) of 65 patients with chronic uraemia were determined inmediately before a routine haonodialysis session. A significant negative correlation (r=0.67, p < 0.01) was found between B.T. and packed cell volume (PCV) values. When the patients with bleeding times longer than 15 min were excluded frcm the analysis, a negative correlation with PCV was still apparent (r = 0.55; p<0.01 ) .in addition, X2 analysis showed a significant association between PCV values <30% and B.T. longer than 260 sec(p<0.001) . Fourteen uraemic patients with PC/ values between 13% and 27% and B.T. longer than 15 min, required washed blood cell transfusions, after which PCV values increased variably but no shortening of B.T. was observed unless PCV rose to at least 30%. In particular, 2 uraemic patients with B.T. >15 min and PCV values of 21% and 19% were transfused on several occasions. PCV rose to 23%, 30% and 35% in the first patient and to 25% and 34% in the second one. The corresponding B.T. were >15 min,>15 min and 0 min 30 sec and > 15 and 9 min 30 sec. In a group of 15 patients with uraemia-unrelated anemias (PCV between 20% and 34%) the median B.T. was 300 sec (range 120-450 sec) whereas in a group of 15 uraemic patients with comparable PCV values, the median B.T. was 390 sec (range 180 - 900 sec) (p<0.05, paired student's t test) . It is concluded that among other factors red cells may contribute to the defective haemostasis in uraemic patients.

Brain tumors: Regulation of angiogenesis.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13540-e13540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduard Evgenevich Rostorguev ◽  
Elena Mikhaylovna Frantsiyants ◽  
Yulia A. Pogorelova ◽  
Natalia D. Cheryarina ◽  
Larisa Kozlova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Metastatic Brain Tumors ◽  
Metastatic Tissue ◽  
Pathological Angiogenesis ◽  
Important Mediator ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
G 14 ◽  
Student’S T Test

e13540 Background: Cancer implicates pathological angiogenesis. The problem of treatment for primary and metastatic brain tumors is still unsolved. In addition to main angiogenic functions, VEGF family performs important mediator functions in the immune system. The role of VEGF family in central nervous system tumors is poorly studied. Our purpose was to study the levels of factors of angio- and lymphangiogenesis in tissues of glioblastomas (G), brain metastases (MTS), meningiomas and corresponding peritumoral area. Methods: Tissues of tumor and peritumoral zone (PZ) obtained during the surgery from 22 patients with G, 14 patients with brain MTS from breast cancer and 12 meningioma patients, mean age 39.2±4.8 years, were studied. Levels of VEGF-A, VEGFR-1, VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 were determined by ELISA. The data were processed using Statistica 10 program. The significance of differences was determined by Student's t-test. Results: VEGF-A levels in tissues of G and MTS were higher than in meningioma tissues by 74.7 and 94.5 times, respectively; levels of VEGF-R1 were 2.7 and 3.9 higher, and the VEGF-A/VEGF-R1 coefficient was 28.1 and 24.1 times higher, respectively. Levels of VEGF-C and VEGF-R3 were escalated only in G tissues compared to meningiomas (by 1.7 times on average). The VEGF-С/VEGF-R3 coefficient was similar in all studied tumors. VEGF-A levels were higher in PZ of G and MTS compared to PZ of meningiomas – by 78.2 and 110.7 times, respectively, while VEGF-R1 level was higher in G PZ only (by 5.5 times). The VEGF-A/VEGF-R1 coefficient was 14.5 and 128.5 times higher, respectively. VEGF-C level in PZ of G was escalated compared to meningiomas by 6.5 times, in MTS – by 1.6 times. VEGFR-3 contents did not differ significantly in all PZ samples, but the VEGF-С/VEGF-R3 coefficient was higher in PZ in G by 9 times and in MTS by 2 times. Conclusions: Compared to benign meningiomas, angio- and lymphangiogenesis are activated in glioblastoma tissue and angiogenesis – in metastatic tissue. Lymphangiogenesis is more active in peritumoral zone of glioblastomas compared to metastatic tissue, and angiogenesis is more active in peritumoral zone of metastases.

The Contribution of the Perichondrium to the Structural Mechanical Behavior of the Costal-Cartilage

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason L. Forman ◽  
Eduardo del Pozo de Dios ◽  
Carlos Arregui Dalmases ◽  
Richard W. Kent
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Costal Cartilage ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Homogeneous Material ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Anterior Posterior ◽  
Student’S T Test

The costal-cartilage in the human ribcage is a composite structure consisting of a cartilage substance surrounded by a fibrous, tendonlike perichondrium. Current computational models of the human ribcage represent the costal-cartilage as a homogeneous material, with no consideration for the mechanical contributions of the perichondrium. This study sought to investigate the role of the perichondrium in the structural mechanical behavior of the costal-cartilage. Twenty-two specimens of postmortem human costal-cartilage were subjected to cantileveredlike loading both with the perichondrium intact and with the perichondrium removed. The test method was chosen to approximate the cartilage loading that occurs when a concentrated, posteriorly directed load is applied to the midsternum. The removal of the perichondrium resulted in a statistically significant (two-tailed Student’s t-test, p≤0.05) decrease of approximately 47% (95% C.I. of 35–58%) in the peak anterior-posterior reaction forces generated during the tests. When tested with the perichondrium removed, the specimens also exhibited failure in the cartilage substance in the regions that experienced tension from bending. These results suggest that the perichondrium does contribute significantly to the stiffness and strength of the costal-cartilage structure under this type loading, and should be accounted for in computational models of the thorax and ribcage.

