The principles of duality in the light of the system economic theory

2019 ◽  
pp. 127-149
Author(s):  
George B. Kleiner
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic System ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Reproduction Cycle ◽  
Basic Concepts

This paper shows the diversity and significance of relations of duality among different economic systems. The composition of the principles underlying the system economic theory used for the analysis of duality in the economy is investigated. The concept of the economic system is clarified and the equivalence of three basic concepts of the economic system is shown: a) as a space-time volume (“black box”); b) as a complex of elements and connections among them; c) as a tetrad, including object, project, process and environment components. In a new way, the concept of the tetrad is revealed. The actual interpretation of the interrelationships of its components, based on the mechanisms of intersystem circulation of spatial and temporal resources and the transmission of abilities from one economic system to another, is proposed. On the basis of the obtained results, the most essential aspects of duality in the theory of economic systems are considered. It is shown that the interaction of internal content and the nearest external environment of economic systems lies in the nature of the relations of duality. A new approach to modeling the structure and to functioning of the economic system, based on the description of its activities in the form of two interconnected tetrads (the first tetrad reflects the intrasystem production cycle and the second one — the external realization-reproduction cycle) is put forward. It is shown that the concept of duality in a system economy creates prerequisites for adapting the functioning of local economic systems (objects, projects, etc.) in a market, administrative and functional environments and, as a result, harmonizing the economy as a whole.

scholarly journals ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM FOR IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF HUMAN RESOURCES OF THE REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
E. A. Ostapenko
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Economic System ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Economic Mechanism ◽  
Comprehensive Management ◽  
The Social

The quality of human resources, considered as a set of certain assessment criteria that are dynamic in nature, due to the basic indicators and factors of the internal and external environment of the social and economic system of the region needs a comprehensive management impact aimed at improving the system and its elements. The quality of human resources in socio-economic systems, as well as tools aimed at the formation of qualitative parameters, form the problem of improving the economic mechanism for improving the quality of human resources in modern conditions, which should take into account the management goals, the state and prospects for the development of quality parameters of the system elements, to ensure the effective functioning of the conceptual model of quality management of human resources. 

The importance of non-equilibrium in the development of economic system (thermodynamic approach)

foresight ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
Štefan Volner
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium State ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Open Systems ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
External Environment ◽  
State Theory ◽  
Thermodynamic Approach ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Non Equilibrium

Purpose – New non-equilibrium systems theory is a very important theoretical and methodological base of survey and understanding of contemporary economic systems and processes. Equilibrium is considered one of the basic conditions of existence and evolution of natural and social systems, according to scientific literature. Generally speaking, it can be presented as true. But the problem is that classical imagination perceives equilibrium as something real and stable – something more stable than basic condition of evolution of systems. Non-equilibrium state was usually understood as something negative, something destructive and something which has to be eliminated. Non-equilibrium state was understood as an anomaly, as an expression of weakening of system security and as a road to extinction. Thermodynamics comes with an idea that equilibrium is a “short” state of the system, equilibrium is very relative and all systems try to meet it, but they will never reach it. Equilibrium is usually connected with classical science and non-equilibrium state is connected with thermodynamics paradigm, with a new methodology of science. Non-equilibrium state is often seen as a basic condition – as an internal source of system evolution and its activities. Non-equilibrium state is a base of new arrangement of systems. Misunderstanding of contemporary non-equilibrium state theory and new expressions or aspects of dynamic processes can bring about negative impacts on the survey and establishment of new global economic system, e.g. new national and local economic systems. Therefore, the non-equilibrium state theory is a methodological base of new perception and survey of contemporary economic systems. Design/methodology/approach – A study of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. Findings – Irreversibility and non-equilibrium, occurring in each process and evolutionary phase of economic systems, are connected with accidents and openness. Openness of systems enables (and causes) diversification toward wider system or environment and penetration of external elements and processes to internal structure of the system. A system like this is more sensitive to external and internal changes. Considering this, it is very important to be aware of the fact that entropy has different behavior in “closed” systems – different from behavior in open systems. Open economic systems communicate with external environment, interact with external systems and they exchange the energy. They consume energy of external environment and penetrate it. Elements, nodes and joints in open systems can communicate, connect and integrate with elements, nodes and joints from external systems. The growth of entropy is “smoother” and equilibrium of the system, its sub-systems and elements proceeds despite the non-equilibrium state of elements of the own system. They have to communicate and exchange the energy with external environment. This is because of the non-equilibrium state. Originality/value – This is an original thermodynamic approach to the importance of non-equilibrium in the development of economic systems.

