scholarly journals A Prospective Observational Study of Clinicopathological and Biochemical Profile of Patients with Cholecystitis Visiting a Teaching Tertiary Care Centre of Haryana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pushpendra Malik ◽  
Tarun L.N. U. ◽  
Sanjeet Singh ◽  
Mahinder K Garg ◽  
Mukesh Sangwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Chronic Cholecystitis ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Bile Formation ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Hypochondriac Pain

Abstract Introduction Gallstone diseases constitute a major part of patients visiting hospitals, and more than 50% of operation theaters are occupied by it or diseases related to it. It also imposes significant financial burden on health resources. The 21st century has opened with an improved foundation to our understanding of the basis of bile formation by defining the key transporters of the lipids in bile and the responsible genes. The specter of obesity as an epidemic in developed countries, and the recent recognition of the metabolic syndromes and their links to gallstone formation, emphasize the expectation of a rise in the frequency of cholesterol cholelithiasis. Materials and Methods Data pertaining to patients who were admitted/received surgery for a diagnosis of gallstone diseases at the Department of General Surgery of BPS GMC Khanpur Kalan was collected.The collected data was entered in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Mean ± standard deviation (SD) was calculated for quantitative data, using Student’s “t” test/Kruskal test. Chi-square test was used to find out the association for categorical data. Results and Discussion Most of the patients were experiencing right hypochondriac pain (79.23%) as presenting complaints, with the most common age range being 31 to 40 years, followed by 41 to 50 years, that is, 31.85% and 20.74%, respectively. Females were most commonly affected, approximately 90%, and only 10% of patients with gallstones visiting our hospital were males. Maximum patients had chronic cholecystitis (80%) on histopathological examination, followed by cholesterosis (6.15%). As much as 82.6% of patients presented with mixed gallstones, followed by cholesterol stones, that is, 10.43%. All types of stones are more common in patients with abdominal adiposities, that is, having waist-to-hip ratio more than 0.85, and these findings are statistically significant. Conclusion Our study concluded that gallstones were more common in females of younger population (31–40 years) with right hypochondriac pain as presenting complaints. The most common histopathology was chronic cholecystitis with mixed types of stones, which is associated with increased waist-to-hip ratio. All biochemical markers were within normal range.

A prospective observational study on the effectiveness of risk of malignancy index score (RMI 3) in a tertiary care centre in Eastern India

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Apurba Mandal ◽  
Shibram Chattopadhyay ◽  
Sushanta Mondal ◽  
Arunava Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Adnexal Mass ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Background: Adnexal mass is a common presentation in today’s gynecological practice. The incidence of ovarian cancer is increasing day by day and diagnosis is often difficult to be made pre operatively with inadequate surgical exploration is a regular occurrence. Aims and Objectives: To assess and validate the importance of RMI-3 score as pre-operative diagnostic tool of differentiating benign from malignant adnexal mass for starting first line therapy of ovarian cancer and to find out the incidences of ovarian malignancy among study population. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics on (n=115) patients attending GOPD and indoor with adnexal mass fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria using purposive sampling technique. All the selected cases underwent ultrasonography and serum CA- 125 level estimation necessary for calculating RMI score. A score of >200 was taken as suggestive of malignancy and confirmatory diagnosis was performed by histopathological examination obtained from staging laparotomy of adnexal mass. The individual scores were then correlated with final outcomes with statistical analyses. Results: The study revealed benign ovarian tumors are more under 50 years (78.46%) and patients with normal BMI are diagnosed with maximum of malignancy (n = 28). History of tubal ligation carried less risk of malignancy (p<0.0001). Histologically malignant tumors found mostly in 71.4% postmenopausal group whereas 94.1% benign pathology were present in perimenopausal group and there is no association found between parity and histopathology (p=0.058). Bilateral (p=0.013), multilocular (p=0.000) tumors with solid areas (p<0.0001) and thick papillary projections (p<0.0001) had statistically significant association with malignant lesions. RMI score (>200) had more efficacy than serum CA-125 level (>46) in differentiating malignant lesions from benign one in terms of specificity (96% vs 83.87%) and positive predictive value (95% vs 79.17%). Conclusions: RMI-3 score is a simple, reliable and effective tool in differentiating benign from malignant adnexal masses thereby help in quick referral and management of cases with increase chances of survival of the patients.

HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF WHO CLASSIFIED MULTIBACILLARY LEPROSY CASES IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE, SOUTH KERALA

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-34
Author(s):  
Anita Sanker ◽  
G Nandakumar ◽  
Swapna Balkrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Epithelioid Cells ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Epidermal Atrophy ◽  
Multibacillary Leprosy

There are signicant differences in the histopathology of leprosy lesions which is inuenced by the host immune response to Mycobacterium leprae. Objective - To nd the histopathological changes in newly diagnosed multibacillary leprosy(MB) cases registered in the skin department Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram. Method- skin biopsy performed in 40 multibacillary leprosy cases and histopathological ndings were evaluated. 70% showed epidermal atrophy. Granulomas, composed of sheets of foamy macro Results- phages, lymphocytes and epithelioid cells, were seen in 21 cases & twenty two cases were AFB positive. Eight cases each were lepromatous, borderline tuberculoid, mid boderline, borderline lepromatous types. Conclusion- Presence of 60% cases of borderline leprosy indicates the unstable immune response in leprosy patients. Majority were either borderline lepromatous or lepromatous showing the infective nature of multibacillary leprosy. Histopathological examination with Fite- Foroco staining is a crucial method and the gold standard for accurate diagnosis and typing of leprosy.

Histopathological Study of Lesions of the Nasal Cavity, Paranasal Sinuses and Nasopharynx in a Tertiary Care Centre, Visakhapatnam over a Period of 2 Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (33) ◽  
pp. 3054-3059
Author(s):  
Rajendra Prasad Jagannadham ◽  
Lakshmi Latchupatula ◽  
Sravani Ponnada ◽  
Neelima Lalam ◽  
Raghunadhababu Gudipudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Predominance

BACKGROUND A variety of non - neoplastic and neoplastic conditions involve the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx and these are very common lesions encountered in clinical practice. Histopathological examination of these lesions is the gold standard for diagnosis because management and prognosis vary among different lesions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the histopathological study of the lesions of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx in relation to their incidence, age, gender and site wise distribution and to compare the results with the available data. METHODS A study of 88 cases was conducted for a period of 2 years from August 2017 to July 2019. After fixation, Processing and Haematoxylin and Eosin staining and special stains histopathological diagnosis was made. RESULTS Among 88 total cases, 58 were males and 30 were females. A male predominance was observed with a male to female ratio of 1.93 : 1. They were more common in third, fourth and fifth decade of life. Malignant nasal lesions were seen after fourth decade of life. Nasal lesions were more common in nasal cavity (67.05 %), followed by paranasal sinuses (18.18 %) and nasopharynx (14.75). Out of 88 total cases, 39 (44.32 %) were non - neoplastic, 30 (34.09 %) were benign and 19 (21.59 %) were malignant nasal lesions. CONCLUSIONS Sinonasal lesions and nasopharyngeal lesions can have various differential diagnoses. A complete clinical, radiological and histopathological correlation helps to categorize these sinonasal lesions into various non - neoplastic and neoplastic types. But histopathological examination remains the mainstay of definitive diagnosis. KEYWORDS Nasal Cavity, Paranasal Sinuses, Nasopharynx, Benign Tumours, Malignant Tumours, Histopathological Examination

scholarly journals Clinico-Pathological Study of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia in a Tertiary Care Centre of Western Region of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Sushila Patel ◽  
Binita Bhattarai Pokharel ◽  
Anita Shah ◽  
Manita Sunam Goda ◽  
Saraswati Khadka Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Wide Range

