Study of the production structures elements during the production program and the production cycle changing

Author(s):  
Zh. A. Barabash ◽  
N. N. Konovalova ◽  
A. V. Molchansky ◽  
T. N. Nichushkina
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
N. Kovalenko ◽  
◽  
O. Labenko ◽  
V. Kovalenko ◽  
M. Klymenko ◽  
...  

Ukrainian fertile lands and favorable climate conditions provide enormous opportunities for the agricultural sector development and formation of a highly efficient economic cluster. With a practical management approach, the agricultural potential could meet domestic needs and form a significant part of export earnings. The volume and quality of agri-food may satisfy not only internal food security but also contribute to the European, Asian and African. However, due to the longer production cycle compared to industry, agricultural enterprises at the stage of choosing a production program can not anticipate and respond quickly to changes in market conditions, increasing the competitiveness of goods and attractiveness to consumers based on existing production schemes. Therefore, the primary purpose of our study is to create a roadmap of management decisions when planning a production program through efficiency evaluation of growing winter wheat in a typical farm in Central Ukraine. For this purpose, we opt for a methodology based on marginal revenue, total costs, production and profitability thresholds along with payback of production factors. Due to climate change, the importance of growing winter crops is becoming increasingly essential and superior attention should be paid to improving their economic efficiency. Thus, the problem and relevance of the article is due to the requirements for sustainable successful operation of agricultural enterprises in a market environment and, therefore, the feasibility of using available calculation methods to assess the economic efficiency of production to facilitate management decision-making.


Author(s):  
Андрій Федоров ◽  
Павло Нотовський ◽  
Андреа Елізабет Передрій

The distribution of the production program of many production options for planned periods of various durations is relevant for modern production. The specificity of this production is that from the same parts, assemblies (assembly units), many modifications and sizes of products can be assembled to satisfy more consumers. The complexes of work on individual products is neither a repetition of each other, nor completely different, but have some similarities and individual differences, and the production time is less than the planned period. In the work, the authors expressed the opinion that if the duration of the production cycle is less than the planned period, then the structural and technological features of individual products cannot be ignored in the tasks of distributing the production program (volume-calendar planning tasks). This statement is erroneous. Using such specifics, it is possible to improve the economic indicators of such production, and we have shown in this paper. The combination of similar structural and technological products in separate planning periods increases the specialization of production in separate periods, reduces losses from equipment downtime, increases labor productivity and reduces the load on the operating manager by reducing the number of planning and accounting units in each period. In the work, proximity measures are proposed based on the known similarity coefficients, since it is more convenient to algorithmize the distribution process of the production program. The authors proved that the proposed measures correspond to the Frechet axiomatics.


2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 1199-1211
Author(s):  
Jennifer Parker ◽  
Kristen Miller ◽  
Yulei He ◽  
Paul Scanlon ◽  
Bill Cai ◽  
...  

The National Center for Health Statistics is assessing the usefulness of recruited web panels in multiple research areas. One research area examines the use of close-ended probe questions and split-panel experiments for evaluating question-response patterns. Another research area is the development of statistical methodology to leverage the strength of national survey data to evaluate, and possibly improve, health estimates from recruited panels. Recruited web panels, with their lower cost and faster production cycle, in combination with established population health surveys, may be useful for some purposes for statistical agencies. Our initial results indicate that web survey data from a recruited panel can be used for question evaluation studies without affecting other survey content. However, the success of these data to provide estimates that align with those from large national surveys will depend on many factors, including further understanding of design features of the recruited panel (e.g. coverage and mode effects), the statistical methods and covariates used to obtain the original and adjusted weights, and the health outcomes of interest.


2019 ◽  
pp. 127-149
Author(s):  
George B. Kleiner

This paper shows the diversity and significance of relations of duality among different economic systems. The composition of the principles underlying the system economic theory used for the analysis of duality in the economy is investigated. The concept of the economic system is clarified and the equivalence of three basic concepts of the economic system is shown: a) as a space-time volume (“black box”); b) as a complex of elements and connections among them; c) as a tetrad, including object, project, process and environment components. In a new way, the concept of the tetrad is revealed. The actual interpretation of the interrelationships of its components, based on the mechanisms of intersystem circulation of spatial and temporal resources and the transmission of abilities from one economic system to another, is proposed. On the basis of the obtained results, the most essential aspects of duality in the theory of economic systems are considered. It is shown that the interaction of internal content and the nearest external environment of economic systems lies in the nature of the relations of duality. A new approach to modeling the structure and to functioning of the economic system, based on the description of its activities in the form of two interconnected tetrads (the first tetrad reflects the intrasystem production cycle and the second one — the external realization-reproduction cycle) is put forward. It is shown that the concept of duality in a system economy creates prerequisites for adapting the functioning of local economic systems (objects, projects, etc.) in a market, administrative and functional environments and, as a result, harmonizing the economy as a whole.


In the article, the author considers the problems of complex algorithmization and systematization of approaches to optimizing the work plans of construction organizations (calendar plans) using various modern tools, including, for example, evolutionary algorithms for "conscious" enumeration of options for solving a target function from an array of possible constraints for a given nomenclature. Various typical schemes for modeling the processes of distribution of labor resources between objects of the production program are given, taking into account the array of source data. This data includes the possibility of using the material and technical supply base (delivery, storage, packaging) as a temporary container for placing the labor resource in case of released capacity, quantitative and qualification composition of the initial labor resource, the properties of the construction organization as a counterparty in the contract system with the customer of construction and installation works etc. A conceptual algorithm is formed that is the basis of the software package for operational harmonization of the production program ( work plans) in accordance with the loading of production units, the released capacities of labor resources and other conditions stipulated by the model. The application of the proposed algorithm is most convenient for a set of objects, which determines the relevance of its implementation in optimization models when planning production programs of building organizations that contain several objects distributed over a time scale.


1939 ◽  
Vol 8 (23) ◽  
pp. 276-278
Author(s):  
John R. Stewart

Author(s):  
A.F. Klebanov ◽  
M.V. Kadochnikov ◽  
V.V. Ulitin ◽  
D.N. Sizemov

The article addresses the issues of ensuring safe operation of mining equipment in surface mining. It describes the main factors and situations that pose a high risk to human life and health. The most dangerous incidents are shown to be related to limited visibility and blind spots for operators of mining equipment, which can result in collisions and personnel run over. The main technologies and specific solutions used to design collision avoidance systems are described and their general comparison is provided. A particular focus is placed on monitoring the health of employees at their workplace by means of portable personal devices that promptly inform the dispatcher of emergency situations. General technical requirements are formulated for designing of the system to prevent equipment collisions and personnel run over in surface mining operations. The paper emphasizes the importance of introducing a multifunctional safety system in surface mines in order to minimise the possibility of incidents and accidents throughout the entire production cycle.


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