Redevelopment, Displacement, Housing Conditions, and Residential Satisfaction: A Study of Shanghai

10.1068/a4168 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1090-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si-Ming Li ◽  
Yu-Ling Song
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Residential Satisfaction ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Major Conclusion ◽  
Systematic Account ◽  
Subjective Evaluations ◽  
The City ◽  
Better Than

Chinese cities are undergoing massive transformation. One after another, inner-city neighbourhoods of pre-1949 origin and work-unit compounds built in the socialist period are being torn apart, giving way to glossy office towers and luxurious condominiums. Millions of people have been uprooted and forced to be relocated. Mass media and research based on case studies generally convey a message of widespread grievance among the displaced residents. Based on a survey of 1200 households conducted in Shanghai in 2006, the present study provides a systematic account of the profiles of the displaced residents, juxtaposed against other resident groups of the city. The major conclusion is that, irrespective of all the criticisms concerning unregulated demolitions and forced evictions, the housing conditions of displaced residents are somewhat better than those of other Shanghai residents, both objectively and in terms of subjective evaluations.

scholarly journals Architektura w śródmieściu Gdyni po 1989 roku wobec tradycji modernistycznej

Porta Aurea ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 218-243
Author(s):  
Alicja Melzacka
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Local Context ◽  
City Centre ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Contemporary Architecture ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The following article explores the recurring stylistic tendencies in the architecture of Gdynia after 1989, and seeks to identify their origins. The study encompasses four distinguished areas in the city centre, and places emphasis on the relationship between the contemporary (and postmodern) architecture and the architectural legacy of Gdynia’s inner city, which can be broadly defined as ‘modernist’. Based on a series of case studies, the Author has distinguished three intertwined architectural tendencies, each of them referring in their own way to the local context. Often manifested in the same architectural designs and, therefore, inseparable, these tendencies cannot be strictly delimited. They are: ‘regionalist tendency’ deploying architectural forms of the interwar origin, ‘semiotic tendency’ which perceives architecture as the system of signs, and ‘technologising tendency’ of which strive for the ‘high-tech’ appearance can be considered an ideological continuation of the modern imperative of progress. To conclude, contemporary architecture in Gdynia represents, widely understood, contextualism: comprising all of the aforementioned tendencies. Tis status quo is reinforced by the strong need to maintain the continuity of the city’s architecture, but also of its identity. As a result of operating with a relatively limited range of means of expression, architecture in Gdynia constitutes a coherent whole, which can be considered an advantage for the local landscape. Nonetheless, the notorious and often naive application of widely accepted patterns originating from the vocabulary of West European modernism, and the limitations inherent in that approach, should be definitely pointed out for further scrutiny.

A small area analysis of self-poisoning and self-injury in the region of Oxford

1976 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M Skrimshire
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Social Disadvantage ◽  
Systematic Change ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
State Distribution ◽  
Enumeration District ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
The City

The number of persons attempting suicide in 1972–3 was related to the 1971 Census data by enumeration district in a defined area centred on Oxford City. Variations among enumeration districts in the number of attempters was partly explined by the age and marital state distribution of the population, but a few areas were identified where the high rates were not accounted for in this way. These included areas on council estates, both in the City and outside it, with marked indications of social disadvantage, and a socially mixed and probably rapidly changing inner city area. Persons attempting suicide were predominantly young and included relatively more women and more single people, but otherwise appeared to resemble the population of their immediate areas in terms of distribution by socio-economic group, housing conditions and indicators of social disadvantage. A model was fitted to the 1972–3 data to ‘predict’ the number of attempters in an enumeration district from the Census information. The fit was not entirely satisfactory, and suggested that there was a sub-group of districts with a near zero probability of producing an attempter which was not identifiable from the Census data. When fitted retrospectively to attempted suicide data for 1969 the performance of the model was poor. It was not possible to distinguish the effect of random variation from that of systematic change, but there was some evidence that certain areas with high attempted suicide rates in the City also showed a rapid increase in rates.

