Agricultural Industrialization, Anticorporate Farming Laws, and Rural Community Welfare

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1479-1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A Lyson ◽  
Rick Welsh
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Industrialization ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Welfare Indicators ◽  
Industrial Farming ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Using Data

The effect on rural communities of shifts in US agriculture toward a system dominated by large-scale industrial production is a central problematic in the sociology of agriculture. Despite the importance of agriculture structure and practice to US society, most research on this topic has been confined to specialized journals. And though research in this area has found negative effects on rural communities from agricultural industrialization, there is a dearth of inquiry into public policy remedies. Using data on 433 agriculture-dependent counties in the USA, we find that counties in states with laws that limit nonfamily corporate entry into farming score higher on important welfare indicators, and that the laws mitigate negative impacts on rural communities from industrial farming.

scholarly journals Considerations of Control Groups: Comparing Active-Control with No Treatment for Examining the Effects of Brief Intervention

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Lane ◽  
Chris J. Beedie ◽  
Tracey J. Devonport ◽  
Andrew P. Friesen
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Active Control ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Using Data

Background: A large-scale online study completed by this research team found that brief psychological interventions were associated with high-intensity pleasant emotions and predicted performance. The present study extends this work using data from participants (n = 3376) who completed all self-report data and engaged in a performance task but who did not engage with an intervention or control condition and therefore present as an opportunistic no-treatment group. Methods: 41,720 participants were selected from the process and outcome focus goals intervention groups, which were the successful interventions (n = 30,096), active-control (n = 3039), and no-treatment (n = 8585). Participants completed a competitive task four times: first as practice, second to establish a baseline, third following an opportunity to complete a brief psychological skills intervention, and lastly following an opportunity to repeat the intervention. Repeated measures MANOVA indicated that over four performance rounds, the intensity of positive emotions increased, performance improved, and the amount of effort participants exerted increased; however, these increases were significantly smaller in the no-treatment group. Conclusions: Findings suggest that not engaging in active training conditions had negative effects. We suggest that these findings have implications for the development and deployment of online interventions.

Water resource developments in Ethiopia: potential benefits and negative impacts on the environment, vector-borne diseases, and food security

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Yewhalaw ◽  
S. Hamels ◽  
Y. Getachew ◽  
P.R. Torgerson ◽  
M. Anagnostou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Socioeconomic Changes ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Negative Impacts

To satisfy the growing demand for electricity, Ethiopia plans to increase its electricity production five-fold between 2010 and 2015, mainly through the construction of dams. A literature review shows that while dams can boost power and agricultural production, promote economic development, and facilitate flood control, they can also lead to environmental, ecological, and socioeconomic changes. Several case studies show that dams may alter the composition and density of vectors and intermediate host species, increase the incidence of malaria schistosomiasis and possibly lymphatic filariasis, and lead to eutrophication of reservoirs, soil erosion, and earthquakes. There is evidence that dams and commercial irrigation schemes can increase soil and water degradation, vulnerability to drought, and food insecurity in riverine and lacustrine areas downstream of dams. It appears that dams in Ethiopia are also vulnerable to high soil erosion rates and earthquakes. Consequently, the current and proposed large-scale dam construction program in Ethiopia requires in-depth research to improve our understanding of the unintended negative effects of projects and to guide the location, design, and implementation of appropriate preventive and remedial programs.

INTERNET FINANCE, NET INTEREST MARGIN AND NONINTEREST ACTIVITIES IN CHINA’S BANKING SECTOR

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
PIN GUO ◽  
MAOYONG CHENG ◽  
ZHIXIAN GAO
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Net Interest Margin ◽  
Technology Spillover Effect ◽  
Internet Finance ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Cross Subsidization ◽  
Interest Margin

Using data from 133 Chinese commercial banks from 2003 to 2015, we examine the links among Internet finance, net interest margin and noninterest activities. Four main findings emerge. First, the net interest margin exerts significantly negative impacts on the noninterest activities through incentive distortion, cross-subsidization and resource restriction effects. The incentive distortion effect plays a stronger role, while the cross-subsidization and resource restriction effects play weaker roles. Second, Internet finance significantly promotes the development of noninterest activities, meaning that the technology spillover effect of Internet finance is stronger than the customer loss effect in China. Third, Internet finance strengthens the negative effects of the net interest margin on fee and commission activities but weakens the negative effects of the net interest margin on other noninterest activities. Finally, we find that the effects of the net interest margin on noninterest activities are stronger in state-owned banks than in non-state-owned banks, while the effects of Internet finance on noninterest activities are weaker in state-owned banks.

