Soames' & Southam's Oral Pathology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Robinson ◽  
Keith Hunter ◽  
Michael Pemberton ◽  
Philip Sloan
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Oral Pathology ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Oral Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Facial Region ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Key Aspects

A sound understanding of clinical oral pathology is essential if a dental clinician is to navigate successfully through clinical guidelines, make timely referrals to specialists, and provide good care for patients. This new edition of Soames' & Southam's Oral Pathology provides a clear and friendly guide for students, practitioners, and the whole dental team. Thoroughly updated for today's clinical practice, this textbook covers 'must-know' oral pathology and integrates key aspects of oral medicine. It begins by explaining the principles of clinical assessment, the synthesis of a differential diagnosis, and the selection of further investigations including laboratory tests. Ten chapters bring this theory to life by looking at the clinical and pathological features of a wide range of common oral diseases including oral cancer, salivary gland disorders, and diseases of the jaws. Two new chapters address skin diseases affecting the oro-facial region and neck lumps. A final chapter highlights the importance of clinical oral pathology in the context of systemic human disease. New radiology content includes examples of cross-sectional imaging. Photomicrographs have been replaced with carefully selected images to illustrate key pathological features. Each chapter includes key points boxes and tables to aid learning. Written by experts in both oral pathology and oral medicine, this new edition is a must-have for dentistry students, and those working in the field, providing current and trustworthy information.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Gingivitis, Plaque accumulation and Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth among slum population in Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Hannan ◽  
MTH Chowdhury ◽  
MAI Khan ◽  
AFMA Chowdhury ◽  
KM Shahidullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Slum Population

A cross-sectional survey, using cluster sampling technique, of slum population, was done to explore the oral health status and the prevalence of common oral diseases. A close ended questionnaire comprising Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) Index, Gingival Index (Löe and Silness) and Plaque Index was applied to evaluate and record oral diseases, in both male and female population, covering a wide range of age groups. Clinical examination was carried out in different slum set ups, including slum schools by trained and calibrated examiners. Three thousand nine hundred and four (3904) slum dwellers participated in the survey. Prevalence of Caries was expressed in mean DMFT, recording of gingival status followed the method of Löe and Silness, oral hygiene status was evaluated using Plaque index. Mean decayed component, of the DMFT, was significantly higher than filling and missing component. Both decayed and missing components showed increasing trend, and filling components decreased as the age progressed. Prevalence of gingivitis and plaque accumulation was remarkably high among slum dwellers. Significantly high level of common oral diseases was found among Tongi slum dwellers.Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2014; 40 (2): 47-51

scholarly journals A pragmatic evidence-based approach to post-mortem perinatal imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan C. Shelmerdine ◽  
J. Ciaran Hutchinson ◽  
Celine Lewis ◽  
Ian C. Simcock ◽  
Thivya Sekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diagnostic Quality ◽  
Imaging Protocols ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Key Aspects

AbstractPost-mortem imaging has a high acceptance rate amongst parents and healthcare professionals as a non-invasive method for investigating perinatal deaths. Previously viewed as a ‘niche’ subspecialty, it is becoming increasingly requested, with general radiologists now more frequently asked to oversee and advise on appropriate imaging protocols. Much of the current literature to date has focussed on diagnostic accuracy and clinical experiences of individual centres and their imaging techniques (e.g. post-mortem CT, MRI, ultrasound and micro-CT), and pragmatic, evidence-based guidance for how to approach such referrals in real-world practice is lacking. In this review, we summarise the latest research and provide an approach and flowchart to aid decision-making for perinatal post-mortem imaging. We highlight key aspects of the maternal and antenatal history that radiologists should consider when protocolling studies (e.g. antenatal imaging findings and history), and emphasise important factors that could impact the diagnostic quality of post-mortem imaging examinations (e.g. post-mortem weight and time interval). Considerations regarding when ancillary post-mortem image-guided biopsy tests are beneficial are also addressed, and we provide key references for imaging protocols for a variety of cross-sectional imaging modalities.