scholarly journals Circulating levels of ghrelin in human fetuses

2003 ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Cortelazzi ◽  
V Cappiello ◽  
PS Morpurgo ◽  
S Ronzoni ◽  
MS Nobile De Santis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Intrauterine Development ◽  
Elective Cesarean ◽  
Appropriate For Gestational Age ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Circulating Levels ◽  
Student’S T Test

OBJECTIVE: Ghrelin is a GH secretagog isolated recently from rat stomach and involved in the stimulation of food intake and adiposity in rodents and humans. Moreover, subsequent studies showed that ghrelin is expressed in rat and human placenta, suggesting a possible influence of the peptide on fetal growth. The aim of this study was to evaluate circulating levels of ghrelin in appropriate for gestational age (AGA) or intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) fetuses. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Ghrelin levels between 20 and 39 weeks of gestation were measured in 16 AGA and nine IUGR fetuses in whom blood was collected by cordocentesis performed for prenatal diagnosis of different diseases or during elective cesarean section. In most samples, GH, cortisol and leptin levels were also evaluated. Results are expressed as means+/-S.D. Differences were tested using the Student's t-test with Welch correction. P<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: All fetuses showed levels of ghrelin in the umbilical venous blood (100+/-99 pmol/l) that did not correlate with the gestational age or the maternal ghrelin levels. No difference was found between umbilical venous and arterial concentrations, suggesting that fetal tIssues are a source of ghrelin. Ghrelin levels in IUGR fetuses were significantly higher than those found in AGA fetuses (176+/-125 vs 58+/-44 pmol/l; P<0.005). Moreover, in samples obtained at birth, ghrelin concentrations correlated negatively with birth weight (P<0.05). In IUGR fetuses, GH and cortisol concentrations were higher and leptin levels lower than in AGA fetuses, although no significant correlation between these parameters and ghrelin levels was found. CONCLUSION: The presence of ghrelin in the fetal circulation as well as its increase in IUGR fetuses suggest a role of this peptide during intrauterine development.

scholarly journals Value of hepatic elastography and Doppler indexes for predictions of esophageal varices in liver cirrhosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Bintintan ◽  
Romeo Ioan Chira ◽  
Vasile Virgil Bintintan ◽  
Georgiana Nagy ◽  
Roberta Maria Manzat-Saplacan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Esophageal Varices ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Ultrasound Parameters

Aims: Non-invasive methods are required to diagnose presence and grading of esophageal varices in patients with he- patic cirrhosis and in this respect we have evaluated the role of transient elastography and abdominal ultrasound parameters. Material and methods: Cirrhotic patients were prospectively evaluated by transient elastography and Doppler ultrasound for diagnosis of presence and grading of esophageal varices, the results being compared with the findings of the esophagogas- troduodenoscopy. Results: Sixty patients with hepatic cirrhosis were analysed. The parameters that reached statistical signifi- cance for diagnosis of esophageal varices were: liver stiffness (LSM) > 15 kPa, hemodynamic liver index (PVr1) ≥ 0.66, portal vascular resistance (PVR) > 17.66 and splenoportal index (SPI) > 4.77. The only parameter that reached statistical power for the diagnosis of large esophageal varices was LSM at a cut-off value of 28.8 kPa. Conclusions: Assessment of LSM in patients with liver cirrhosis can predict both the presence of esophageal varices and of large esophageal varices. The PVr1, PVR and SPI Doppler indexes can be used to diagnose the presence of esophageal varices but have no role in the prediction of large esophageal varices. Further studies are required to confirm these results and offer a stronger clinical significance.

scholarly journals Hepatic encephalopathy: issues relevant to clinical practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
M. V. Maevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) remains one of the most serious complications of liver cirrhosis. Its clinical spectrum sometimes creates difficulties in the optimal diagnosis at the patient’s bedside and treatment. To present new data on the field of clinical management of cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy. The role of ammonia in the diagnosis of HE is still under discussion. In clinical practice, in patients with suspected overt HE, normal ammonia concentration can be used to exclude this diagnosis. In contrast, a high concentration of ammonia in the absence of clinical signs of HE should not serve as a criterion for this diagnosis and as a guide for treatment. A separate issue for discussion is the covert HE. The simplest and most affordable test for screening for covert HE and evaluating the effectiveness of therapy is the animal naming test, which can be done on bedside by physician or caregivers. Patients with covert HE need treatment that is similar in approach to overt HE. The diagnosis of overt HE and the methods of its therapy are well known. According to Russian recommendations, depending on the disease course in a certain patient, lactulose, rifaximin, L-ornithine L-aspartate can be used as first-line drugs, which is applicable to the treatment of both overt and latent PE. The main issues on the management of HE in liver cirrhosis relate to the diagnostic role of ammonia, optimal diagnosis and treatment strategy for covert HE, therapy of choice for both overt and latent HE. There are expert opinions and consensus documents on all these issues. Treatment of overt and latent PE is carried out according to the same principles. Drugs of choice: lactulose, rifaximin and L-Ornithine L-Aspartate.