The UNTOLD story

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 492-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ovidiu Ioan Moisescu ◽  
Oana Adriana Gică ◽  
Monica Maria Coroș ◽  
Anca C. Yallop
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Music Festival ◽  
Negative Impacts

Purpose This paper aims to examine the negative effects of events on residents’ quality of life. Particularly, the paper analyses the specific negative effects generated via “overtourism” for the duration of large-scale music festivals. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses a case study method approach to examine the negative effects that UNTOLD, the largest music festival in Romania, has on residents’ quality of life. The case is analysed via a comprehensive desk research of secondary data from industry and academic sources. Findings Despite its success and the positive economic impact UNTOLD festival had on the host city, several issues have a negative impact on residents’ quality of life and well-being. The negative impacts are noise pollution, vandalism and crime, traffic and parking issues, waste and damages to the natural environment, pressure on and over usage of local services and infrastructure and the increased cost of living. Social implications Whilst organisers, local businesses and local authorities are the main parties benefiting from events, residents mainly feel the negative impact. Organisers, local authorities and businesses need to minimise the negative effects residents’ experience during the event by building sustainable partnerships and taking a more hands-on approach to sustainable and socially responsible practices. Current and potential initiatives are discussed in the paper. Originality/value This paper examines the negative impacts events may have on residents’ quality of life and discusses the case of a large-scale music festival, an under-researched context. The analysis and discussion may assist scholars and industry experts alike in generating new debates in sustainable event management practices, as well as festival organisers and public authorities in developing strategies for avoiding, containing or minimising the negative effects of events.

scholarly journals The impact of regional development towards the well-being of rural community

2021 ◽  
Vol 881 (1) ◽  
pp. 012056
Author(s):  
N S Yusoff ◽  
M F Rashid ◽  
N A Halim
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
British Rule ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economic Well Being

Abstract Since before the British rule, the issues and problems of urban transformation growth have continued until today, especially in rural areas and small towns. Rural communities also have undergone significant transformations in recent decades. There are positive and negative impacts on adaptation the growth of regional development that impact significantly on the rural community, which needs to be addressed to overcome the adverse effects on those that involved. This also included the changes in a case study of rural areas that have been chosen, which is located in sub-district that categorize under rural areas at Johor Bahru due to Iskandar Malaysia region expansions. Furthermore, the developmental transformation has mainly affected the changes in the socio-economic well-being of rural communities. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of studies on a factor of socio-economic well-being development in rural areas for creating a framework to measure the impact of regional development on the socio-economic well-being of the rural.

scholarly journals Understanding How Smallholders Integrated into Pericoupled and Telecoupled Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Dou ◽  
Ramon da Silva ◽  
Paul McCord ◽  
Julie Zaehringer ◽  
Hongbo Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Agricultural Investments ◽  
Smallholder Systems

Increasing connections and influences from near to far have changed social structures, access to natural resources, and essential livelihoods of smallholders (i.e., those with incomes generated primarily from natural resources on small rural properties). However, the potential benefits and negative impacts from these connections to smallholders’ livelihoods and social-ecological effects remain understudied. In this paper, we applied the frameworks of pericoupling and telecoupling (human-nature interactions between adjacent and distant systems, respectively) to systematically investigate how the flows linking smallholder systems to other systems affect their livelihoods, and causing varying economic, social, and environmental effects from case to case. We synthesized 12 cases of smallholder systems around the world that are linked to adjacent and distant systems through flows of goods, people, resources, and/or information. In each case, we summarized smallholders’ agency, i.e., capability on the formation or operation of these flows, and the changes on livelihoods on the economic, social, and environment effects. Results suggest that strong smallholder agency is associated more with positive than negative effects. Smallholders with medium to high agency have greater overall well-being within the area of interest. Smallholders integrated in pericoupled systems often have strong agency. Being spillover systems in an intercoupled system (e.g., large-scale agricultural investments) can often cause negative outcomes unless smallholders have additional pericoupling flows. Our findings suggest one potential approach to ending poverty and increasing well-being for smallholders is creating and increasing pericoupling flows to empower smallholders for desired livelihood and social-ecological outcomes.

scholarly journals Dari “Ya” Menjadi “Tidak” Studi tentang Persepsi dan Sikap Masyarakat Desa Idamdehe terhadap Rencana Pembangunan PLTP di Idamdehe dan Idamdehe Gamsungi

KRITIS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-39
Author(s):  
Brian L Djumaty
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Development Plan ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Balanced Information

Idamdehe is a village in the province of North Maluku with the potential of geothermal energy to be used for electric power. The central (government) and local government plan to develop the geothermal energy. The preparation was conducted between 2009-2012. This study aimed to describe and analyze the perceptions and attitudes of rural community in Idamdehe to geothermal energy development plan. The method used is qualitative, using data collection techniques like interviews, observation and document study. This research shows that a number of community members agreed to this plan for some reason. Those are poverty, human factors and socio-cultural factors. At the beginning the majority of people agree on the implementation of geothermal energy development plan. However, a small group in the community did not agree while others didn’t have any opinion. After the community receive balanced information from this development, their perception are changed among the rural communities of Idamdehe. Those who first agree with the plan, became hesitant and refused the development of geothermal energy.