INTRODUCTION: Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) consists of a wide range of conjunctival and corneal lesions ranging from dysplastic lesions to invasive squamous cell carcinoma. In recent times, the incidence of OSSN seems to be on the rise, especially in developing countries. The present study was aimed to analyse demographic pattern, clinical characteristics, and histopathology findings of OSSN in a tertiary care centre of western region of Nepal.  MATERIAL AND METHODS: It was a retrospective study. We analyzed 94 cases of OSSN who presented to cornea department of Lumbini Eye Institute, Bhairahawa, Nepal over a period 1.5 years from 1st July 2017 to 31st December 2018. All the patients with OSSN, detailed clinical history and examination were recorded. Lesions were excised with a 3 mm margin clearance and sent for histopathological examination.  RESULTS: Mean age of our patients with OSSN was 48.89±17.955 years ranging from 17 to 85 years. There were 52 (55.32%) male and 42 (44.68%) female. Mean duration of presentation was 6.34±6.17 months. A solitary nodule at the limbus was the commonest presentation. Right eyes were involved more than left eyes. Lesions were found most commonly on temporal site 52 (55.32%) followed by nasal 36 (38.30%). On histopathological examination benign lesions were found in 31 (32.98%) eyes, preinvasive lesion in 50 (53.19%) eyes and invasive lesions in 13 (13.83%) eyes.  CONCLUSION: OSSN were seen more commonly in young adults with male predominance. Benign and pre invasive lesions are found more commonly than invasive lesions.

scholarly journals Correlation of clinical and ultrasonographic features with histopathology in post-menopausal bleeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2817
Author(s):  
Meenakshi Vempalli ◽  
Lopamudra B. John ◽  
G. Chandana
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Postmenopausal Bleeding ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Background: Postmenopausal bleeding is generally regarded as an ominous alarm of genital pathologies which requires a thorough evaluation clinically and pathologically to exclude carcinoma as the cause and ensure a benign pathology. This study aims at finding out whether clinical diagnosis and ultrasonographic features can be reliable parameters for the diagnosis of causes and whether the findings correspond with histopathology reports.Methods: This observational study was conducted in a tertiary care centre in Pondicherry between January 2018 to August 2019. 114 women were enrolled for whom detailed history taking and clinical examination was done. All the patients were subjected to transvaginal ultrasonography. Patients with clinically visible lesions on cervix and vulva were subjected to biopsy and the rest underwent fractional curettage and the sample was sent for histopathological examination. Finally, histopathology report was compared with clinical and ultrasonographic findings.Results: With endometrial thickness cut off of 4 mm, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value in predicting malignancy by ultrasonography were 100%, 12.3%, 4.5% and 100%. Histopathology showed atrophic endometrium (43.8%), endometrial hyperplasia (8%), endometrial polyp (7.9%) and endometrial carcinoma (3%). Clinical and ultrasonographic findings did not show any statistical correlation with histopathology.Conclusions: Authors conclude that clinical findings and ultrasonographic features do not correlate with histopathology in cases of postmenopausal bleeding for which atrophic endometrium was the commonest etiology. However, ultrasound should be done routinely before endometrial sampling as the sensitivity for predicting malignancy was 100% for endometrial thickness cut off of 4 mm.

