Doing Language, Doing Science and the Sequential Organization of the Immersion Classroom

Abstract At the beginning of the Alpine cycle, the breakup of Pangea lead to the early stages of the North Atlantic opening. In the western Iberian sector of the European margin, the Lusitanian basin starts to evolve bordered eastwards by inherited reliefs from the late episodes of the Variscan orogeny. The base unit, the Silves Group, considered not earlier than the Carnian, is mainly siliciclastic and predominantly formed by arcosarenites to feldspar litarenites, coarse to very coarse-grained (wackes) and pebbly, where the sediment architecture denotes organizations in continental (Conraria, Penela and Castelo Viegas Formations) environments. A first marine episode (Isocyprina Beds of Pereiros Fm.) marks a significant change within the sedimentary record; the uppermost part corresponds to intertidal transitional environments (sabkha). New and detailed field work of sedimentological and structural nature that has been carried out in recent exposures from the type-region of Coimbra-Penela enabled us to make significant observations and to improve data collection. This allowed a full reinterpretation of the paleotectonic and paleogeographical conditions under which the Silves Group and, consequently, the eastern border of the Lusitanian basin, evolved. This study carried out in the type-region also allowed a better understanding of its sequential organization. All units are unconformity bounded by strong influxes of coarse siliciclastics from the Iberian meseta. One of those unconformities (D2b) is an angular unconformity with cartographic expression. Tectonic reconstructions were possible to make after a detailed structural analysis of normal synsedimentary faults. Regional comparisons with Eastern Iberian basins that evolved since Permian times are also discussed. We conclude that the lower red siliciclastic units are older than has been considered until now. Those units were formed in a previous tensional stress pattern of tardi-Variscan affinities, related to megashear dextral kinematics of Permian-Triassic age. We propose that units below D2b unconformity can record a Proto-Lusitanian basin; the Lusitanian basin is younger and evolved mainly after the Triassic-Jurassic limit (Castelo Viegas Fm.) within an E-W extensional context related to Atlantic type basins.

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Improving Performance of a Multi-Bit Arithmetic Logic Unit

Proceedings of Universities ELECTRONICS ◽

10.24151/1561-5405-2021-26-1-40-53 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 40-53

Author(s):

A.N. Yakunin ◽

◽

Aung Myo San ◽

Khant Win ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Speed ◽

Operating Time ◽

Arithmetic Logic Unit ◽

Maximum Delay ◽

Sequential Organization ◽

Quartus Ii ◽

Logic Unit

In modern microprocessors to reduce the time resources the arithmetic-logic units (ALU) with an increased organization of arithmetic carry, characterized by high speed, compared to ALU with sequential organization of the arithmetic carry, are commonly used. However, while increasing the bit number of the input operands, the operating time of ALU of ALU with the accelerated arithmetic carry increases linearly depending on the number of bits. Therefore, the development of ALU, providing higher performance than the existing known solutions, is an actual task. In this work the analysis of ALU with sequential and accelerated organization of the arithmetic carry has been performed. To increase the speed of the operation, a multi-bit ALU has been developed. The simulation of ALU circuits has been executed in Altera Quartus –II CAD environment. The comparison has been performed by the number of logical elements and the maximum delay as a result of modeling the ALU circuits for 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64 bits. A scheme for checking the results has been implemented to confirm the reliability of developed ALU. As a result, it has been found that when performing operations with the 64-bit operands, the developed ALU reduces the maximum delay by 53 % compared to ALU with sequential arithmetic carry and by 35.5 % compared to ALU with the accelerated arithmetic carry, respectively.

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Sequential Organization of Speech in Reverberant Environments by Integrating Monaural Grouping and Binaural Localization

IEEE Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing ◽

10.1109/tasl.2010.2050087 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 1856-1866 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

John Woodruff ◽

DeLiang Wang

Keyword(s):

Sequential Organization ◽

Reverberant Environments ◽

Binaural Localization

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The Effects of Major Depressive Disorder on the Sequential Organization of Information Processing Stages: An Event-Related Potential Study

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci10120935 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 935

Author(s):

Daniel Kwasi Ahorsu ◽

Ken Chung ◽

Ho Hon Wong ◽

Michael Gar Chung Yiu ◽

Yat Fung Mok ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Information Processing ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Event Related Potential ◽

First Episode ◽

Processing Strategy ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Holistic View ◽

