The Role of Transparency in Perceptual Grouping and Pattern Recognition

Perception ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeo Watanabe ◽  
Patrick Cavanagh
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Perceptual Grouping ◽  
Exposure Duration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Short Exposure ◽  
Stimulus Exposure ◽  
Digit Recognition ◽  
Invalid Condition ◽  
Luminance Condition

The shortest stimulus exposure time for which transparency can be seen was examined. In the first experiment, overlapping digits were presented for 120 ms and the luminance in the overlapping regions was varied. Subjects reported, in separate blocks of trials, either the apparent transparency of the digits or the identity of the digits. When the luminance was set so that one set of digits appeared to be seen through the other, recognition of the digits was high. When the luminance in the overlapping regions did not produce impressions of transparency, digit recognition was low. In the second experiment, digit identification at several stimulus durations was compared between stimuli that had luminance that was valid for transparency and stimuli that had invalid luminance. Performance was found to be higher in the valid luminance condition than in the invalid condition after as little as 60 ms exposure duration. This result suggests that the impression of transparency requires only relatively short exposure durations.

scholarly journals Mitochondria, pattern recognition receptors and autophagy under physiological and pathological conditions, including viral infections

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej ◽  
Dominika Bębnowska ◽  
Roman Kołacz ◽  
Wiesław Deptuła
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Pattern Recognition Receptors ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Other Hand

Research on the health of mammals invariably shows how dynamic immunology is and how the role of many elements and immune processes of the macroorganism, developed in the process of evolution in protecting against threats, including infections, is changing. Among these elements conditioning the homeostasis of the macroorganism are mitochondria, PRR receptors (pattern recognition receptors) and the phenomenon of autophagy. In the context of physiological and pathological states in the body, mitochondria perform various functions. The primary function of these organelles is to produce energy in the cell, but on the other hand, they are heavily involved in various cellular processes, including ROS production and calcium homeostasis. They are largely involved in the activation of immune mechanisms during infectious and non-infectious conditions through mtDNA and the mitochondrial MAVS protein. Mitochondrial involvement has been also determined in PRR-related mechanisms as mtDNA has the ability to directly stimulate TLRs. On the other hand, mitochondria are also associated with apoptotic cell death and autophagy.

Plasma Levels of Protein S, Protein C, and Factor X: Effects of Sex, Hormonal State and Age

1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (05) ◽  
pp. 1271-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
C M A Henkens ◽  
V J J Bom ◽  
W van der Schaaf ◽  
P M Pelsma ◽  
C Th Smit Sibinga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Protein S ◽  
The Other ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Normal Ranges

SummaryWe measured total and free protein S (PS), protein C (PC) and factor X (FX) in 393 healthy blood donors to assess differences in relation to sex, hormonal state and age. All measured proteins were lower in women as compared to men, as were levels in premenopausal women as compared to postmenopausal women. Multiple regression analysis showed that both age and subgroup (men, pre- and postmenopausal women) were of significance for the levels of total and free PS and PC, the subgroup effect being caused by the differences between the premenopausal women and the other groups. This indicates a role of sex-hormones, most likely estrogens, in the regulation of levels of pro- and anticoagulant factors under physiologic conditions. These differences should be taken into account in daily clinical practice and may necessitate different normal ranges for men, pre- and postmenopausal women.

On the role of the dispute between "non-possessors" and "Josephites" in the culture of Moscow's prediction

1998 ◽  
pp. 61-62
Author(s):  
N. S. Jurtueva
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Moral Transformation ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
The Future ◽  
Secular Power

In the XIV century. centripetal tendencies began to appear in the Moscow principality. Inside the Russian church, several areas were distinguished. Part of the clergy supported the specificobar form. The other understood the need for transformations in society. As a result, this led to a split in the Russian church in the 15th century for "non-possessors" and "Josephites". The former linked the fate of the future with the ideology of hesychasm and its moral transformation, while the latter sought support in alliance with a strong secular power.

From Container to Claustrum: Projective Identification in Couples

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Projective Identification ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intimate Partners ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
As If

This paper is a contribution to the growing literature on the role of projective identification in understanding couples' dynamics. Projective identification as a defence is well suited to couples, as intimate partners provide an ideal location to deposit unwanted parts of the self. This paper illustrates how projective identification functions differently depending on the psychological health of the couple. It elucidates how healthier couples use projective identification more as a form of communication, whereas disturbed couples are inclined to employ it to invade and control the other, as captured by Meltzer's concept of "intrusive identification". These different uses of projective identification affect couples' capacities to provide what Bion called "containment". In disturbed couples, partners serve as what Meltzer termed "claustrums" whereby projections are not contained, but imprisoned or entombed in the other. Applying the concept of claustrum helps illuminate common feelings these couples express, such as feeling suffocated, stifled, trapped, held hostage, or feeling as if the relationship is killing them. Finally, this paper presents treatment challenges in working with more disturbed couples.

Thomas More's “rule” of pleasure before, after, and inUtopia

Moreana ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (Number 207) (1) ◽  
pp. 36-56
Author(s):  
Gerard Wegemer
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Biblical Allusions ◽  
De Officiis

After establishing a context of More's lifelong engagement with the “calculus” of pleasure, this essay shows how the section devoted to the Utopians' pleasure philosophy is structured around five formulations of a “rule” to calculate “true and honest [honesta]” pleasure in ways that playfully imitate and echo the “rule” Cicero formulates several times in De officiis to discern one's duty when there seems to be a conflict between honestas et utilitas. When followed, the Utopian pleasure calculus shows the necessary role of societas, officii, iustitia, caritas, and the other aspects of human nature, most importantly friendship, that Cicero stresses in his rule and that he argued Epicurus ignored. Much of the irony and humor of this section depends on seeing the predominance of Ciceronian vocabulary in Raphael's unusual defense [patrocinium] of pleasure, rather than a Ciceronian defense of duty rooted in honestas. Throughout, however, this essay also shows how More goes beyond Cicero by including Augustinian and biblical allusions to suggest ways that our final end is not as Epicurus or the Stoics or Cicero claim; the language and allusions of this section point to a level of good cheer and care for neighbors and for God in ways quite different from any classical thinker.