scholarly journals البنية المعرفية للاقتصاد الإسلامي: دراسة مقارنة مع الاقتصاد الوضعي

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (62) ◽  
pp. 43-13
Author(s):  
أحمد إبراهيم منصور
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Cultural Borrowing ◽  
Islamic Economic

يبدأ البحث بإيضاح عناصر الاقتصاد الوضعي التي تمثل مرجعية معرفية للممارسات الاقتصادية، مع التركيز على المنهج والمفاهيم، وينتقل إلى بيان عجز الاقتصاد الوضعي عن تحقيق العدالة والكفاءة. ثم يتناول عدداً من المفاهيم الأساسية ليوضح طبيعة البيئة التي تشكل فيها المفهوم، والشكل الذي تم إنتاجه فيها، ويختار لذلك مفهوم "العمل". ثم يختم بتحليل مسألة الاقتراض الثقافي للمفاهيم ودورها في التمييز بين جهود بناء الأصالة الحضارية أو الوقوع في التبعية الحضارية. ويؤكد البحث أن بناء نظرية اقتصادية إسلامية أمر ممكن لتوفر الإطار المرجعي للنظرية ومنظومة المفاهيم المشكلة لها وأدوات التحليل والتفسير العاملة فيها، ومن ثم يدعو المهتمين بشأن الاقتصادي الإسلامي: فكرأ وممارسة، إلى بذل الجهد اللازم لبناء هذه النظرية. This paper begins by clarifying elements of prevailing economic system characterized by positivist philosophy, with a focus on methodology and concepts.  It exposes the inability of this system to achieve justice and efficiency. The paper then addresses a number of basic concepts to explain the nature of the environment in which the concept has been formed choosing the concept of "work" for that purpose.  It concludes with citing the danger of cultural borrowing of concepts, and its role in creating cultural dependency and harboring efforts of building civilizational identity of the Muslim Ummah. The paper stresses that building an Islamic economic theory is possible, given that a the frame of reference for the theory and the system of concepts that forms it and its tools of analysis are all available, and calls on those concerned with Islamic economics to exert the necessary effort, in theory and practice, to build such theory.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Crisis on the Socio-Economic System in a Post-Pandemic Society

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 368-379
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Sylkin ◽  
Yuliia Buhel ◽  
Natalia Dombrovska ◽  
Iryna Martusenko ◽  
Myroslava Karaim
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The World ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Negative Factors

The activity of any socio-economic system is associated with the instability of the external environment and the presence of negative factors influencing its functioning, which, in turn, can provoke the emergence of crisis phenomena, slows down the process of development of the organization and makes it less effective. The prerequisites for this may be factors that are formed not only in the external, but also in the internal environment. This issue is of particular relevance today, in the context of the existence of the consequences of the pandemic in the world. Many years of experience in the activity of socio-economic systems in a market environment shows that this problem remains relevant to them even now in today's postmodern world. Successful overcoming of crisis situations depends on the effectiveness of anti-crisis management and management of anti-crisis potential, the type of crisis. After all, each crisis situation, which is formed under the influence of specific factors, has a clear characteristic and belongs to a certain category. With this information, you can form a clear plan of management actions to effectively overcome the crisis in socio-economic systems. But in order to determine what types of crises affect the activities of socio-economic systems, it is first of all necessary to determine the types of crises in socio-economic systems. The article analyzes the main features of the functioning of today's socio-economic system and the impact of such post-pandemic consequences on it.