Congenital Anomalies of the Superior Vena Cava: Embryological Correlation, Imaging Perspectives, and Clinical Relevance

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abed Ghandour ◽  
Karunakaravel Karuppasamy ◽  
Prabhakar Rajiah
Keyword(s):  
Superior Vena Cava ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Sectional Imaging

There is a wide spectrum of congenital anomalies of the superior vena cava, which are more increasingly recognized in cross-sectional imaging. Although some of these anomalies are asymptomatic, others have important clinical and interventional implications. Imaging modalities such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging play an important role in the accurate characterization of these anomalies, which is essential for mapping prior to surgeries or interventions. In this article, we review a wide range of anomalies of the superior vena cava, including the embryological basis, cross-sectional imaging findings, and clinical implications, particularly from an interventional radiology perspective. We also discuss the treatments and complications of these anomalies.

scholarly journals Cross Sectional Imaging of Solitary Lesions of the Neurocranium

2017 ◽  
Vol 189 (12) ◽  
pp. 1135-1144
Author(s):  
Max-Ludwig Schäfer ◽  
Arend Koch ◽  
Florian Streitparth ◽  
Edzard Wiener
Keyword(s):  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Feature ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Benign Nature ◽  
Typical Appearance ◽  
Important Diagnostic Feature

Background Although a wide range of processes along the neurocranium are of a benign nature, there are often difficulties in the differential diagnosis. Method In the review CT/MRI scans of the head were evaluated retrospectively regarding solitary lesions along the neurocranium. The majority of the lesions were histologically proven. Results The purpose of the review is to present typical pathologies of the neurocranium and provide a systematic overview based on 12 entities, their locations, prevalence and radiological characteristics. Conclusion Processes, which primarily originate from the neurocranium have to be differentiated from secondary processes infiltrating the neurocranium. For this important diagnostic feature, MRI is typically essential, while the definitive diagnosis is often made on the basis of the medical history and the typical appearance on computer tomography. Key Points  Citation Format

Vesiculo-erosive Oral Mucosal Disease—Management with Topical Corticosteroids: (1) Fundamental Principles and Specific Agents Available

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 294-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. González-Moles ◽  
C. Scully
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Drug Selection ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Oral Medicine ◽  
High Potency ◽  
Topical Corticosteroids ◽  
Mucosal Disease ◽  
Systemic Corticosteroids ◽  
Key Aspects

Vesiculo-erosive diseases of the oral mucosa pose a major challenge in oral medicine, because they are chronic, painful, and interfere with the daily activities and quality of life of the patients, including disturbing eating, drinking, talking, and personal relationships. Many are autoimmune diseases, and corticosteroid therapy is currently central to their treatment. These diseases present with inflammation and alterations to epithelial integrity, through cell and/or humoral immunity-mediated attack on epithelial-connective tissue targets. Until recently, despite their serious adverse effects, it was necessary to prescribe systemic corticosteroids to control severe erosive oral diseases. Now, however, many of these diseases can be controlled by high-potency topical corticosteroids, which have proved to be highly efficacious and to cause fewer adverse effects compared with systemic corticosteroids. Nevertheless, although topical corticosteroids are still the most widely used drugs in the practice of oral medicine, the scientific body of evidence for their use in the oral cavity is virtually non-existent, and therefore many of the protocols followed are, of necessity, drawn from experience of their use in a dermatological setting. This review aims to set out the key aspects of the use of topical corticosteroids in oral medicine. The issues covered include the indications and basic rules for their use, the types of corticosteroids, the drug selection, and the specific formulations.

scholarly journals Imaging in Common Anterior and Sellar/Perisellar Skull Base Lesions

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-150
Author(s):  
Zena M Patel ◽  
Santosh S Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Skull Base Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Complex Anatomy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Skull Base Lesions ◽  
Sectional Imaging

ABSTRACT Skull base surgery is an advanced surgical subspeciality. A wide range of pathologies can primarily or secondarily involve the skull base. Due to its complex anatomy, cross-sectional imaging is an important part in the multidisciplinary approach for skull base lesions.

