The Distance between Tibial Tubercle and Trochlear Groove Correlates with Knee Articular Torsion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximiliano Barahona ◽  
Mauricio Guzmán ◽  
Cristian Barrientos ◽  
Álvaro Zamorano ◽  
Miguel Palet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distal Femur ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tibial Tubercle ◽  
Trochlear Groove ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tibial Torsion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Femoral Torsion ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
Axial Alignment

AbstractThis study aims to correlate the tibial tubercle to trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance with knee axial alignment. The hypothesis is that as internal torsion of the distal femur or external torsion of the proximal tibial increases, the TT-TG distance increases. We designed a cross-sectional study approved by our institutional ethics review board. We reviewed 32 computed tomography angiographies of patients that have nonjoint or bone-related symptoms. Distal femoral torsion, proximal tibial torsion, knee articular torsion (AT), and TT-TG distance were measured. A regression analysis between the TT-TG distance and the AT was performed. A positive correlation between the TT-TG distance and the AT was found. An increase in external torsion of the proximal tibial or an increase in internal torsion of the distal femur increases the TT-TG distance. For a correct interpretation of the TT to trochlear groove distance, we propose that the axial alignment should be included in the regular analysis of patellofemoral disease.

Effect of Medialization of the Trochlear Groove and Lateralization of the Tibial Tubercle on TT-TG Distance: A Cross-sectional Study of Dysplastic and Nondysplastic Knees

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652098781
Author(s):  
Mathias Paiva ◽  
Lars Blønd ◽  
Per Hölmich ◽  
Kristoffer Weisskirchner Barfod
Keyword(s):  
Trochlear Dysplasia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Tibial Tubercle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trochlear Groove ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean

Background: Tibial tubercle–trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance is often used as a measure of lateralization of the TT and is important for surgical planning. Purpose: To investigate if increased TT-TG distance measured on axial magnetic resonance images is due to lateralization of the TT or medialization of the TG. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 84 knees (28 normal [NK], 28 with trochlear dysplasia [TD], and 28 with patellar dislocation without TD [PD]) were examined. The medial border of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) was chosen as the central anatomic landmark. The distance from the TT to PCL (TT-PCL) was measured to examine the lateralization of the TT. The distance from the TG to the PCL (TG-PCL) was measured to examine the medialization of the TG. Between-group differences were investigated by use of 1-way analysis of variance. Results: The mean values for TT-TG distance were 8.7 ± 3.6 mm for NK, 12.1 ± 6.0 mm for PD, and 16.7 ± 4.3 mm in the TD group ( P < .01). The mean values for TT-PCL distance were 18.5 ± 3.6 mm for NK, 18.5 ± 4.5 mm for PD, and 21.2 ± 4.2 mm in the TD group ( P = .03). The mean values for TG-PCL distance were 9.6 ± 3.0 mm for NK, 7.1 ± 3.4 mm for PD, and 5.1 ± 3.3 mm in the dysplastic group ( P < .01). Conclusion: The present results indicate that increased TT-TG distance is due to medialization of the TG and not lateralization of the TT. Knees with TD had increased TT-TG distance compared with the knees of the control group and the knees with PD. The TT-PCL distance did not differ significantly between groups, whereas the TG-PCL distance declined with increased TT-TG.

Sleep disturbances in children with autism spectrum disorder in Lahore, Pakistan; a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Usman Baig ◽  
Syed Muslim Mehdi ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Imtiaz Afzal ◽  
Admin
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Ethics

Abstract Objective: To assess the frequency of insomnia and other sleep disturbances among children with autism spectrum disorder. Methods: Sleep disturbance scale for children was used in this descriptive cross-sectional study and the parents were asked to fill out the questionnaire along with the consent form. Initial sample size was 97, out of which 93 were included in study. The research was approved by institutional ethics committee of Sharif medical and Dental College. Results: This study showed that 37 (39.8%) children had at least one type of the sleeping disorder. Most common type were insomnia 24 (25.8%) and sleep-awake transition disorders 15 (16.1%), less common were disorders of arousal 10 (10.8%), disorders of excessive somnolence 7 (7.5%), sleep hyperhidrosis 5 (5.4%) and sleep breathing disorders 4 (4.3%). Conclusion: Nearly forty percent of children with autism spectrum disorder suffer from sleep disorders, among which the most frequent was insomnia. Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder, insomnia, sleep disorders, children

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practices about hemovigilance among practitioners: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2553
Author(s):  
Roshi . ◽  
Vishal R. Tandon
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
Transfusion Reactions