scholarly journals Study of pattern of nosocomial infections among post-operative patients following obstetrical and gynaecological surgeries in a tertiary care institute of northern India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1421
Author(s):  
Latika . ◽  
Smiti Nanda ◽  
Pushpa Dahiya ◽  
Sushila Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Background: Hospital acquired infections (HAIs) are the major causes of morbidity and mortality, functional disability and financial burden among the patients admitted in hospitals. The nosocomial infection has thrown a big challenge to the health sector in both the developing and developed countries; therefore, it is important to put in place surveillance system for monitoring its incidence rate and planning early interventions for its prevention. The aim and objective of the study was to study the socio demographic profile of the patients who underwent Obstetrical and Gynecological surgeries and to identify the risk factors and causative organisms associated with the post-operative nosocomial infection and pattern of antibiotics sensitivity.Methods: It was a record based retrospective study carried out in a tertiary care referral institute. The case files of all post-operative patients from January 2015 to July 2015 were retrieved from the Medical Record department and an extensive analysis was carried out.Results: It was found that majority of the patients (75%) with nosocomial infection were in the age group of 20-35 years and all were married. Most of them (72%) were from the rural background. It was observed that around 9% patients reported nosocomial infection after emergency laparotomy procedure as compared to 8% of patients after elective procedure.Conclusions: In this study it was found that surgical site infection (SSI) was most common nosocomial infection followed by Urinary tract infection. The majority of surgical site infections can be prevented by the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative phases of care.

scholarly journals Association between multi nodular goitre and thyroid malignancy at a tertiary care centre

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Sreenidhi G. M. ◽  
Jyothi S.
Keyword(s):  
Total Thyroidectomy ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Multinodular Goitre ◽  
Thyroid Malignancy ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nodular Goitre ◽  
Occult Malignancy

Background: Over the past few decades, the incidence of thyroid cancer has dramatically increased. Thyroid malignancy in multinodular goitre is considered to be high and these occult malignancies are detected only in post operative histopathological analysis. The study helps in finding association between multinodular goitre and thyroid malignancy. Objective was to find the association between multinodular goitre and thyroid malignancy in those who underwent total thyroidectomy.Methods: A cross sectional study conducted in department of general surgery, KIMS hospital, Bangalore. The 236 randomized cases of multinodular goitre who underwent total thyroidectomy were selected. Patients underwent thorough clinical examination pre operatively and were reassessed in post-operative period following surgery. Later, histopathology report on thyroidectomy specimen of the patients were obtained. This report was considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of thyroid malignancy.Results: Occult malignancies were commoner in middle aged females. Most of the patients in the study underwent total thyroidectomy. The prevalence of thyroid malignancy in our study was found to be 7.2%.  In the study, 17 incidental malignancies were papillary carcinomas. It revealed a highly significant relation between the lymphocytic thyroiditis and occult malignancy (p<0.0001)Conclusions: The prevalence of malignancy in multinodular goitre is 7.2%. The only variant of incidental malignancy detected in histopathological examination of excised thyroid was papillary carcinoma. There is a statistically significant association between presence of thyroiditis in preoperative FNA and presence of occult malignancy carcinoma.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Aspergillus and Mucor Co-Infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravindra Chari M ◽  
Manju Rajaram ◽  
Madhusmita M ◽  
Pampa ChToi ◽  
Sneha L
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Middle Lobe ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
First Case

Co-infections or consecutive infections of mucormycosis and aspergillosis are very rare. Additionally, distinguishing between these two infections is also difficult as both these conditions have similar clinical features. We report two similar cases from Tamilnadu, who presented to a tertiary care centre in Puducherry, India in 2017 (first case) and 2019 (second case).The first case was a 70-year-old, non-diabetic male patient who presented with haemoptysis with a prior history of pulmonary tuberculosis. Computed tomography bronchial angiography revealed an air-crescent sign and the histopathological examination showed a fungal ball (aspergillus and mucor) in the upper lobe and foci of fungal infection in the middle lobe. The second case was a 65-year-old diabetic male patient who presented with blackish expectoration and haemoptysis. A high-resolution computed tomography scan showed a reverse-halo sign in the right upper lobe. The results of the bronchoscopy-guided biopsy were consistent with a diagnosis of mixed mucormycosis and aspergillosis with angioinvasion. Both patients responded to amphotericin B with surgical excision of the affected lobe in the first case.A high degree of clinical suspicion, early surgical intervention and antifungal therapy are essential in the treatment of this rare co-infection. Keywords:Aspergillosis; Mucormycosis; Bronchoscopy; Coinfection; Amphotericin B; Case Report; India.