State-of-the-art pulmonary arterial imaging – Part 2

VASA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Goerne ◽  
Abhishek Chaturvedi ◽  
Sasan Partovi ◽  
Prabhakar Rajiah
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Therapy Monitoring ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Arterial Imaging

Abstract. Although pulmonary embolism is the most common abnormality of the pulmonary artery, there is a broad spectrum of other congenital and acquired pulmonary arterial abnormalities. Multiple imaging modalities are now available to evaluate these abnormalities of the pulmonary arteries. CT and MRI are the most commonly used cross-sectional imaging modalities that provide comprehensive information on several aspects of these abnormalities, including morphology, function, risk-stratification and therapy-monitoring. In this article, we review the role of state-of-the-art pulmonary arterial imaging in the evaluation of non-thromboembolic disorders of pulmonary artery.

State-of-the-art aortic imaging: Part II - applications in transcatheter aortic valve replacement and endovascular aortic aneurysm repair

VASA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Rengier ◽  
Philipp Geisbüsch ◽  
Paul Schoenhagen ◽  
Matthias Müller-Eschner ◽  
Rolf Vosshenrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Open Surgical Repair ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transcatheter Aortic Valve ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Sectional Imaging

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) as well as thoracic and abdominal endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR and EVAR) rely on accurate pre- and postprocedural imaging. This review article discusses the application of imaging, including preprocedural assessment and measurements as well as postprocedural imaging of complications. Furthermore, the exciting perspective of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based on cross-sectional imaging is presented. TAVR is a minimally invasive alternative for treatment of aortic valve stenosis in patients with high age and multiple comorbidities who cannot undergo traditional open surgical repair. Given the lack of direct visualization during the procedure, pre- and peri-procedural imaging forms an essential part of the intervention. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is the imaging modality of choice for preprocedural planning. Routine postprocedural follow-up is performed by echocardiography to confirm treatment success and detect complications. EVAR and TEVAR are minimally invasive alternatives to open surgical repair of aortic pathologies. CTA constitutes the preferred imaging modality for both preoperative planning and postoperative follow-up including detection of endoleaks. Magnetic resonance imaging is an excellent alternative to CT for postoperative follow-up, and is especially beneficial for younger patients given the lack of radiation. Ultrasound is applied in screening and postoperative follow-up of abdominal aortic aneurysms, but cross-sectional imaging is required once abnormalities are detected. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound may be as sensitive as CTA in detecting endoleaks.

A Cross Sectional Survey of Chicken Astroviruses Antibody in Broiler and Sonali (Cross-Bred) Chickens in Selected Areas in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Md Zulfekar Ali ◽  
Mohammad Moktader Moula ◽  
Zafar Ahmed Bhuiyan ◽  
Muhammad Tariq Javed
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Elisa Kit ◽  
Published Report ◽  
Poultry Birds ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Group B

AbstractChicken astroviruses (CAstV) are enteric viruses of poultry causing gastroenteritis, malabsorption, gout and white chick disease commonly known as runting-stunting syndrome (RSS). It can affect the wide range of poultry birds, especially chicken, turkey and duck worldwide. To our best knowledge there is no published report on presence of antibodies against CAstV in Bangladesh. Therefore, the study aimed to detect the presence of CAstV antibodies in broilers and sonali chickens (a cross-bread) in Bangladesh through a cross-sectional survey. A total of 454 blood samples from 66 flocks of broiler (n=343) and sonali chickens (n=111) of different ages were obtained during 2017 from four districts. The birds were healthy but were not vaccinated against CAstV. The samples were tested for specific antibodies against CAstV Group B by using commercially available ELISA kit. Overall, 16.74% (76/454) samples and 34.84% (23/66) flocks were positive for CAstV antibodies. The seroprevalence of CAstV was significantly (p=0.001) higher in sonali chickens (36.96%) than broiler (10.20%), while it was significantly higher (p=0.001) in birds of Bogura district (36.94%) than the other three districts. Regarding the age groups, seroprevalence was insignificantly (p=0.192) higher in sonali chicken before laying age (45%) than during laying age (27.45%). Regarding the seasons, CAstV infection was prevalent significantly (p=0.001) higher in winter season. Thus, the present study indicated the presence of CAstV in poultry in Bangladesh, so further studies are required to find out the magnitude of the problem in the country.

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