The Effect of Marker Frequency Disparity on the Discrimination of Gap Duration in Monkeys

Perception ◽  
10.1068/p2812 ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Izumi
Keyword(s):  
Marker Frequency

Comments on the use of blood marker frequency data

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.A.J. Walsh ◽  
M.E. Lawton ◽  
J.S. Buckleton ◽  
G.A.F. Seber ◽  
D.G. Woodfield
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Data ◽  
Blood Marker ◽  
Marker Frequency

scholarly journals The order of replication of chromosomal markers inPseudomonas aeruginosastrain 1: I. Marker frequency analysis by transduction

1974 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Booker ◽  
J. S. Loutit
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Relative Position ◽  
Circular Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Map ◽  
Chromosomal Markers ◽  
Marker Frequency ◽  
Slow Growing

SUMMARYThe generalized transducing phage F116 has been used to prepare lysates from fast- and slow-growing cultures ofPseudomonas aeruginosastrain 1. These lysates have been used to transduce a number of auxotrophic markers to prototrophy and the ratios of the numbers of transductants obtained with each lysate have been determined. Since the markers are those which have been mapped by conjugation in previous studies it has been possible to compare the ratios obtained for each marker with the relative position of the marker on the chromosome map. If the assumption is made that there is only one circular chromosome inP. aeruginosastrain 1 it is possible to suggest a way in which two apparently unlinked segments might be joined together. It is also possible to suggest that the chromosome replicates sequentially in two directions from a fixed origin.

scholarly journals Multiple replication origins with diverse control mechanisms in Haloarcula hispanica

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 2282-2294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenfang Wu ◽  
Jingfang Liu ◽  
Haibo Yang ◽  
Hailong Liu ◽  
Hua Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Replication Initiation ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Replication Origins ◽  
Dna Mutation ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Marker Frequency ◽  
Haloarcula Hispanica ◽  
Specific Control ◽  
Main Chromosome ◽  
Multiple Replication

Abstract The use of multiple replication origins in archaea is not well understood. In particular, little is known about their specific control mechanisms. Here, we investigated the active replication origins in the three replicons of a halophilic archaeon, Haloarcula hispanica, by extensive gene deletion, DNA mutation and genome-wide marker frequency analyses. We revealed that individual origins are specifically dependent on their co-located cdc6 genes, and a single active origin/cdc6 pairing is essential and sufficient for each replicon. Notably, we demonstrated that the activities of oriC1 and oriC2, the two origins on the main chromosome, are differently controlled. A G-rich inverted repeat located in the internal region between the two inverted origin recognition boxes (ORBs) plays as an enhancer for oriC1, whereas the replication initiation at oriC2 is negatively regulated by an ORB-rich region located downstream of oriC2-cdc6E, likely via Cdc6E-titrating. The oriC2 placed on a plasmid is incompatible with the wild-type (but not the ΔoriC2) host strain, further indicating that strict control of the oriC2 activity is important for the cell. This is the first report revealing diverse control mechanisms of origins in haloarchaea, which has provided novel insights into the use and coordination of multiple replication origins in the domain of Archaea.

scholarly journals Comparison of Genetic Diversity in Core and Whole Germplasm Collections for Phaseolus vulgaris L.

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 772E-772
Author(s):  
J. Nienhuis ◽  
P. Skroch ◽  
M. Sass ◽  
S. Beebe ◽  
J. Tohme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
The Core ◽  
Germplasm Collections ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Marker Frequency ◽  
Seed Characteristics

The number of Phaseolus vulgaris germplasm accessions numbers more than 30,000. While the large numbers of accessions increase the probability of preserving genetic variability they simultaneously limit the efficient and routine utilization of this resource. From the approximately 4000 P. vulgaris accessions in the C.I.A.T. whole collection that were collected in Mexico, a core collection of 400 accessions was developed based on variation for agronomic performance, ecological adaptation, and seed characteristics. Random samples of 90 accessions each were drawn from the core and whole collections and evaluated for 224 polymorphic RAPD bands. Based on analysis of the RAPD data there were no significant differences in genetic diversity between the two samples. The correlation of marker frequency for the two samples was 0.984 confirming that the two samples represent the same population.

scholarly journals Effect of Miracil D on Marker Frequency Ratio and Cytotoxicity in Bacillus subtilis

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 835-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Haidle ◽  
B. R. Brinkley ◽  
Manley Mandel
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Frequency Ratio ◽  
Marker Frequency

scholarly journals Mapping Mendelian traits in asexual progeny using changes in marker allele frequency