scholarly journals Incidence of Thyroid Cancer in Thyroid Swelling, Study of 200 Cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
MA Matin ◽  
Mohammad Saiful Islam ◽  
Md Abdur Razzak ◽  
Mohosana Khanam ◽  
Md Abdullah Al Harun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Surgery ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Thyroid Malignancy ◽  
True Incidence ◽  
Thyroid Swelling

Objective: The incidence of thyroid cancer has rapidly increased in the United States (US) and other developed countries over the past 30 years but there is no study to find out the true incidence of thyroid cancer in Bangladesh. The aim of this study is to compare FNAC with histopathology reports and to find out the true incidence of thyroid malignancy in thyroidectomy patients presenting with thyroid swelling. Methods: This is a prospective study of 200 thyroid swelling patients underwent thyroid surgery done at Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital, a tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka from July 2017 to December 2020. FNAC and histopathology reports were studied to find out the incidence of benign and thyroid malignancy among the thyroid swelling. Results: The age of the patients ranged from 8 to 75 years. The mean age was 37.2 years. There were 156 female and 44 male patients with female male ratio 3.54:1. Diagnostic categorization of 200 thyroid swelling underwent surgery, FNAC based on Bathesda classification showed that 163 (81.5%) cases were cytologically benign, 37 (18.5%) cases were malignant category. Out of 200 cases histopathology showed134 cases(67.0%) are benign and 66(33.0%) are malignant thyroid swelling. Among the benign lesions96.31% are colloid goiter and among the malignant lesions 93.4% are papillary thyroid carcinoma. Conclusion: Although FNAC is an essential diagnostic test to rule out thyroid malignancy but histopathological examination is the only way to give true incidence of thyroid malignancy among the thyroid swelling and it is observed that there is high incidence of thyroid malignancy(33.0%) among the thyroid swelling patient underwent thyroid surgery. Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2021; 27(1): 12-16

scholarly journals Intestinal obstruction in a tertiary care centre in India: are the differences with the Western experience becoming less?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suvendu Sekhar Jena ◽  
Ravi Chandra Reddy Obili ◽  
Sri Aurobindo Prasad Das ◽  
Ruchir Bhavsar ◽  
Sanket Solanki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Western World ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Post Operative Complications

Abstract Background: Patients with intestinal obstruction consist of a major proportion of emergency room visits and the complication is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It has a diverse etiology and varies from region to country. In developed countries it is mainly due to adhesions and in developing countries due to obstructed hernias. Although there are numerous studies from the western world there have been few recent publications from the developing world. Method: We retrospectively analyzed all the patients admitted for intestinal obstruction to our department from January 1996 to December 2019. Their demographic data, duration of symptoms before presenting to the hospital and duration of stay before surgery in the hospital were noted along with cause and level of obstruction. The type of procedure, any post-operative complications, mortality or re-exploration were also noted. Post-operative complications were graded as per Clavien Dindo classification. Results: A total of 986 patients presented with intestinal obstruction during this period out of which 743 patients underwent surgery. There were 429 (57.74%) males 314 (42.26%) females who had a mean age of 50.1 years (range 11 to 96 years). The commonest cause of obstruction was adhesions in 273 (36.7%) followed by carcinoma [130(17.5%)], tuberculosis [111(14.9%)], stricture [94(12.7%)] and hernia (5.4%) patients. Colorectal surgery was the most common previous procedure in the adhesive group [85(31.1%)]. Colon cancer was the common cause in carcinoma group. Ileum was the most common site of obstruction [329(44.3%)]. The overall operative mortality was 41 (5.5%). Conclusion: Postoperative adhesions are now the commonest cause of intestinal obstruction in our referral center with a comparable mortality rate with western reports. Though the etiology of intestinal obstruction is shifting towards the western pattern, tuberculosis, obstructed inguinal hernia still consists a major chunk of patients in developing countries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document