Darvarzas and Mohallas

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Talbot ◽  
Tahir Kamran
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Classical Musicians ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
The City

The chapter focuses on Lahore’s famous darvarzas (gateways) and mohallas (residential localities). It provides a fine grain analysis of the cultural and commercial life that took place in these surrounding areas. The inner city has been traditionally understood as a closed in area, but the chapter argues that this stereotype neglects the regional and trans-national linkages and circulation of goods and people. The three case studies of Bhati Gate, Shah Almi Gate and Mochi Gate illustrate the interconnectedness arising from commercial, cultural and political exchanges. The chapter concludes with a description both of the importance of the Mochi Gate area for training of classical musicians in Haveli Mian Khan and the musical soirees of Takia Mirasian and of Bhati Gate’s connections with the early film industry. All-India Radio Lahore which broadcast from December 1937 also provided a creative outlet for the musicians, writers and actors of Bhati and Mochi Gates and drew artists to the city.

Reclaiming the City as Commons. Learning from Latin American Housing Movements

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-153
Author(s):  
Stavros Stavrides
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Urban Living ◽  
City Life ◽  
Urban Condition ◽  
Collective Creativity ◽  
Urban Movements ◽  
The City

This paper explores a renewed problematization of contemporary metropolises' dynamics in the light of speci fic efforts to reclaim the city as commons. Building on Lefebvre's theorizations of the city's virtuality and comparing it to contemporary approaches to the urban condition that emphasize the potentialities of contemporary city-life, it suggests that urban commoning is unleashing the power of collective creativity and collaboration. Struggles to appropriate the city as a crucial milieu for sharing transforms parts of city and produces new patterns of urban living. Examples from Latin American urban movements focused on establishing emancipatory housing conditions are used to illustrate the transformative capabilities of urban commoning.

How a Lingua Franca Spreads

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Mc Laughlin
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Lingua Franca ◽  
Everyday Language ◽  
Dominant Language ◽  
Speakers Of Other Languages ◽  
Realistic View ◽  
Atlantic Language ◽  
The City

This chapter considers how Wolof, an Atlantic language spoken in Senegal, has become an important lingua franca, and how French has contributed to the ascent of Wolof. The nature of social relations between Africans and French in cities along the Atlantic coast in the 18th and 19th centuries were such that a prestigious urban way of speaking Wolof that made liberal use of French borrowings became the language of the city. As an index of urban belonging, opportunity, and modernity, Wolof was viewed as a useful language, a trend that has continued up to the present. Four case studies illustrate how the use of Wolof facilitates mobility for speakers of other languages in Senegal. By drawing a distinction between the formal and informal language sectors, this chapter offers a more realistic view of everyday language practices in Senegal, where Wolof is the dominant language.

scholarly journals Scenario Analyses of Exhaust Emissions Reduction through the Introduction of Electric Vehicles into the City

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 2030
Author(s):  
Marianna Jacyna ◽  
Renata Żochowska ◽  
Aleksander Sobota ◽  
Mariusz Wasiak
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Scenario Analyses ◽  
High Emission ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
The One ◽  
The City

In recent years, policymakers of urban agglomerations in various regions of the world have been striving to reduce environmental pollution from harmful exhaust and noise emissions. Restrictions on conventional vehicles entering the inner city are being introduced and the introduction of low-emission measures, including electric ones, is being promoted. This paper presents a method for scenario analysis applied to study the reduction of exhaust emissions by introducing electric vehicles in a selected city. The original scenario analyses relating to real problems faced by contemporary metropolitan areas are based on the VISUM tool (PTV Headquarters for Europe: PTV Planung Transport Verkehr AG, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany). For the case study, the transport model of the city of Bielsko-Biala (Poland) was used to conduct experiments with different forms of participation of electric vehicles on the one hand and traffic restrictions for high emission vehicles on the other hand. Scenario analyses were conducted for various constraint options including inbound, outbound, and through traffic. Travel time for specific transport relations and the volume of harmful emissions were used as criteria for evaluating scenarios of limited accessibility to city zones for selected types of vehicles. The comparative analyses carried out showed that the introduction of electric vehicles in the inner city resulted in a significant reduction in the emission of harmful exhaust compounds and, consequently, in an increase in the area of clean air in the city. The case study and its results provide some valuable insights and may guide decision-makers in their actions to introduce both driving ban restrictions for high-emission vehicles and incentives for the use of electric vehicles for city residents.

