scholarly journals The plight of migrants during COVID-19 and the impact of circular migration in India: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshy Jesline ◽  
John Romate ◽  
Eslavath Rajkumar ◽  
Allen Joshua George
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Circular Migration ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAs per the reports of WHO, the COVID-19, first reported in December 2019, put the whole world in an unprecedented crisis and lingering uncertainty with innumerable deaths, generalised economic depression, unemployment, quarantine, unavoidable lockdown, and travel-ban that was imposed globally as a necessity to tackle the pandemic. Among the populace, the migrants were found to be one of the most vulnerable groups in this lockdown, as their very livelihood came to a complete standstill. This review-paper aims to investigate in detail the multiple facets of adversities the migrants went through in India during the lockdown and the socio-psychological impact of circular migration. Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, studies on migrant workers during COVID-19 and on circular migration were searched. Database searches on Scopus, PubMed, and PsychNet and manual searches on Google Scholar were carried out. From the initially identified 15,697 articles, 15 articles that met the inclusion criteria were chosen for review. The findings highlight the different plight of the migrants, who had the pressing need to head back home to safety despite the acute financial crisis and the travel problems. The poor quality of the relief camps with meagre rations and lack of facilities especially put the women and children in distress and generated a lot of psychosocial issues. The present study urges the mental health-care professionals to groom themselves for facing the challenges of a surge in mental illnesses by taking necessary measures. It also emphasises the need to establish a strong ethical alliance between the local population, health systems, local government mechanisms, and human rights associations in order to take a relook at the national migration policies.

scholarly journals Psychological Impact of Novel Coronavirus Covid-19 Across the Globe-A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-173
Author(s):  
Sadaf Shaheen ◽  
Iram Asim ◽  
Rida Zainab ◽  
Humaira Yasmeen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact

The recent outbreaks of novel coronavirus disease have unprecedent impact on mental health of patients, front-line healthcare workers and local population. However, the impact is not fully documented. This review explores stress-driven factors, stress-vulnerable groups and stress management interventions. Repetitive exposure to mass media and inappropriate health protective measures has heightened stress responses. Fear of not getting recovered from COVID-19 and disaffection has profound impact of infected individuals and their families. They may experience fear, anxiety, anger, sleep deprives and anorexia which may weakens their immune system thus making them vulnerable to COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored potential gaps in mental health services during emergencies. Remote (telephone and internet) and onsite medical services with self-help coping strategies should be introduced. Although psychological interventions may overburden health care facilities and tax available resources but for effective prevention of COVID-19 both physical and mental fitness are mandatory. Effective risk communication in public health emergency is fundamental to prevent or reduce the crisis.

Syrian refugees in seasonal agricultural work: a case of adverse incorporation in Turkey

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 33-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinem Kavak
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Agricultural Work ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Migrant Work ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis article examines how the labor market in seasonal migrant work in agriculture in Turkey has changed with the influx of refugees from Syria. Based on both qualitative and quantitative fieldwork in ten provinces of Turkey, the article discusses precarity in seasonal migrant work in agriculture and the impact of the entry of refugees on this labor market. The analysis of precariousness of both Turkish-citizen migrant workers and refugees suggests that precarity is a relational phenomenon. The multifaceted vulnerabilities of groups in the lower echelons of the labor market resonate with one another and the adverse incorporation of vulnerable groups into the labor market pushes the market in a more insecure and informal direction.

