scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors with Mixed Coinfections among under 5-Year-Old Children with Severe Viral Pneumonia in Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. e74-e79
Author(s):  
Hien T. Pham ◽  
Tran N. T. Nguyen ◽  
Quynh A. Tran ◽  
Tam T. Ngo
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Bacterial Coinfection

AbstractCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is well-recognized as a leading cause of disease burden in children. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of coinfection and associated factors in Vietnamese children ages 1 month to 5 years with viral pneumonia. We performed a cross-sectional study of children who were diagnosed with severe viral pneumonia. Demographic, clinical, and subclinical characteristics were compared between children with viral alone and bacterial coinfection. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine which factors were associated with risk of coinfection. Of 202 children with severe viral pneumonia, the most common causative agent was respiratory syncytial virus (respiratory syncytial virus [RSV]: 36.1%), followed by influenza virus A (24.3%) and adenovirus (19.8%). Fifty-three children (26.2%) had bacterial superinfection and/or coinfection with other viruses. Haemophilus influenza was the most common bacterium (9.4%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (with 4.0%). In infants (toddlers), ages 12 to 24 months with severe viral pneumonia, (odds ratio [OR] = 3.37, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22–9.33), the higher concentrations of procalcitonin (PCT; OR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.00–1.34), and neutrophils (OR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.04–1.22) were associated with a higher risk of coinfection. This study underlined the pervasiveness of coinfections among young children with severe viral pneumonia. Provision of effective antiviral treatment, especially for RSV, as well as the advancement of sensitive and rapid diagnostic tools for screening pathogens of pneumonia, is critical to reducing the burden of this disease.

scholarly journals Procalcitonin Identifies Bacterial Coinfections in Vietnamese Children with Severe Respiratory Syncytial Virus Pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Quyet Do ◽  
Tuan Minh Dao ◽  
Tran Ngoc Thi Nguyen ◽  
Quynh Anh Tran ◽  
Hau Thi Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diagnostic Values ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Bacterial Coinfection

This study assessed the diagnostic value of interleukin- (IL-) 6, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) in differentiating severe pneumonia caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) alone and RSV with bacterial coinfections among Vietnamese children under 5 years old. A cross-sectional study on 70 children with severe RSV pneumonia was conducted. IL-6, hs-CRP, and PCT tests were performed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was employed to measure the diagnostic values of PCT, IL-6, and hs-CRP. Of 70 children, 11 children were confirmed to have bacterial coinfections. The most common bacterial coinfection was Haemophilus influenzae. This study underlined that inflammatory biomarkers such as PCT had a moderate-to-high capability of disseminating severe pneumonia children with RSV alone or RSV and bacterial coinfections. This may support clinicians in administrating appropriate antibiotics to children suffering from severe RSV pneumonia.

scholarly journals Respiratory syncytial virus prevalence in children admitted to five Kenyan district hospitals: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000409
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Le Geyt ◽  
Stephanie Hauck ◽  
Mark Lee ◽  
Jennifer Mackintosh ◽  
Jessica Slater ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Virus Prevalence ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are a leading cause of under-five mortality globally. In Kenya, the reported prevalence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in single-centre studies has varied widely. Our study sought to determine the prevalence of RSV infection in children admitted with ARI fulfilling the WHO criteria for bronchiolitis. This was a prospective cross-sectional prevalence study in five hospitals across central and highland Kenya from April to June 2015. Two hundred and thirty-four participants were enrolled. The overall RSV positive rate was 8.1%, which is lower than in previous Kenyan studies. RSV-positive cases were on average 5 months younger than RSV-negative cases.

An Active Surveillance and Referral Program to Ensure Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prophylaxis for the Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease Population: A Quality Improvement Project

