scholarly journals Trends of Occupational Fatal and Nonfatal Injuries in Electrical and Mechanical Specialty Contracting Sectors: Necessity for a Learning Investigation System

2021 ◽  
Vol 147 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Jalil Al-Bayati ◽  
Maha Al-Kasasbeh ◽  
Ibukun Awolusi ◽  
Osama Abudayyeh ◽  
Tariq Umar
Keyword(s):  
Nonfatal Injuries

Analyzing steam transfer though various flame-retardant fabric assemblies in radiant heat exposure

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 853-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Su ◽  
Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Radiation ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Fabric System ◽  
Layered Fabric ◽  
Nonfatal Injuries

Protection from steam burns is beneficial to reduce the nonfatal injuries of firefighters in firefighting and rescue operations. A new multifunctional testing apparatus was employed to study heat and steam transfer in protective clothing under low-pressure steam and low-level thermal radiation. Single-, double-, and triple-layered fabric assemblies were selected in this experiment. It is indicated that the existence of hot steam weakens the positive influence of the fabric’s thickness, but increases the importance of the air permeability on the thermal protection. The fabric assemblies entrapping moisture barrier can better resist the penetration of steam through the fabric system, and significantly improve the thermal protection in low steam and thermal radiation exposure due to the low air permeability. Additionally, the total transmitted energy ( Qe) and dry thermal energy ( Qd) under low steam and thermal radiation are dramatically larger than that under thermal radiation ( p < 0.05), while hot steam insignificantly reduces the thermal energy during the cooling ( p = 0.143 > 0.05). The understanding of steam heat transfer helps to provide proper guidance to improve the thermal protection of the firefighter’s clothing and reduce steam burns.

scholarly journals Nonfatal Injuries Among Middle-School and High-School Students in Guangxi, China

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (11) ◽  
pp. 1989-1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanmin Chen ◽  
Gary A. Smith ◽  
Shusong Deng ◽  
Sarah Grim Hostetler ◽  
Huiyun Xiang
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Middle School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Nonfatal Injuries

scholarly journals The burden of injury in Brazil, 2003

2006 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 208-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilma Pinheiro Gawryszewski ◽  
Eugênia Maria Silveira Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
National Data ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Intentional Injuries ◽  
Injury Mortality ◽  
Unintentional Falls ◽  
Nonfatal Injuries ◽  
Nonfatal Injury ◽  
Fatal Injuries

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Since 1980, injuries have been the second biggest cause of death among the Brazilian population. This study aimed to analyze national data on fatal injuries and nonfatal injury hospitalization in Brazil, for 2003. DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a population-based descriptive study, Brazil, 2003. METHODS: Data from 126,520 fatal injuries and 733,712 nonfatal injuries seen at public hospitals were analyzed. The data were stratified by sex, age, intent and injury mechanism. Raw and age- and sex-specific rates were calculated per 100,000 individuals. RESULTS: The raw injury mortality rate was 71.5/100,000 (122.6/100,000 for male and 22.0/100,000 for female). For fatal injuries, the proportions of unintentional and intentional injuries were equal (44.3% and 46.9%, respectively). Homicides were the leading cause, 40.3% overall (28.8/100,000), followed by transport-related deaths, 26.2% overall (17.0/100,000). For nonfatal injuries, the rate was 414.8/100,000 and unintentional injuries were predominant (88.9%). Overall, the leading cause was unintentional falls, accounting for 42.6% of victims treated in public hospitals (176.8/100,000). Transport-related injuries were second: 15.0% overall; 62.0/100,000. Fractures comprised 46.7% of principal diagnoses at hospitals. The injury types in the fatal and nonfatal datasets varied according to sex and age. The highest rates were found among young males and elderly people. CONCLUSIONS: Injury prevention activities need to be developed. To prevent deaths, homicide has to be addressed. Among hospitalized cases, falls are the most important problem. Traffic-related injuries play an important role in morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Value of Injuries in the Northridge Earthquake