scholarly journals Psychological responses and lifestyle changes among pregnant women with respect to the early stages of COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
pp. 002076402095211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingfei Zhang ◽  
Zheng Feei Ma
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a profound impact on health and well-being of populations. However, there are limited studies that have investigated the psychological aspects of vulnerable groups including pregnant women amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we aimed to assess the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among Chinese pregnant women from February 2020 until March 2020. Methods: Our study was conducted using a modified validated online questionnaire comprising of sociodemographic, the Impact of Event Scale (IES), attitude and mental health-related questions towards COVID-19. Results: A total of 560 women were included. The overall mean age and IES of women was 25.8 ± 2.7 years and 31.4 ± 13.7. Moreover, 67.1% of them had IES ⩾26. Psychological impact seemed to be more severe in women in second trimester of pregnancy (the highest IES) ( p = .016). There was a significant association between trimesters of pregnancy and some indicators of negative health impacts (including increased stress from work, increased stress from home, feeling apprehensive and helpless during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic) (all p < .05). Conclusions: Our results reported moderate-to-severe stressful impact among Chinese pregnant women. We recommend that appropriate measures should be taken to address the maternal mental health issues.

scholarly journals Post-Acute COVID-19 Neurological Syndrome: A New Medical Challenge

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1947
Author(s):  
Domenico Nuzzo ◽  
Sonya Vasto ◽  
Luca Scalisi ◽  
Salvatore Cottone ◽  
Gaetano Cambula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Brain Inflammation ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
The Impact

In December 2019, in Wuhan (China), a highly pathogenic coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2, dramatically emerged. This new virus, which causes severe pneumonia, is rapidly spreading around the world, hence it provoked the COVID-19 pandemic. This emergency launched by SARS-CoV-2 also had, and still has, devastating socio-economic aspects. Assessing the impact of COVID-19 on vulnerable groups of people is crucial for the adaptation of governments’ responses. Growing scientific evidence suggests that it is essential to keep the attention on people after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection; indeed, some clinical manifestations are frequently present even after recovery. There is consensus on the need to define which symptoms persist after the infection and which disabilities may arise after COVID-19. Recent reviews, case reports, and original contributions suggest that various organs may be affected, and neurological symptoms are present in about one third of patients with COVID-19. Neurological complications after severe COVID-19 infection might include delirium, brain inflammation, stroke, and nerve damage. In the recent pandemic, neurologists and neurobiologists have a chance to study key features of infection neurology. Furthermore, the psychological impact of the pandemic should not be underestimated, although there is currently no definition for this condition.

scholarly journals Cross-roads for meta-analysis and network meta-analysis of H. pylori therapy

Gut ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. gutjnl-2021-326170
Author(s):  
David Y Graham ◽  
Ruben Hernaez ◽  
Theodore Rokkas
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Phenotypic Heterogeneity ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Cure Rates

Helicobacter pylori infections are responsible for tremendous morbidity and mortality worldwide, leading to efforts to eradicate the organism. However, the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy has been undermined by the progressive development of antimicrobial resistance. Treatments and treatment guidelines have been based on traditional pairwise meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials. More recently, network meta-analyses have also been used in an attempt to provide useful information to the clinician regarding which therapies appear best and which to avoid as the least efficacious. However, both forms of meta-analysis have been undermined by the same problems including the poor quality of the clinical trials using unoptimised regimens and incomparable comparisons related to marked geographic and ethnic genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity. In addition, the comparator regimens often consist of invalid strawman comparisons. New approaches concerning H. pylori treatment and analysis of therapies are needed. H. pylori therapies should be based on antimicrobial stewardship, as in other infectious diseases. This approach requires the use of only optimised therapies proven to be reliably highly effective in the local population (eg, a cure rate of >90%) for both the study and the comparator regimens. Meta-analyses should be restricted to regimens that meet these criteria and must take into account the presence of marked geographical and host genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. In addition, to provide clinically relevant results, treatment outcomes should focus on, and present, actual cure rates in addition to odd ratios.

scholarly journals Impact of the Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19) Lockdown on Mental Health and Well-Being in the United Arab Emirates

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Cheikh Ismail ◽  
Maysm N. Mohamad ◽  
Mo'ath F. Bataineh ◽  
Abir Ajab ◽  
Amina M. Al-Marzouqi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

