Does Local Elite Capture Vary by Levels of Political Connections? Evidence from an Indian Public Housing Program

Author(s):  
Sitakanta Panda
Author(s):  
Yurnal Yurnal ◽  
Anis Shafika Binti Saiful Adli

The purpose of this study was to describe public perceptions of people’s housing programs for handling slums in Malaysia. Malaysia has begun organizing and fostering communities that have lived in slums since 1998 in the 'slum-free Malaysia vision 2005' program, and today Malaysia can be said to have successfully resolved slums, through public housing programs. The type of research used is this research is descriptive qualitative, using accidental sampling as sampling technique. Data collection methods used are interview and documentation methods, with research instruments in the form of interview guidelines. The results showed that the community strongly agreed with the existence of The People’s Housing Program (PPR), especially for the lower middle class and poor people in Malaysia. This program is able to realize the dream of the poor to be able to have a place to live that is suitable for living with family. Furthermore, the program itself is acknowledged by the community as being able to deal with slum settlements in Malaysia, and the poor who are biased in occupying slum areas voluntarily move to the houses provided by this PPR. So, people's perception of the Public Housing Program is very supportive especially to deal with slums in Malaysia.


2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvin Wyly ◽  
James DeFilippis

In American popular discourse and policy debates, “public housing” conjures images of “the projects”—dysfunctional neighborhood imprints of a discredited welfare state. Yet this image, so important in justifying deconcentration, is a dangerous caricature of the diverse places where low–income public housing residents live, and it ignores a much larger public housing program—the $100 billion–plus annual mortgage interest tax concessions to (mostly) wealthy homeowners. in this article, we measure three spatial aspects of assisted housing, poverty, and wealth in New York City. First, local indicators of spatial association document a contingent link between assistance and poverty: vouchers are not consistently associated with poverty deconcentration. Second, spatial regressions confirm this result after controlling for racial segregation and spatial autocorrelation. Third, factor analyses and cluster classifications reveal a rich, complex neighborhood topography of poverty, wealth, and housing subsidy that defies the simplistic stereotypes of policy and popular discourse.


Author(s):  
Alex Schwartz

Public housing and rental vouchers constitute two distinct forms of housing subsidy in the United States. Public housing, the nation’s oldest housing program for low-income renters provides affordable housing to about 1.2 million households in developments ranging in size from a single unit to multibuilding complexes with hundreds of apartments. The Housing Choice Voucher Program, founded more than 35 years after the start of public housing is now the nation’s largest rental subsidy program. It enables around 2 million low-income households to rent privately owned housing anywhere in the country. Although both programs provide low-income households with “deep” subsidies that ensure they spend no more than 30 percent of their adjusted income on rent, and both are operated by local public housing authorities, they offer distinct advantages and disadvantages. This chapter reviews and compares the two programs, examining their design, evolution, and strengths and weaknesses, including issues of racial segregation and concentrated poverty.


2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander von Hoffman

President Lyndon Johnson declared the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968 to be “the most farsighted, the most comprehensive, the most massive housing program in all American history.” To replace every slum dwelling in the country within ten years, the act turned from public housing, the government-run program started in the 1930s, toward private-sector programs using both nonprofit and for-profit companies. As a result, since its passage, for-profit businesses have developed the great majority of low-income residences in the United States. The law also helped popularize the idea of “public-private partnerships,” collaborations of government agencies and non-government entities—including for-profit companies—for social and urban improvements. Remarkably, political liberals supported the idea that private enterprise carry out social-welfare programs. This article examines the reasons that Democratic officials, liberals, and housing industry leaders united to create a decentralized, ideologically pluralistic, and redundant system for low-income housing. It shows that frustrations with the public housing program, the response to widespread violence in the nation's cities, and the popularity of corporate America pushed the turn toward the private sector. The changes in housing and urban policy made in the late 1960s, the article concludes, helped further distinguish the American welfare state and encourage the rise of neoliberalism in the United States.


2017 ◽  
pp. 109-121
Author(s):  
Antenora Maria Da Mata Siqueira ◽  
Juliana Nazareno Mendes ◽  
Alex José Lemos Filho

RESUMOOs desastres relacionados às águas, ocorridos no Brasil, aprofundaram e ampliaram as pesquisas sobre tais fenômenos. Este artigo analisa os conflitos decorrentes da resposta do governo da cidade de Campos dos Goytacazes/RJ às consequências dos desastres: o programa de habitação popular “Morar Feliz”. Realizaram-se levantamentos bibliográficos, coleta de dados em órgãos públicos e entrevistas com moradores reassentados. Os resultados indicam a existência de conflito de interesses que opõem os moradores que reivindicam ficar no bairro em que residem, ou próximo a ele, e o governo municipal, que promove a expansão urbana em áreas com insuficiência de infraestrutura urbana.Palavras-Chave: desastres ambientais, habitação popular, risco.RESUMENLos desastres relacionados con el agua que ocurrieron en Brasil profundizaron y ampliaron las investigaciones sobre estos fenómenos. En este artículo se analizan los conflictos que surgen como resultado de la respuesta del gobierno de la ciudad de Campos dos Goytacazes / RJ frente a las consecuencias de los desastres: el programa de vivienda pública "Morar Feliz". La investigación se basó en la literatura sobre el tema, en recolección de datos en los organismos públicos y en entrevistas con residentes reasentados. Los resultados indican la existencia de conflictos de intereses que oponen a los residentes que pretenden permanecer en el distrito en el que residen, o al menos cerca; al gobierno municipal, que promueve la expansión urbana en las zonas con insuficiencia de infraestructura urbana.Palabras Clave: Desastres ambientales, viviendas públicas, riesgo.ABSTRACTWater-related disasters occurred in Brazil deepened and expanded researches on such phenomena. This article analyzes the conflicts arising from the response of the government of the city of Campos dos Goytacazes / RJ concerning the consequences of these disasters: the public housing program "Morar Feliz". There were conducted bibliographic researches, data collection in public entities and interviews with residents resettled. The results indicate the existence of conflict of interests that opposes residents who claim to stay in the district in which they reside, or close to it; and the municipal government, which promotes urban sprawl in areas with lack of urban infrastructure.Keywords: Environmental disasters, public housing, risk.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-30
Author(s):  
Hager Abdel-Rahman ◽  
Yasser Elsayed ◽  
Doaa Abouelmagd