Abstract: Transfusion by blood and blood products forms an important part of treatment. But this is not free from transfusion reactions which may be in the form of fever, rashes, shivering, anaphylaxis or even death. Hemovigilance is a programme of reporting such events.Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital of Jammu, (J& K). Permission was taken from Institutional Ethics Committee, Govt. Medical College, Jammu. A pretested questionnaire was prepared and circulated among practitioners. They were given time of 15 minutes to fill that questionnaire. After 15 minutes, the filled questionnaire were collected and were analysed. The data was presented in tabulated form.Results: Total 50 practitioners were included in the study. All the practitioners had knowledge about transfusion reactions. Only 10% of the practitioners had knowledge that transfusion reactions can be prevented, 40% of the practitioners had knowledge about hemovigilance programme and had an idea that transfusion reactions can be reported. But only 10% of the practitioners knew where to report and who can report, 6% knew how to report. Only 48% of the practitioners thought that transfusion reactions should be reported, 70% of the practitioners thought that transfusion reactions can be dangerous. 40% of practitioners told that seminars/CMEs should be planned. 80% of practitioners had encountered transfusion reactions, but only 2% had documented the same. 10% of the practitioners had attended seminars, CMEs. Many reasons were quoted for not reporting transfusion reactions.Conclusion:  Overall, most of the practitioners have a positive attitude towards transfusion reaction reporting but knowledge regarding the haemovigilance concept is poor and the majority of them never reported such reaction. Hence, our study demands increased awareness and continued training to strengthen the haemovigilance system.

scholarly journals Prevalence of periodontitis in obese patients in Bahrain: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leena Alsalihi ◽  
Crawford Bain ◽  
Alexander Milosevic ◽  
Amar Hassan ◽  
Abeer Janahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Adult Obesity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Community Periodontal Index ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background Adult obesity has been associated with various systemic diseases and is an increasing problem in Bahrain. Recent evidence indicates a correlation between adult obesity and periodontitis. Hence the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of periodontitis in overweight/obese adults in Bahrain and to determine the factors associated with periodontitis in these obese adults. Method This cross-sectional study was conducted in overweight subjects attending Ministry of Health (MOH) Nutrition Clinics at primary health centers in Bahrain. After obtaining the institutional ethics approval, the demographic and anthropometric data, including Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) using World Health Organization (WHO) thresholds for severity of obesity, were recorded. Periodontal status was measured using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and the extent and severity of periodontal disease were categorized according to the number of sextants with CPI codes 3 and 4. Results A total of 372 participated with a mean age 44.0 (± 10.5) years for males, and 42.5 (± 11.2) years for females. Periodontitis was present in 361 (97%) of participants. Hypertension and diabetes were the most prevalent co-morbidities at 23.4% and 16% respectively. Mean WC was significantly greater in males at 114 cm (± 15.6) compared to females 109.5 cm (± 12.5) (p < 0.001). BMI was not associated with severity or extent of periodontitis but WC was weakly correlated in males but not in females (Spearman rho =  + 0.2, p < 0.05). In the logistic regression model using overall WC to predict the severity of periodontitis, the adjusted OR was 1.02 (95% CI 1.00–1.04) and for age it was 1.05 (95% CI 1.00–1.07). Conclusion The prevalence of periodontitis was high in this sample of overweight Bahrainis. BMI was not correlated with periodontitis but WC had a weak positive correlation. Implementation of periodontal health screening as a routine part of a nutrition clinic program is recommended.

scholarly journals An observational and cross-sectional study on drug utilization pattern in the ophthalmology out-patient department of a tertiary care center of Bihar

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 194-196
Author(s):  
Mrityunjay Kumar Pandit ◽  
Kumar Gaurav ◽  
Jeetendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Prescribing Practices ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Ethics

Making affordable drugs accessible to all strata of society is an inevitable part of health care. This situation makes Drug Utilization Study inevitable. With this background, the current study was planned to obtain knowledge on the prescribing pattern and drug utilization trend in ophthalmology department at a tertiary care teaching hospital with ultimate goal to promote rational use of drugs among prescribers. An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Bhagalpur, Bihar. Prior to the initiation of the study, clearance was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Study period was between March 2021 and August 2021. Prescriptions of 550 patients who were treated during the course of the study were surveyed prospectively by using a specially designed form. The WHO drug use indicators like prescribing indicators and patient care indicators were determinedThe average number of drugs per prescription was 2.6, ranging from 0-7 drugs. The dosage forms, the frequency of administration and duration of treatment of the drugs were recorded for 99.9% of the prescriptions given. This analysis of the prescriptions showed that 93.8% of the prescriptions were written in the form of various trade names. Antibiotics were prescribed in 52.5% of the prescriptions. The present study revealed certain lacunae in the prescribing practices of the Ophthalmologists at the selected institute and this is evident by the low generic prescribing in many prescriptions.