United Arab Emirates (UAE) has taken unprecedented precautionary measures including complete lockdowns against COVID-19 to control its spread and ensure the well-being of individuals. This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 and societal lockdown measures on the mental health of adults in the UAE. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an English and Arabic online questionnaire between May and June 2020. The psychological impact was assessed by the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), and the social and family support impact was evaluated using questions from the Perceived Support Scale (PSS). A total of 4,426 participants (3,325 females and 1,101 males) completed the questionnaire. The mean IES-R score was 28.0 ± 14.6, reflecting a mild stressful impact with 27.3% reporting severe psychological impact. Over 36% reported increased stress from work, home and financial matters. Also, 43–63% of the participants felt horrified, apprehensive or helpless due to COVID-19. Females, younger participants, part-timers, and college or University graduates were more likely to have a high IES-R score (p &lt; 0.05). The majority of participants reported receiving increased support from family members, paying more attention to their mental health, and spending more time to rest and relax. The results of this study demonstrate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health among the UAE residents and highlight the need to adopt culturally appropriate interventions for the general population and vulnerable groups, such as females and younger adults.

scholarly journals The impact of internal and external migration on demography, economy and interethnic relations in the Republic of Dagestan

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-152
Author(s):  
Aslanbek Z. Adiev
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Local Population ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Expert Survey ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

This article, based on data from an expert survey, describes and interprets data from statistical observations together with the results of a mass survey conducted in the Republic of Dagestan, which was undertaken in order to study the regional characteristics of internal (within the country) and external (international) migration. It was discovered that regional migration processes, as perceived by the masses in Dagestan, reflect the statistical data, which shows a mechanical decline in the population due to a migratory exchange with other regions within the country, as well as a minor influx of migrant workers from nearby foreign countries. The main directions of internal migration for Dagestan’s residents appear to be highly developed in terms of their socio-economic situation regions such as Moscow and the cities of West Siberia. The material from the expert survey allows for meaningfully interpreting the characteristics of how such a factor as migration affects the demographic, socio-economic and sociopolitical aspects of life in Dagestan. Dagestan’s people’s firmly established outlook on the positive influence of migration on the region’s socio-economic situation, which supposedly decreases tension on the local labor market, is complemented by a notion that preserving such a tendency would create demographic risks in the long term such as aging of the population and a decrease in the birthrate. The majority of Dagestan’s residents are not yet concerned with the influx of immigrants, with the local population showing a high degree of tolerance in regards to external migrants. The article argues that such a tolerant and friendly attitude towards migrants has to do with both the modest amount of non-transit migrants in Dagestan and the fact that they tend to be similar to most peoples of Dagestan in terms of their socio-cultural profile, them being ethnic Muslims. Regardless, the demand for the government to implement measures aimed at the social adaptation and cultural integration of migrants (mainly teaching said migrants the Russian language and basic information on Russian legislation) is present even in Dagestan’s society, which is accustomed to ethnical and confessional diversity.

Dermatologists, Acne and Psychological Counseling

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S521-S522
Author(s):  
C. Rebelo-Neves ◽  
C. Amaral Dias ◽  
J. Torgal
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Close Collaboration ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Hormonal Factors ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionIn psychotherapeutic clinic, patients without visible marks of acne report this experience with great emotional charge, even when it occurred many years before.ObjectivesThis observation arose the interest in investigating the psychological impact of acne, which led us to find out what acneic subjects think of their disease, how they deal with it and, simultaneously, evaluate the beliefs of dermatologists on it. The present work is part of an investigation whose aim is to develop a program for the promotion of skills to deal with acne and its effects.MethodsThe inventory of beliefs, behaviours and treatment of acne – ICA – was developed through the content analysis of non-structured interviews to health care professionals and to patients with acne and/or who had it. This inventory was applied to a convenience sample (n = 367), to a university sample (n = 1666) and to a sample of 95 dermatologists – the 16 questions related to the beliefs on acne.ResultsWe found general agreement with some statements. Most respondents agree with a group of statements, though opinions are divided. Most respondents “disagree” or “disagree more than agree” with “…ingestion of chocolates or dairy products would cause acne”. Finally, there is no consensus about “…caused by the combination of psychological and hormonal factors”.ConclusionsFurther studies are needed, on the impact of acne in patient's quality of life. We also found great interest of promoting a close collaboration between dermatologists and psychology.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Differences in Reactions to Media Reporting of a Celebrity Suicide Between Emotionally Distressed and Nondistressed Individuals in Taiwan

