scholarly journals Lymph Node Mapping in Gastric Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pulkit Maru ◽  
Bipradas Roy ◽  
Saugata Sen ◽  
Argha Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Lymphatic Drainage ◽  
Perioperative Chemotherapy ◽  
Nodal Staging ◽  
Powerful Predictor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lymph Node Mapping ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
Outcome Of Surgery

AbstractAccurate preoperative nodal staging is critical in determining the appropriate therapy and prognosis for stomach cancer. A staging computed tomography should inform the treating surgeon about the nodal burden to decide the appropriate surgical plan or perioperative chemotherapy. Nodal staging is also a powerful predictor of the outcome of surgery and overall survival. Imaging of nodes is also important in the assessment of response following the chemotherapy. In this article, we will discuss lymphatic drainage of stomach and different nodal stations, identification of nodal stations on cross sectional imaging, and different types of surgical nodal clearance for gastric cancer.

scholarly journals A Probabilistic Cross Sectional Imaging Atlas of Healthy Axillary and Paraclavicular Lymph Nodes in Breast Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Ernst ◽  
Kai Joachim Borm ◽  
Stephanie E Combs ◽  
Mathias Düsberg ◽  
Marciana Nona Duma
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Lymphatic Drainage ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Tumor Site ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sectional Imaging

Abstract BACKGROUNDThe aim of the present study was to generate an atlas of lymphatic drainage in breast cancer patients to be used in cross sectional diagnostic and therapeutic imaging. METHODSThe distribution of healthy lymph nodes is investigated as a surrogate for lymphatic drainage in cross sectional imaging. 2094 healthy LN were contoured contralateral to the primary tumor site on PET-CT datasets of 153 breast cancer patients. Using rigid and non-rigid registration techniques 1939 LN were transferred to a “standard patient” CT data set. Thus, a healthy lymph node atlas was generated. The location of the healthy LN was compared to the RTOG and ESTRO clinical target volumes radiotherapy contouring recommendations.RESULTSThe mean volume of healthy LN was 0.17cm3±0.28cm3 and the mean diameter was 0.77cm±0.36cm. Most LN were in level I (69.20%), supraclavicular (14.80%) and level II (10.50%). The remaining LN were in the internal mammary (2.70%), intraglandular (1.80%) and level III (1.00%). The ESTRO guideline encompassed the healthy LN in 35.00% completely, in 31.10% partly and in 33.90% not at all. The RTOG encompassed 48.00% of the healthy LN completely, 28.80% in part and 23.20% not at all.CONCLUSIONOur study lead to the most comprehensive 3D-imaging atlas of healthy LN in cross sectional imaging. The results can be used to generate a strategy to further reduce the rate of lymphedema by irradiation. Further, the atlas can be used to determine the probability of a visible LN in a specific location to be healthy.

scholarly journals Rumination in PTSD as well as in Traumatized and Non-Traumatized Depressed Patients: A Cross-Sectional Clinical Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Birrer ◽  
Tanja Michael
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Powerful Predictor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Intrusive Cognitions

Background: Although rumination is a key process in the onset and maintenance of depressive symptoms and a powerful predictor of persistent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), little is known about the differences and similarities of rumination in these conditions. Previous research has not always differentiated between rumination and intrusive images. Aims: We sought to systematically evaluate rumination and to gather more information about the content and associated emotions in three patient groups (PTSD, and depressed with and without trauma; n = 65). Furthermore, we examined the interaction between rumination and another predominant intrusive cognition, intrusive image. Method: A multi-method assessment for rumination, including a rumination questionnaire and a rumination log (kept for one week), was employed. Results: Rumination was found to be complex and composed of subcomponents that are similar across the diagnostic groups. Rumination rarely stopped intrusive images and it made the participants feel worse. There were, however, also important differences: in PTSD, rumination always or often triggered intrusive images and the traumatized individuals (PTSD and depressed with trauma) ruminated more than non-traumatized depressed patients. Conclusions: The results corroborate the assumption of rumination being a transdiagnostic process, with similarities but also with important differences across diagnostic groups. Moreover, the findings support recent research on the intricate relationship between different types of intrusive cognitions.