BLOCKADE OF THE SURGE OF PROLACTIN AT PRO-OESTRUS BY ADMINISTRATION OF ANTI-OESTROGENIC SUBSTANCE, MER-25

1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Yokoyama ◽  
Hiroshi Tomogane ◽  
Katuaki Ôta
Keyword(s):  
Strong Evidence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand

ABSTRACT A non-steroidal oestrogen antagonist, MER-25, was administered to cycling rats for elucidating the role of oestrogen in the surge of prolactin observed on the afternoon of pro-oestrus (POe). In animals injected with 20 mg of MER-25 intramuscularly on the afternoon (16.30 h) of the first day of dioestrus (D-1), the surge of prolactin was blocked while the level of prolactin on the afternoon of POe of these animals was significantly higher than that of the corresponding controls injected with oil. Ovulation was also blocked in these animals treated with the drug on the afternoon of D-l. On the other hand, treatment on the morning (10.30 h) of the 2nd day of dioestrus failed to prevent not only the surge of prolactin but also ovulation. These observations provide strong evidence for the view that oestrogen is responsible for the surge of prolactin on the afternoon of POe, and that the surge is accompanied by that of LH.

ROLE OF THE THYROID GLAND IN DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF RENAL HYPERTENSION IN RATS

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIV (III) ◽  
pp. 411-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin J. Fregly ◽  
Kenneth M. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Rate Increase ◽  
Renal Hypertension ◽  
The Other ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Testicular Size

ABSTRACT The anti-thyroid drugs, thiouracil, propylthiouracil, and methimazole, prevented both development of elevated blood pressure and cardiac hypertrophy usually accompanying kidney encapsulation with latex envelopes. These drugs also reduced elevated blood pressure of rats with hypertension of 13 to 40 weeks' duration prior to drug administration. Addition of desiccated thyroid powder to diet containing an anti-thyroid drug overcame the anti-hypertensive effect of the latter. Withdrawal of thyroid powder only was followed by return of blood pressure to previous low level within 3 weeks. The results suggest that the anti-hypertensive effect of these drugs is related directly to the hypothyroidism produced rather than to extrathyroidal effects of the drugs. Comparison of potencies of the 3 drugs in terms of anti-hypertensive effect, inhibition of growth rate, increase in testicular size, and increase in thyroid size suggests that propylthiouracil and methimazole are equally potent per unit weight of drug. Thiouracil has approximately half the potency of the other two.

AD SKIP BUTTON AND AD EXPOSURE DURATION: THE MODERATING ROLE OF MOTIVES IN PRE-ROLL ADS.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1498-1502
Author(s):  
Yongwoog Andy Jeon ◽  
◽  
Yuhosua Ryoo ◽  
Kacy Kim ◽  
Sukki Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Duration ◽  
Moderating Role

PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK DAN RELIGIUSITAS TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN NASABAH PRODUK SIMPANAN PADA BSM CABANG PURWOKERTO

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-215
Author(s):  
Yoiz Shofwa Shafrani
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
The Other ◽  
Financial Assets ◽  
Islamic Bank

Perkembangan dunia perbankan syariah tidak lepas dari peran para nasabah yang memberikan kepercayaan terhadap pihak perbankan untuk penyimpanan asset keuangannya. Faktanya banyak kelompok nasabah yang memutuskan untuk menjadi nasabah di perbankan syariah karena faktor religiusitasnya. Faktor lain yang dapat ikut mempengaruhi keputusan nasabah adalah kualitas produk. Di mana kualitas produk merupakan karakteristik yang melekat dari suatu produk. Kemungkinan yang terjadi bahwa kebanyakan nasabah pada perbankan syariah juga masih merupakan nasabah perbankan konvensional.Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas produk dan tingkat religiusitas nasabah terhadap keputusan nasabah untuk menyimpan dananya atau tidak di BSM Cabang Purwokerto. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda, dengan jumlah sampel 100 nasabah. Diperoleh hasil Y = 5,046 + 0,101X1 + 0,218X2. Berdasarkan uji F yang sudah dilakukan maka dapat diketahui bahwa variabel kualitas produk dan religiusitas secara bersama – sama berpengaruh terhadap keputusan nasabah untuk menyimpan dananya di BSM Cabang Purwokerto. Berdasarkan uji t yang sudah dilakukan dapat diketahui bahwa secara partial baik variabel kualitas produk maupun variabel religiusitas berpengaruh terhadap keputusan nasabah untuk menyimpan dananya di BSM Cabang Purwokerto. The progress of the Islamic bank cannot be separated from the role of its customers who give trust to the bank to deposit their financial assets. It is a fact many groups of customers decide to be the customers of the Islamic bank because of their religiosity. The other influences factor of a customer’s decision is the quality of the product. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of product quality and level of customers’ religiosity towards customers’ decision whether to keep their funds in Syariah Mandiri Bank, Branch of Purwokerto, or not. The analytical tool used was multiple linear regression analysis, with a sample of 100 customers. The results indicate Y = 5,046 + 0,101X1 + 0,218X2. Based on F, it can be seen that both variables of product quality and religiosity simultanously affect the customers’ decision to keep theirfunds in BSM Branch of Purwokerto. Based on t test, it can be seen that independently, either variable of product quality or variables of religiosityinfluences the customers’ decision to keep their funds in BSM Branch of Purwokerto.

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