Community Functioning ◽

Sequential Organization

The adverse effects of depression on patients’ life have been reported but information about its effects on the sequential organization of the information processing stages remains poorly understood as previous studies focused only on distinct stages. This study adds to existing knowledge by examining the effect of major depressive disorder (MDD) on the sequential organization of information processing, executive and community functioning. Fifty-seven participants with 19 participants each for first episode depression (FMDD), recurrent episodes depression (RMDD), and healthy controls (HCs) participated in this study. They completed assessments on executive and community functioning measures, and choice reaction time task (CRTT) for the event-related potential (ERP) data. Findings revealed no significant between-group difference in executive functioning but participants with depression (FMDD and RMDD) were found to be more depressed, with FMDD participants having worse community functioning skills compared with HCs. There was no significant between-group main effect on behavioral data. ERP data showed significantly less positive-going P3b among RMDD participants compared with HCs. FMDD participants used a different information processing strategy at P1, while HCs and RMDD participants used a different processing strategy at N2b compared with the other group(s), respectively. The results suggest the use of multifaceted assessment to get a holistic view of the health status of people with MDD in order to inform clinicians on the appropriate interventional strategies needed for the patient.

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Role of Single Word Variables in Recall of Statistical Approximations to English

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1966.19.2.627 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 627-634 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mari J. K. Brown

Keyword(s):

Free Recall ◽

Higher Order ◽

Order Of Approximation ◽

Single Word ◽

First Order ◽

Original Order ◽

Sequential Organization ◽

The Individual

Free recall of lists at different orders of approximation to English was compared to the recall of the same lists when the order of the words had been scrambled to destroy their sequential organization. Recall of the organized lists showed the typical improvement with increasing order of approximation. Recall of the scrambled lists was unrelated to the original order of approximation. The results indicate that increased recall with increasing order of approximation to English is not produced by systematic differences in the characteristics of the individual words comprising the approximations. When recall of the organized lists was scored in terms of the number of longer sequences present in recall, the number of recalled sequences of any given length increased as order of approximation to English increased, with the first order list showing proportionally less organization in recall than the second and higher order lists.

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Conceptual apraxia and semantic memory deficit in Alzheimer's disease: Two sides of the same coin?

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society ◽

10.1017/s1355617700666079 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 693-703 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

CATHERINE DUMONT ◽

BERNADETTE SKA ◽

YVES JOANETTE

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Model ◽

Semantic Knowledge ◽

Matching Task ◽

Semantic Matching ◽

Language Deficit ◽

Sequential Organization ◽

Action Knowledge ◽

Actual Use

This study was designed to examine the patterns of apraxic disturbances and the relationships between action knowledge and other measures of semantic knowledge about objects in 10 well-characterized Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Five tasks were used to assess components of action knowledge (action–tool relationships, pantomime recognition, and sequential organization of action) and praxis execution (actual use, pantomiming) according to the cognitive model of praxis. Three tasks (verbal comprehension, naming, and a visual semantic matching task) were used to assess verbal–visual semantics. Considering patterns of apraxia first, conceptual apraxia was found in 9 out of the 10 AD patients, suggesting that it is a common feature even in the early stages of AD. Second, we found partly parallel deficits in tests of action-semantic and verbal–visual semantic knowledge in 9 AD patients. Impaired action knowledge was found only in patients with a semantic language deficit. These findings provide no evidence that “action semantics” may be separated from other semantic information. Our results support the view of a unitary semantic system, given that the representations of action-semantic and other semantic knowledge of objects are often simultaneously disrupted in AD. (JINS, 2000, 6, 693–703.)

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Symbolic Analysis of Swimming Trajectories Reveals Scale Invariance and Provides a Model for Fish Locomotion

Fractals ◽

10.1142/s0218348x03002166 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 11 (03) ◽

pp. 233-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Philippe Faure ◽

Heike Neumeister ◽

Donald S. Faber ◽

Henri Korn

Keyword(s):

Power Laws ◽

Discrete Events ◽

Fish Locomotion ◽

Sequential Organization ◽

Normal Behavior ◽

The Matrix ◽

Specific Locus ◽

Kinematic Measures ◽

Swimming Trajectories ◽

Pharmacological Manipulations

We have questioned whether a complex behavior, such as fish swimming, can be better described quantitatively as a sequence of discrete events or states than with classical kinematic measures which can be compromised by inherent variability. Here, the different states, expressed as combinations of symbols, were defined on the basis of the animal's location (A: periphery, and B: inner part of the aquarium) and speed (Fast and Slow). We observed that the distributions of time intervals spent in the successive states were not gaussian. Rather, they were fit by power laws associated with an underlying Lévy-like process which has more long intervals, primarily due to prolonged periods of relative inactivity. Furthermore, our data suggest that the swimming behavior can be attributed to interactions between two intrinsic systems. One is represented by the matrix of transition of probabilities between states and controls their sequential organization while the second, which is defined by interval distributions, determines the time spent in each state. This kinetic model detects subtle effects of low doses of neuroactive compounds, and identifies their specific locus of action. We propose that this paradigm can be applied to characterize normal behavior and its modifications by genetic or pharmacological manipulations.

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