Public housing provision is one of the most urgent problems in Egypt; over the last 70 years, the leading provider was the state, problems were coping with the high demand, as well as the quality of the units concerning household's requirements.This paper discusses and analyzes the development of the international housing policies for low-income categories, from direct provision to sustainable integrated approach, compared to Egypt's public housing policies, governance modes during the last 70 years. This paper divides this period into four main phases according to the state political and economic approach in each phase, starting with the first intention for public housing projects through socialism, passing by the open door policy, capitalism, and the variety of housing schemes. Finally, the state initiatives after 2011 through the national social housing program.


2017 ◽  
pp. 122-135
Author(s):  
Teresa de Jesus Peixoto Faria ◽  
Maria Alice Ribeiro de Oliveira Pohlman

RESUMOO presente artigo discute a prática de remoção relacionada à implantação dos programas habitacionais e de renovação urbana, no Brasil, e seus impactos sociais e espaciais, em particular do programa Morar Feliz da Prefeitura Municipal de Campos dos Goytacazes. Estudamos o processo de remoção na “favela” Goiabal, considerada área de risco, pois está assentada às margens do rio Paraíba do Sul. A maioria das construções foi demolida e seus moradores removidos para o conjunto habitacional Morar Feliz no bairro Novo Jockey. Algumas famílias resistiram e permanecem morando no local, justificando apego ao lugar, relação com o rio – muitos são pescadores – proximidade da família, do emprego. Consideramos que os movimentos de resistência podem ser inseridos na história geral das favelas, que sendo frutos do processo de urbanização desigual, integram a paisagem de quase todas as cidades brasileiras. Este artigo discute o Programa Morar Feliz e os movimentos de resistência na favela do Goiabal, a partir do relato daqueles que vivenciaram a remoção e resistiram a ela, enfatizando suas estratégias de apropriação e usos do espaço - tanto físico, como social - e seus reflexos na afirmação da identidade do grupo e do lugar onde habitam e, por conseguinte, da cidade.Palavras-Chave: favela, política habitacional, remoção, injustiça socioespacial. RESUMENEl presente artículo discute la práctica de desplazamientos relacionados con la implantación de los programas de viviendas públicas y de renovación urbana en Brasil y sus impactos sociales y espaciales, particularizados para el Programa municipal Mora Feliz (Vivir Feliz) del Ayuntamiento de Campos dos Goytacazes. Estudiamos el proceso de desalojamiento/expulsión en la favela llamada Goiabal, situada en una área de riesgo, pues están asentados en los márgenes del Rio Paraíba do Sul, con el consiguiente riesgo de inundación. La gran mayoría de las construcciones, fueron demolidas y sus moradores fueron desalojados hasta un conjunto residencial Morar Feliz en el barrio Novo Jockey. Algunas familias resistieron e continuaron en sus viviendas por sus raíces y su relación con el Rio Paraíba do Sul- ya que muchos son pescadores-, y por la proximidad con sus familias y por trabajo. Consideramos que los movimientos de resistencia pueden ser incluidos dentro de la historia general de las favelas, que siendo fruto de un proceso de urbanización desigual, integran el paisaje de casi todas las ciudades brasileñas. Este articulo discute el programa Morar Feliz y los movimientos de resistencia en la favela Goiabal, a partir de los relatos de aquellos que vivieron el desalojo y resistieron a ella, acentuando sus estrategias de apropiación y uso del espacio-tanto físico, como social- y sus reflejos en la afirmación de la identidad del grupo y del lugar donde habitan y por consiguiente, de la ciudad.Palabras Clave: : Favela, política de viviendas públicas, desplazamientos, injusticia socio-espacial ABSTRACTThe present article discuss the practice of removal procedures related to the implement of the Public Housing Programs and urban renewal, in Brazil, and its social and spatial impacts, in particular the Morar Feliz Program, from Prefeitura Municipal de Campos dos Goytacazes. We study the process of removal on Goiabal “slum”, considered as a risk area, because is seated on the shore of Paraíba do Sul river. The most of the buildings was demolished and its habitants were removed to the Public Housing Morar Feliz in the Novo Jockey district. Some families resisted and keep on living at the place, justifying addiction to the place, relation with the river – many of them are fishermen – proximity to the family and to the job. We consider that the resistance movements can be inserted on the slums general historie, that being results of the segregating and inequal urbanization process, belongs to the landscape of almost all brazilian cities. This article discuss the Morar Feliz Program and the resistance movements on Goiabal “slum” from the report of those that experienced the removal and resisted to it, emphasizing their strategies of appropriation and uses of the space – both physical and social – and their reflections on Group Identity Affirmation and of the place where they live and, by consequence, of the city.Keywords: Slum, Housing Policy, removal, sociospatial injustice


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