scholarly journals Morphologic Features of the Distal Femur and Proximal Tibia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Cureus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Chaurasia ◽  
Ankita Tyagi ◽  
John A Santoshi ◽  
Prashant Chaware ◽  
Bertha A Rathinam
Keyword(s):  
Distal Femur ◽  
Proximal Tibia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Insight of medical students on online teaching during COVID-19 pandemic-A survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-199
Author(s):  
Vaseemunnisa Begum ◽  
Neeraj Sadiq ◽  
Ghulam Subhani ◽  
Asma Gulnaaz ◽  
Mohammed Mohsin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Online Classes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
Study Results

: The Global disease (COVID-19 pandemic) has impacted our lives in various ways. Online teaching is the strange routine for studying platforms to continue with the process of educating students, Online classes have become a key component in the continuity of education.: 1. This study aims to rank the usefulness of online teaching compared to classroom conventional teaching 2. Socioeconomic parameters related to online teaching in a medical college: The study is a cross-sectional study done on medical students. A questionnaire was prepared listing the various ways in which they discern online teaching trying to cope up during the pandemic.: After the institutional Ethics committee clearance, online cross-sectional study was done on the medical students where from the 2 and 3 year. This online survey was done between 10May 2021- 10 June 2021, A total number of 211 students participated out of 250, after completion of 18 months of online classes. A Set of 15 self -designed questionnaire based on 5 point Likert scale was given to the students to rank the effectiveness through online class usefulness levels and satisfaction levels on various parameters. Students were also asked about the demographic factors. The data was analyzed using software SPSS software The study results shows that online classes is less helpful in five parameters and equally helpful in five parameters but was not at all superior to conventional methods, we can come to the interpretation that students think that classroom teaching cannot be replaced by online teaching. We can conclude that online studies can only be a supplement and cannot be an alternate for the established order of learning

scholarly journals A study of surgical profile of patients undergoing appendectomy

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamlesh Dhruv ◽  
Sunita Meshram ◽  
Sujan Narayan Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Abdominal Mass ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Common Operation

Background: The most common cause of acute abdomen in surgical is appendicitis. Among the surgeries of abdomen performed all over the world, appendectomy is the most common operation performed. Many studies have shown variations of age, gender in acute appendicitis as well as the seasonal variations in the occurrence of acute appendicitis, although the cause is not found yet. Objective was to study the surgical profile of patients undergoing appendectomy.Methods: A total of 302 patients who have undergone appendectomy were included in the present study which was hospital based cross sectional study. The study was carried out for two years at Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad, India. Permission from Institutional Ethics Committee permission was obtained. From each and every patient included in the study, initially Informed individual consent was taken.Results: The incidence of appendicitis is much more in females i.e. 60% compared to only 40% in males. Appendicitis was most common in younger age groups of below 30 years of age. As the age increased the incidence of appendicitis decreased. From 83.2% at 30 or less than 30 of age it drastically dropped down to 15.9% in the age group of 30-49 years and in the age group of 50 and above, the incidence of appendicitis came down to less than one percentage. Only three cases were recorded above the age of 50 years.Conclusions: Present study revealed more rates in females. The disease was more common in younger age groups. The most common presenting symptom was abdominal pain. Presence of abdominal mass was absent in the present study.

scholarly journals A study on substance abuse among young people (10-24 years) in urban slums of Jorhat, Assam

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 677-684
Author(s):  
Arya Nair Kovilveettil
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Young People ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
The People

Objective: To find out the substances abused by the people in urban slums and also find factors contributing to it. Also to recommend suggestions based on the study Material and Methods: It was a community based cross sectional study and data was collected using Interviewers Performa after getting approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. A sample size of 174 was calculated . Young People (10 to 24yrs) who were willing to participate were included and whose not ready to take part were opted out. Results: It was found that males usually 22 to 24yrs used abusive substances than females. Tobacco was the most common substance abused followed by alcohol and majority had been introduced to the substances by their peers between 17 to 24 yrs. Most people consumed the drug multiple times daily followed by weekly and had procured the drug from local retailers. These substances gave them a sense of hallucination and euphoria on consumption. Among the side effects oral problems like ulcers and malignancy topped the list. Respiratory and gastrointestinal issues along with inability  to concentrate on work were other side effects. Conclusions: Based on the results several recommendations were made especially awareness workshops and camps. These programs mainly stressed upon the necessity to create social awareness among the people and their families about the ill effects of substance abuse. All the results were tabulated.

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