Quantum Theory and Artificial Intelligence in the Analysis of the Development of Socio-Economic Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-38
Author(s):  
Jurgita Bruneckiene ◽  
Robertas Jucevicius ◽  
Ineta Zykiene ◽  
Jonas Rapsikevicius ◽  
Mantas Lukauskas
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Development Theory ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Economic Development Theory

The chapter is designed to stimulate a discussion on a new approach that combines quantum theory with artificial intelligence in the analysis of the economic development of socio-economic systems. The chapter introduces the specifics of the modern socio-economic system and the challenges to economic development. After that, the chapter discusses the possibility and compatibility of approaches (quantum theory) and tools (artificial intelligence) for analysing economic development. The chapter contributes to a new approach in economic development theory by integrating quantum theory and artificial intelligence possibilities. Additionally, the competences needed to use artificial intelligence in the analysis of economic development are presented. The value of the chapter is in its contribution to the original methodological justification of the use of quantum theory and artificial intelligence in the analysis of economic development.

Heuristic Potential of Political Economy of Socialism in the 21st Century

2003 ◽  
pp. 112-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Buzgalin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic System ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Transitional Economy ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Real Socialism ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Post Industrial

The author tries to distinguish the main achievements of political economy of socialism, its contribution to modern economic theory and potential in analysis of post-industrial society. To his opinion political economy of socialism is useful for understanding the nature of "real socialism" (i.e. economic system that was really functioning in the USSR and socialist countries), future post-capitalist economic systems and transitional economy. Moreover, this discipline can be helpful in overcoming the market-oriented paradigm dominating now in economic theory.

MODERN SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF REGIONAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Elena Averchenkova ◽  
Andrey Averchenkov ◽  
Aleksandr Gorbunov ◽  
Dmitriy Goncharov
Keyword(s):  
Control Theory ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Control Object ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

Regions of the Russian Federation, interpreted in terms and concepts of control theory as socio-economic systems, are subject to state regulation and management. Considering the regional socio-economic system from the choice of alternatives in a situation with uncertainty the impact of the environment allowed us to propose the theory of control for the respective methodology. Previously, the methods of making management decisions at the regional level were characterized by the predominance of heuristic approaches, but the current realities of dynamic changes in the external environment, coupled with the complex of tasks set in the National projects of the Russian Federation, require regional governments to strictly justify their management actions. The condition for applying the control theory to describe the management system of a regional socio-economic system is the presence and possibility of a formalized description of cause-and-effect relationships, clearly defined elements (for example, the control object, the setting influence, the Executive element, etc.).), as well as the logical structure of relationships between elements of the system. Thus, we can talk about the need to develop and implement a methodology for managing the regional socio-economic system based on the analysis of the influence of the external environment.

Agent-Based Computational Economics

2007 ◽  
pp. 183-197
Author(s):  
C. Bruun
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Autonomous Agents ◽  
Complex Adaptive System ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Computational Economics ◽  
Economic Methodology ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Complex Adaptive

This chapter argues that the economic system is best perceived as a complex adaptive system, and as such, the traditional analytical methods of economics are not optimal for its study. Agent-based computational economics (ACE) studies the economic system from the bottom up and recognizes interaction between autonomous agents as the central mechanism in generating the self-organizing features of economic systems. Besides a discussion of this new economic methodology, a short how-to introduction is given, and the problem of constraining economics as a science within the ACE approach is raised. It is argued that ACE should be perceived as a new methodological approach to the study of economic systems rather than a new approach to economics, and that the use of ACE should be anchored in existing economic theory.

National Specification of the Economic Systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (4) ◽  
pp. 56-70
Author(s):  
Viktor Kulkov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic System ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
National Economic

In this article, the idea of the structure of general economic theory and reflection in it features of the national economy is formulated. Parameters of the national economic system are disclosed. Specific features of the Russian economic model are analyzed.

"Marketocentric" Economics Is Obsolete

2004 ◽  
pp. 36-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Buzgalin ◽  
A. Kolganov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Main Mode ◽  
Post Market ◽  
Market Relations ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Universe

The "marketocentric" economic theory is now dominating in modern science (similar to Ptolemeus geocentric model of the Universe in the Middle Ages). But market economy is only one of different types of economic systems which became the main mode of resources allocation and motivation only in the end of the 19th century. Authors point to the necessity of the analysis of both pre-market and post-market relations. Transition towards the post-industrial neoeconomy requires "Copernical revolution" in economic theory, rejection of marketocentric orientation, which has become now not only less fruitful, but also dogmatically dangerous, leading to the conservation and reproduction of "market fundamentalism".

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