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 555-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Porter ◽  
Kim Shoaf ◽  
Hope Seligson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Northridge Earthquake ◽  
Confidence Bounds ◽  
Earthquake Research ◽  
Future Earthquake ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Nonfatal Injuries ◽  
The U.S ◽  
1994 Northridge Earthquake

The economic equivalent value of deaths and injuries in the 1994 Northridge earthquake has not previously been calculated, although number of injuries by category of treatment has. Using dollar-equivalent values for injuries accepted and used by the U.S. government for evaluating the cost-effectiveness of risk-mitigation efforts, the value of injuries in the 1994 Northridge earthquake is estimated to be $1.3 to 2.2 billion in 1994 (90% confidence bounds, equivalent to $1.8 to 2.9 billion in 2005). This is equivalent to 3–4% of the estimated $50 billion (in 1994) estimated direct capital losses and direct business interruption losses. If injuries in the 1994 Northridge earthquake are representative of injuries in future U.S. events, then the economic value of future earthquake injuries—the amount that the U.S. government would deem appropriate to expend to prevent all such injuries—is on the order of $200 million per year (in 2005 constant dollars). Of this figure, 96% is associated with nonfatal injuries, an issue overlooked by current experimental research. Given the apparently high cost of this type of loss, this appears to represent an important gap in the present earthquake research agenda.

scholarly journals Work-related nonfatal injuries in Alaska’s aviation industry, 2000–2013

2018 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha L. Case ◽  
Kyle M. Moller ◽  
Nancy A. Nix ◽  
Devin L. Lucas ◽  
Elizabeth H. Snyder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Nonfatal Injuries

Risk Perception and Probability

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara E. Gorman ◽  
Jack M. Gorman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
The United States ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Real Risk ◽  
Serious Injury ◽  
Elementary Statistics ◽  
Nonfatal Injuries

Each day, when you take your morning shower, you face a 1 in 1,000 chance of serious injury or even death from a fall. You might at first think that each time you get into the shower your chance of a fall and serious injury is 1 in 1,000 and therefore there is very little to worry about. That is probably because you remember that someone once taught you the famous coin-flip rule of elementary statistics: because each toss is an independent event, you have a 50% chance of heads each time you flip. But in this case you would be wrong. The actual chance of falling in the shower is additive. This is known in statistics as the “law of large numbers.” If you do something enough times, even a rare event will occur. Hence, if you take 1,000 showers you are almost assured of a serious injury—about once every 3 years for a person who takes a shower every day. Of course, serious falls are less common than that because of a variety of intervening factors. Nevertheless, according to the CDC, mishaps near the bathtub, shower, toilet, and sink caused an estimated 234,094 nonfatal injuries in the United States in 2008 among people at least 15 years old. In 2009, there were 10.8 million traffic accidents and 35,900 deaths due to road fatalities in the United States. The CDC estimates a 1-in-100 lifetime chance of dying in a traffic accident and a 1-in-5 lifetime chance of dying from heart disease. But none of these realities affect our behaviors very much. We don’t take very many (if any) precautions when we shower. We text, eat, talk on the phone, and zone out while driving, paying little attention to the very real risk we pose to ourselves (and others) each time we get in the car. And we keep eating at McDonald’s and smoking cigarettes, completely disregarding the fact that these behaviors could eventually affect our health in extreme and fatal ways. On the other hand, there is zero proven risk of death as a result of the diphtheria- tetanus- pertussis (DTP) vaccine.

Initial Approach to the Management of Multisystem Trauma

2019 ◽  
pp. 397-401
Author(s):  
David S. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Trauma Center ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Level Ii ◽  
Level I ◽  
Nonfatal Injuries ◽  
Injured Patients

Nearly 200,000 people die of injury-related causes in the United States each year, and injury is the leading cause of death for all patients aged 1 to 44 years. Approximately 30 million people sustain nonfatal injuries each year, which results in about 29 million emergency department visits and 3 million hospital admissions. Management of severely injured patients, typically defined as having an Injury Severity Score greater than 15 is best managed in a level I or level II trauma center. Any physician who provides care for critically ill patients should have a basic familiarity with the fundamentals of trauma care.

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