Crisis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Yeh Chen ◽  
Chi-Wei Tsai ◽  
Shu-Sen Chang ◽  
Yu-Hsuan Lin ◽  
Ying-Chen Chi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Impact ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Media Reporting ◽  
Celebrity Suicide ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Background: The differences in emotional reactions toward media reports of celebrity suicides between distressed and non-distressed individuals have rarely been explored. Aim: We aimed to explore differences in reaction patterns to the news coverage of a celebrity’s suicide between distressed and nondistressed individuals in Taiwan. Method: We conducted an Internet survey to assess the impact of the news coverage of a celebrity’s suicide. A series of χ2 tests, Spearman’s rank correlations, and logistic regression analyses were performed to compare the differences in emotional involvement and psychological impact after exposure to suicide news between distressed and nondistressed individuals. Results: A total of 1,258 Internet users responded to the survey (236 men and 1,020 women). Compared with nondistressed individuals, distressed individuals ( n = 537) were more likely to feel suicidal (11% vs. 2%, p < .001) after reading the news. They were less willing to seek help when in need (62% vs. 77%, p < .001). All the variables remained significant after adjustment for sociodemographic variables in regression analyses. Limitations: The Internet-based survey may suffer from selection bias. Conclusion: Extensive media reporting of suicide stories has a profound impact on readers, particularly on vulnerable groups. Responsible reporting of suicide incidents is crucial for suicide prevention.

scholarly journals Psychological correlates of COVID-19 pandemic in the Austrian population

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Traunmüller ◽  
Rene Stefitz ◽  
Kerstin Gaisbachgrabner ◽  
Andreas Schwerdtfeger
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Psychological Correlates ◽  
Austrian Population ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background COVID-19 poses the greatest challenge for the entire world since the Second World War. Governments are forced to define strict measures to avoid the spreading of the virus, which may further impose psychological burden for the majority of the population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychological distress in Austria during the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods From 25 March to 3 April 2020, an anonymous online survey was conducted. Target group included all members of the Austrian population older than 16 years. The survey addressed the following areas (1) and sociodemographic data, (2) physical and mental health; (3) knowledge and concerns about COVID-19; (4) contact with infected people; (5) prevention efforts; (6) need for further information. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were used to assess mental health. Analyses were based on 4126 individuals (74% female, age: M = 38.68, SD = 13.36). Results 43.3% rated the psychological impact as moderate (5.6%) or severe (37.7%). 26.5% reported moderate (13.3%) to severe (13.2%) depression; 20.3% moderate (8.9%) to severe (11.4%) anxiety and 21.2% reported to suffer from moderate (10.5%) or severe stress (10.7%). Being female, higher age, lower levels of education, concern about family members, internet as main source of information, student or pupil status, poor self-rated health, and downplaying the seriousness of the problem were significantly associated with higher psychological burden. Protective factors were the possibility to work in home office, frequent (indirect) contact with family or friends, the availability of virus-specific information, confidence in the diagnosis capability, and physical activity during the crisis. Conclusion This study is among the first in Europe on the psychological correlates of the COVID-19 pandemic. 37.7% of the Austrian study population reported a severe psychological impact on the event and 1 in 10 is considered to suffer from severe depression, anxiety or stress. The present findings inform about the identification of protective factors, psychologically vulnerable groups and may guide the development of psychological interventions.

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