Developing a trauma-informed workforce for the opioid crisis in a rural community in the United States: a case study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Workforce Development ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Opioid Crisis ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Trauma Informed

Purpose Workforce development in rural communities to address a surge in opioid addiction and overdose related hospitalizations has been an unaddressed issue in the USA. This study aims to present an integrated, trauma-informed, behavioral workforce development initiative in a midwestern rural setting in the USA. Design/methodology/approach This is a mixed method, two-phased study: the first phase tracked and analyzed two focus group conferences involving experts (n = 6) and professionals (n = 8) to develop a training protocol; the second phase provided a training (n = 101), based on the protocol to future professionals and compared competencies before and after the implementation of the training. Findings There is a need of a trauma integrated approach in providing interprofessional training connecting health-care workers in rural communities to address the current opioid crisis to bring about cohesion among integrated and interdisciplinary teams. Workforce building will need to implement best practices not only among medical providers but among community mental health practitioners in rural areas. Originality/value This is a unique trauma-informed workforce development initiative in a rural community. Such studies are extremely limited and almost non-existent. Further initiatives need to be taken in this field to identify unique differences within communities that may hinder implementation.

СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ КОНФЛИКТЫ В РАМКАХ «КАПИТАЛИЗМА ПЛАТФОРМ»

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
L. V. Tomin
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Network Effects ◽  
Corporate Control ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Communication Infrastructure ◽  
Political Effects ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Integrated Information

The article is devoted to the analysis of the structure, the peculiarities of functioning and the socio-economic and political effects of the «platform capitalism». The basis of this model is the network effects produced by the integrated information and communication infrastructure, which contribute to the monopolization and the constant expansion of platform companies into new areas. The principle of functioning of this infrastructure is the continuous collection and further monetization of data extracted from the interactions of individuals among themselves or with one of the elements of a digitalized economy or government structures. Such an infrastructure — forms a potential threat of strengthening state and corporate control over citizens. In addition, the activities of platform companies produce negative effects on the labor market, reinforcing the process of precarization of employment. The integrated information and communication infrastructure of platform companies form a system of a kind of «digital Taylorism», which deprives the employee of autonomy and privacy in the workplace. The influence of digitalization, subjected to the technocratic logic of the neoliberal model of governance in democratic countries, strengthens the de-politicization of relations between the citizen and the state and further changes the balance of power between labor and capital in favor of the latter. Large-scale protests of the last years against the companies of “capitalism of platforms” demonstrated the structural contradictions of this model and formed new forms of organization and actions of grassroots workers of the “digital economy”.

Towards Control of an Estuary

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 155-174
Author(s):  
Henk L. F. Saeijs
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Intertidal Flats ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Short Time

The Delta Project is in its final stage. In 1974 it was subjected to political reconsideration, but it is scheduled now for completion in 1987. The final touches are being put to the storm-surge barrier and two compartment dams that divide the Oosterschelde into three areas: one tidal, one with reduced tide, and one a freshwater lake. Compartmentalization will result in 13% of channels, 45% of intertidal flats and 59% of salt marshes being lost. There is a net gain of 7% of shallow-water areas. Human interventions with large scale impacts are not new in the Oosterschelde but the large scale and short time in which these interventions are taking place are, as is the creation of a controlled tidal system. This article focusses on the area with reduced tide and compares resent day and expected characteristics. In this reduced tidal part salt marshes will extend by 30–70%; intertidal flats will erode to a lower level and at their edges, and the area of shallow water will increase by 47%. Biomass production on the intertidal flats will decrease, with consequences for crustaceans, fishes and birds. The maximum number of waders counted on one day and the number of ‘bird-days' will decrease drastically, with negative effects for the wader populations of western Europe. The net area with a hard substratum in the reduced tidal part has more than doubled. Channels will become shallower. Detritus import will not change significantly. Stratification and oxygen depletion will be rare and local. The operation of the storm-surge barrier and the closure strategy chosen are very important for the ecosystem. Two optional closure strategies can be followed without any additional environmental consequences. It was essential to determine a clearly defined plan of action for the whole area, and to make land-use choices from the outset. How this was done is briefly described.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document