State-of-the-art pulmonary arterial imaging – Part 2

VASA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Goerne ◽  
Abhishek Chaturvedi ◽  
Sasan Partovi ◽  
Prabhakar Rajiah
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Therapy Monitoring ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Arterial Imaging

Abstract. Although pulmonary embolism is the most common abnormality of the pulmonary artery, there is a broad spectrum of other congenital and acquired pulmonary arterial abnormalities. Multiple imaging modalities are now available to evaluate these abnormalities of the pulmonary arteries. CT and MRI are the most commonly used cross-sectional imaging modalities that provide comprehensive information on several aspects of these abnormalities, including morphology, function, risk-stratification and therapy-monitoring. In this article, we review the role of state-of-the-art pulmonary arterial imaging in the evaluation of non-thromboembolic disorders of pulmonary artery.

State-of-the-art aortic imaging: Part II - applications in transcatheter aortic valve replacement and endovascular aortic aneurysm repair

VASA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Rengier ◽  
Philipp Geisbüsch ◽  
Paul Schoenhagen ◽  
Matthias Müller-Eschner ◽  
Rolf Vosshenrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Open Surgical Repair ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transcatheter Aortic Valve ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Sectional Imaging

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) as well as thoracic and abdominal endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR and EVAR) rely on accurate pre- and postprocedural imaging. This review article discusses the application of imaging, including preprocedural assessment and measurements as well as postprocedural imaging of complications. Furthermore, the exciting perspective of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based on cross-sectional imaging is presented. TAVR is a minimally invasive alternative for treatment of aortic valve stenosis in patients with high age and multiple comorbidities who cannot undergo traditional open surgical repair. Given the lack of direct visualization during the procedure, pre- and peri-procedural imaging forms an essential part of the intervention. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is the imaging modality of choice for preprocedural planning. Routine postprocedural follow-up is performed by echocardiography to confirm treatment success and detect complications. EVAR and TEVAR are minimally invasive alternatives to open surgical repair of aortic pathologies. CTA constitutes the preferred imaging modality for both preoperative planning and postoperative follow-up including detection of endoleaks. Magnetic resonance imaging is an excellent alternative to CT for postoperative follow-up, and is especially beneficial for younger patients given the lack of radiation. Ultrasound is applied in screening and postoperative follow-up of abdominal aortic aneurysms, but cross-sectional imaging is required once abnormalities are detected. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound may be as sensitive as CTA in detecting endoleaks.

Identification of Root Cause Failure in Silicon on Insulator Body Contacted nFETs Using Scanning Capacitance Microscopy and Scanning Spreading Resistance Microscopy

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. McMurray ◽  
C.M. Molella
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Silicon On Insulator ◽  
Back Side ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Plan View ◽  
Spreading Resistance ◽  
Scanning Capacitance Microscopy ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Active Channel

Abstract Root cause for failure of 90 nm body contacted nFETs was identified using scanning capacitance microscopy (SCM) and scanning spreading resistance microscopy (SSRM). The failure mechanism was identified using both cross sectional imaging and imaging of the active silicon - buried oxide (BOX) interface in plan view. This is the first report of back-side plan view SCM and SSRM data for SOI devices. This unique plan view shows the root cause for the failure is an under doped link up region between the body contacts and the active channel of the device.

Soames' & Southam's Oral Pathology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Robinson ◽  
Keith Hunter ◽  
Michael Pemberton ◽  
Philip Sloan
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Oral Pathology ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Oral Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Facial Region ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Key Aspects

A sound understanding of clinical oral pathology is essential if a dental clinician is to navigate successfully through clinical guidelines, make timely referrals to specialists, and provide good care for patients. This new edition of Soames' & Southam's Oral Pathology provides a clear and friendly guide for students, practitioners, and the whole dental team. Thoroughly updated for today's clinical practice, this textbook covers 'must-know' oral pathology and integrates key aspects of oral medicine. It begins by explaining the principles of clinical assessment, the synthesis of a differential diagnosis, and the selection of further investigations including laboratory tests. Ten chapters bring this theory to life by looking at the clinical and pathological features of a wide range of common oral diseases including oral cancer, salivary gland disorders, and diseases of the jaws. Two new chapters address skin diseases affecting the oro-facial region and neck lumps. A final chapter highlights the importance of clinical oral pathology in the context of systemic human disease. New radiology content includes examples of cross-sectional imaging. Photomicrographs have been replaced with carefully selected images to illustrate key pathological features. Each chapter includes key points boxes and tables to aid learning. Written by experts in both oral pathology and oral medicine, this new edition is a must-have for dentistry students, and those working in the field, providing current and trustworthy information.

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