scholarly journals ATTENUATION OF HEAVY METALS IN SEDIMENTS OF THE BONNY ESTUARY, NIGERIA: THE ROLE OF OXYGEN

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1810-1821
Author(s):  
Dr. Dike Henry Ogbuagu ◽  
Dagogo Eras Dinney
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Aerobic Condition ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Student’S T Test ◽  
Analyze Data

Sediments of the Bonny Estuary, which is repository to pollutants from various industrial and shipment activities in its catchment was investigated for rate of natural attenuation of toxic metals (Cd, Mn, Cr, Pb, Cu, Ni, Fe) under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Samples were collected with pre-grab sampler from seabed, sieved in the laboratory and monitored under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. After incubation at 18°C, harvests were made on days 1, 14, 28 and 42 and levels of the metals determined spectrophotometrically. Variation plots, ANOVA, Means plots, Student’s t-test and Pearson correlation (r) were used to analyze data. Concentration reductions were higher in aerobic condition in the order Cu(15.5%)> Cd(11.4%)> Fe(8.0%)>Mn(5.7%)> Cr(4.4%)> Ni(4.2%)>Pb(3.9%) than in anaerobic condition which was in the order Cu(7.5%)> Cd(7.4%)>Pb(2.4%)>Mn/Cr(1.8% each)> Fe(0.9%)> Ni(0.5%). There was significant heterogeneity in metals reductions (Sig. F=0.000) on all the harvest days, especially of Cu, Pb and Fe at P<0.05. Attenuation of Mn also differed markedly between the aerobic and anaerobic conditions (Sig. t=0.005) at the 95% confidence interval. pH influenced the attenuation of Ni (r=0.766) and Fe (r=0.795) (P<0.05) as well as Cd (r=0.968), Cr (r=0.861), Pb (r=0.989) and Cu (r=0.950) (P<0.01). Results indicate that rate of attenuation was slow and slightly enhanced by oxygenation.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of salivary malondialdehyde levels as a marker of lipid peroxidation in early childhood caries

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 067-070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Subramanyam ◽  
Deepa Gurunathan ◽  
R. Gaayathri ◽  
V. Vishnu Priya
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Salivary Malondialdehyde ◽  
Carious Process ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between lipid peroxidation and dental caries in children with ECC by estimating the levels of MDA in saliva of children. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 children were selected; 75 children with ECC and 75 children without caries (non-ECC). Saliva samples were collected and centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 24 min at 4°C to obtain a supernatant. MDA levels were estimated by Buege and Aust method by using thiobarbituric acid. The data obtained were analyzed by Student’s t-test to compare MDA levels between the groups. Results: MDA levels were higher in children with ECC. There was no statistically significant difference between children with ECC and without ECC (non-ECC). Conclusion: MDA levels were slightly higher in children with ECC, indicating the role of lipid peroxidation in the carious process.

scholarly journals The potential role of Transient Elastography in assessing patients with Primary Budd Chiari Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muriel Webb ◽  
Oren Shibolet ◽  
Yoav Lurie ◽  
Yakov Maor ◽  
Helena Katchman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
P Value ◽  
Budd Chiari Syndrome ◽  
Chiari Syndrome ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients

Abstract Background: Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare disease defined as hepatic venous outflow obstruction at any level from the hepatic venules up to the cavo-atrial junction. Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) is performed as a decompressive treatment in some patients.Aim: To evaluate the potential role of Transient Elastography (TE) in assessing liver stiffness in patients with primary BCS.Methods: Twenty one BCS patients and 10 patients with liver cirrhosis with different underlying etiologies underwent abdominal ultrasound and TE.Results: Ninety-five percent of BCS patients had liver stiffness compatible with F4 with a median of 21 kPa, values which are usually obtained in patients with liver cirrhosis. Ten BCS and 10 cirrhotic patients underwent repeated TE with a median of 320 days between exams for BCS and 4.5 years for cirrhotic patients. The change of liver stiffness in BCS patients was 5.75 kPa (range − 0.4 to 26.6), compared with − 4.85 kPa (range − 15.6 to 15.0) in cirrhotic patients (p-value = 0.0029). Change in liver stiffness from baseline to follow-up in BCS patients who underwent TIPS (n = 4) was 0.2 kPa (range − 0.4 to 15.3), whereas in patients without intervention (n = 6) it was 6.75 kPa (range 1.3 to 26.6). The difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Liver stiffness in BCS patients is a dynamic progressive process with parameters of TE resembling liver cirrhosis. Even if TIPS seem to slow down the increment of liver stiffness, because of decreased liver congestion, it kept most patients with high score. The TE in BCS patients may be considered for monitoring for stable or upfront disease deterioration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document