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-159
Author(s):  
Carman R. DeMare ◽  
Catherine O’Keefe
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death within the first year of life because of birth defects. Complications related to respiratory infection caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) increase risks in the CHD population. Prevention is key to minimizing risk, and administration of RSV prophylaxis, palivizumab, is recommended for infants with hemodynamically significant heart disease. Objective: Use the electronic medical record (EMR) to identify and ensure appropriate referral of CHD patients eligible for RSV prophylaxis. Design: Comparative, cross-sectional study design. Setting: Cardiac specialty clinic of a regional children’s hospital. Population: CHD patients younger than 24 months of age eligible for RSV prophylaxis. Intervention: Use the EMR to develop a method for identifying CHD patients eligible for RSV prophylaxis and implement a referral process. Results: Similar number of patients in the 2 RSV seasons studied. Rates of eligibility for RSV prophylaxis over the 2 seasons were the same. Improvements in documentation of eligibility by the provider from the first season to the second. Limitations: Inability to determine referral rates. Initial EMR search did not identify patients eligible for RSV prophylaxis. Inconsistent EMR data entry. Conclusions: Ongoing education on eligibility for RSV prophylaxis. Need for automated EMR referral. Ongoing evaluation of EMR systems identifying patients eligible for RSV prophylaxis.

scholarly journals Knowledge and practice to prevent COVID-19 and its associated factors among pregnant women in Debre Tabor Town Northwest Ethiopia, a community-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemu Degu Ayele ◽  
Gedefaye Nibret Mihretie ◽  
Habtamu Gebrehana Belay ◽  
Adanech Getie Teffera ◽  
Bekalu Getnet Kassa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Debre Tabor ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease is now a global concern with the non-availability of antiviral treatment and attacks all groups of the population. Hence, applying preventive measures is the most critical intervention to control the infection. Pregnant women are particularly susceptible to respiratory pathogens because of their immunosuppressive state and physiological adaptive change during pregnancy. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess knowledge and practice to prevent coronavirus disease and its associated factors among pregnant women in Debre Tabor Town. Methods Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 participants from May 25–June 15, 2020. A simple random sampling technique was employed. Data were collected by face-to-face interview using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire and analysis using SPSS version 23. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was carried out and p-value < 0.05 at 95% CI were considered as statistically significant. Results Overall 46.8 and 47.6% of women were knowledgeable and had good practice to prevent coronavirus respectively. Women’s age (15–24 years) (AOR = 4.85, 95% CI: 1.34–5.42), educational status (AOR:3.70; 95% CI: 1.16–5.40) being civil servant (AOR:2.84; 95% CI: 1.55–5.21), wanted pregnancy (AOR:3.37; 95% CI: 1.20–9.45), antenatal care follow-up (AOR:2.07; 95% CI: 1.03–4.13) were significantly associated with COVID-19 knowledge, whereas educational status (AOR:3.78; 95% CI: 1.19–5.11), number of children (AOR:2.89; 95% CI: 1.29–6.45) and knowledge (AOR:8.42;95% CI: 4.50–15.85), were also found to be statistically significant with practice. Conclusions Most of the participants had poor knowledge and inappropriate practice. Increasing health education programs via different media, coordinated and combined efforts of authorities and all individuals will be needed to battles the spread of the infection.

Postpartum Depression and Its Associated Factors among Women in Bandar Abbas City

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arefeh Shahi
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bandar Abbas

Background: Postpartum depression with a different incidence of 40- 45% in different societies, which it has adverse effects on the health of mothers and their child, given the negative effects of maternal depression and its harmful effects on the baby and the quality of family life. So, this study was performed with the aim to determine postpartum depression and its associated factors in Bandar Abbas city. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 after obtaining consent from mothers by the census. A total of 343 mothers was examined for depression who referred to Bandar Abbas health centers in the 2nd and 4th months after childbirth. The data collection tools included demographic information and Postpartum Depression Edinburgh questionnaires. Finally, the statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (version 22.0) software and data were analyzed using the Independent t-test, Mann Whitney, Chi-square, and Fisher exact tests.Result: Totally, 68 (19.8%) of samples were in the second month and 54 (15.7%) in the fourth month after delivery had postpartum depression. The incidence of depression in the four months was 6.6%. There was a significant difference between depression and income, parental education, father’s use of cigarette and abnormalities of the infant (P <0.001). There was no significant difference between other factors such as gestational age, infant sex, birth weight, unwanted pregnancy, and type of delivery. Conclusion: Regarding the prevalence of this disorder, it seems that postpartum depression screening planning should be considered during child routine care as an essential component, especially for vulnerable groups.

scholarly journals Glycemic control associated factors in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients: a cross sectional study

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Ramos Guzatti ◽  
Amely PS Balthazar ◽  
Maria Heloisa Busi da Silva Canalli ◽  
Thais Fagnani Machado
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional
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