2011 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAYANTHAN LOGESWARAN ◽  
NICK H. BARTON
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Allele Frequency ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Marker Allele ◽  
Major Locus ◽  
Multiple Generations ◽  
Marker Allele Frequency ◽  
Initial Population Size ◽  
Marker Frequency

SummaryLinkage between markers and genes that affect a phenotype of interest may be determined by examining differences in marker allele frequency in the extreme progeny of a cross between two inbred lines. This strategy is usually employed when pooling is used to reduce genotyping costs. When the cross progeny are asexual, the extreme progeny may be selected by multiple generations of asexual reproduction and selection. We analyse this method of measuring phenotype in asexual progeny and examine the changes in marker allele frequency due to selection over many generations. Stochasticity in marker frequency in the selected population arises due to the finite initial population size. We derive the distribution of marker frequency as a result of selection at a single major locus, and show that in order to avoid spurious changes in marker allele frequency in the selected population, the initial population size should be in the low to mid hundreds.

scholarly journals Multiple Replication Origins of Halobacterium sp. Strain NRC-1: Properties of the Conserved orc7-Dependent oriC1

2009 ◽  
Vol 191 (16) ◽  
pp. 5253-5261 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Coker ◽  
Priya DasSarma ◽  
Melinda Capes ◽  
Tammitia Wallace ◽  
Karen McGarrity ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Sites ◽  
Replication Initiation ◽  
Replication Origins ◽  
Circular Chromosome ◽  
Autonomously Replicating Sequence ◽  
Initiation Point ◽  
Point Analysis ◽  
Gene Orthologs ◽  
Marker Frequency ◽  
Multiple Replication

ABSTRACT The eukaryote-like DNA replication system of the model haloarchaeon Halobacterium NRC-1 is encoded within a circular chromosome and two large megaplasmids or minichromosomes, pNRC100 and pNRC200. We previously showed by genetic analysis that 2 (orc2 and orc10) of the 10 genes coding for Orc-Cdc6 replication initiator proteins were essential, while a third (orc7), located near a highly conserved autonomously replicating sequence, oriC1, was nonessential for cell viability. Here we used whole-genome marker frequency analysis (MFA) and found multiple peaks, indicative of multiple replication origins. The largest chromosomal peaks were located proximal to orc7 (oriC1) and orc10 (oriC2), and the largest peaks on the extrachromosomal elements were near orc9 (oriP1) in both pNRC100 and -200 and near orc4 (oriP2) in pNRC200. MFA of deletion strains containing different combinations of chromosomal orc genes showed that replication initiation at oriC1 requires orc7 but not orc6 and orc8. The initiation sites at oriC1 were determined by replication initiation point analysis and found to map divergently within and near an AT-rich element flanked by likely Orc binding sites. The oriC1 region, Orc binding sites, and orc7 gene orthologs were conserved in all sequenced haloarchaea. Serial deletion of orc genes resulted in the construction of a minimal strain containing not only orc2 and orc10 but also orc9. Our results suggest that replication in this model system is intriguing and more complex than previously thought. We discuss these results from the perspective of the replication strategy and evolution of haloarchaeal genomes.

scholarly journals Directional RAPD Marker Frequency Changes in Two Divergently Selected Beet Populations

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 841C-841
Author(s):  
K.A. Eagen ◽  
I.L. Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Family Selection ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Selection Scheme ◽  
Red Beet ◽  
Frequency Changes ◽  
Marker Frequency ◽  
Linear Trends

In the past 20 years, betalain pigments found in red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) have been adopted for use as natural red food coloring. In an effort to develop red beet populations with elevated levels of betalain pigment, recurrent half-sib family selection for high pigment and both high and low solids was practiced for seven cycles, resulting in the development of a high pigment–high solids (HPHS) and a high pigment–low solids (HPLS) population. Thirty-one randomly selected decamer primers were chosen to assess RAPD marker frequencies on genomic DNA samples isolated from 47 randomly chosen individual plants in each of cycles 1, 3, and 6 in both HPHS and HPLS. A total of 161 RAPD markers were evaluated. Chi-square and regression analyses were performed to determine presence/absence of linear trends in marker frequencies during the selection scheme. Comparisons were made for individual cycles between HPHS and HPLS and among cycles within HPHS and HPLS. Significant linear trends were detected in both cases for key RAPD primers. Chi-square tests revealed a subset of the markers which exhibited significant frequency changes across cycles were associated with selection as opposed to genetic drift. These data demonstrate changes in RAPD marker frequencies with recurrent selection and suggest linkage of RAPD markers to genes controlling pigment and solids in red beet.

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