scholarly journals DSM Generation from Single and Cross-Sensor Multi-View Satellite Images Using the New Agisoft Metashape: The Case Studies of Trento and Matera (Italy)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 593
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Lastilla ◽  
Valeria Belloni ◽  
Roberta Ravanelli ◽  
Mattia Crespi
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Stereo Pair ◽  
Commercial Software ◽  
Processing Module ◽  
Land Covers ◽  
Image Metadata ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Reliable Software

DSM generation from satellite imagery is a long-lasting issue and it has been addressed in several ways over the years; however, expert and users are continuously searching for simpler but accurate and reliable software solutions. One of the latest ones is provided by the commercial software Agisoft Metashape (since version 1.6), previously known as Photoscan, which joins other already available open-source and commercial software tools. The present work aims to quantify the potential of the new Agisoft Metashape satellite processing module, considering that to the best knowledge of the authors, only two papers have been published, but none considering cross-sensor imagery. Here we investigated two different case studies to evaluate the accuracy of the generated DSMs. The first dataset consists of a triplet of Pléiades images acquired over the area of Trento and the Adige valley (Northern Italy), which is characterized by a great variety in terms of geomorphology, land uses and land covers. The second consists of a triplet composed of a WorldView-3 stereo pair and a GeoEye-1 image, acquired over the city of Matera (Southern Italy), one of the oldest settlements in the world, with the worldwide famous area of Sassi and a very rugged morphology in the surroundings. First, we carried out the accuracy assessment using the RPCs supplied by the satellite companies as part of the image metadata. Then, we refined the RPCs with an original independent terrain technique able to supply a new set of RPCs, using a set of GCPs adequately distributed across the regions of interest. The DSMs were generated both in a stereo and multi-view (triplet) configuration. We assessed the accuracy and completeness of these DSMs through a comparison with proper references, i.e., DSMs obtained through LiDAR technology. The impact of the RPC refinement on the DSM accuracy is high, ranging from 20 to 40% in terms of LE90. After the RPC refinement, we achieved an average overall LE90 <5.0 m (Trento) and <4.0 m (Matera) for the stereo configuration, and <5.5 m (Trento) and <4.5 m (Matera) for the multi-view (triplet) configuration, with an increase of completeness in the range 5–15% with respect to stereo pairs. Finally, we analyzed the impact of land cover on the accuracy of the generated DSMs; results for three classes (urban, agricultural, forest and semi-natural areas) are also supplied.

scholarly journals A Framework for Implementing and Tracking Circular Economy in Cities: The Case of Porto

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1813 ◽  
Author(s):  
António Cavaleiro de Ferreira ◽  
Francesco Fuso-Nerini
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Meso Level ◽  
Population Research ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Significant Barrier ◽  
The City

Circular economy (CE) is an emerging concept that contrasts the linear economic system. This concept is particularly relevant for cities, currently hosting approximately 50% of the world’s population. Research gaps in the analysis and implementation of circular economy in cities are a significant barrier to its implementation. This paper presents a multi-sectorial and macro-meso level framework to monitor (and set goals for) circular economy implementation in cities. Based on literature and case studies, it encompasses CE key concepts, such as flexibility, modularity, and transparency. It is structured to include all sectors in which circular economy could be adopted in a city. The framework is then tested in Porto, Portugal, monitoring the circularity of the city and considering its different sectors.

Affect and the Response to Terror: Commemoration and Communities of Sense

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angharad Closs Stephens ◽  
Martin Coward ◽  
Samuel Merrill ◽  
Shanti Sumartojo
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Collective Subjectivity ◽  
The City

Abstract This article examines affective responses to terror and the emergence of communities of sense in the commemoration of such attacks. We challenge the predominant framing of responses to terror which emphasize security and identity. We focus on the singular response by the city of Manchester in the aftermath of the 2017 Arena bombing, drawing on fieldwork conducted at the 1-year anniversary commemorative events. Our discussion focuses on the ways improvised, transient communities crystallized around the cultural significance of music during these events. The article explores these communities of sense through two case studies: those drawn together around the figure of Ariane Grande; and those assembled through a mass sing-along. In contrast to national or municipal responses to terror which orchestrate affect to establish narratives about security, borders and identity, we argue for the importance of paying attention to the improvised, affective ways in which people respond to terror. These plural, affective responses suggest another form of collective subjectivity. They also demonstrate the transient, plural, and everyday ways in which politics is practiced, assembled, and negotiated by different publics in response to terror.

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