Influence of pellet length changes at 4, 5 and 6 weeks of age and two pellet diameters on growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler finishers

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 950 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Abdollahi ◽  
V. Ravindran
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Trial Period ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Pellet Diameter ◽  
Durability Index ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Length Changes

A 2 × 4 factorial arrangement of treatments was used to evaluate the effects of two pellet diameters and four pellet length–week combinations on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of broilers (days 22 to 42). A broiler finisher diet based on wheat and soybean meal was formulated. Pelleted diets were manufactured in four different sizes: (i) 3 mm diameter (D3) and 7 mm length (L7), (ii) D3, 9 mm length (L9), (iii) 4.76 mm diameter (D4.76), L7, (iv) D4.76, L9. The four pellet sizes were then used to develop eight feeding treatments: (i) D3 and L7 pellets during weeks 4, 5, and 6 (L777); (ii) D3 and L7 during weeks 4 and 5, and L9 during week 6 (L779); (iii) D3 and L7 during week 4, and L9 during weeks 5 and 6 (L799); (iv) D3 and L9 during weeks 4, 5, and 6 (L999); (v) D4.76 and L7 during weeks 4, 5 and 6 (L777); (vi) D4.76 and L7 during weeks 4 and 5, and L9 during week 6 (L779); (vii) D4.76 and L7 during week 4, and L9 during weeks 5 and 6 (L799); (viii) D4.76 and L9 during weeks 4, 5, and 6 (L999). Increasing the pellet length from 7 to 9 mm increased pellet hardness at both pellet diameters and improved the pellet durability index in D3 pellets but had no effect in D4.76 pellets. Over the whole trial period (days 22–42), birds fed D3 pellets were heavier and had lower feed per gain and higher carcass yield than those fed D4.76 pellets. Feeding length–week combination L999 resulted in lower carcass yield than L777, L779, and L799. Overall, it is concluded that whilst broiler finishers express a preference for a smaller pellet diameter, there is no negative effect of pellet length (up to 9 mm) on performance parameters even when offered as early as day 21.

scholarly journals By-products of apricot processing in quail feed: Effects on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat physicochemical quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 878-883
Author(s):  
Fatma Boubekeur ◽  
Rafik Arbouche ◽  
Yasmine Arbouche ◽  
Fodil Arbouche
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
By Products

Background and Aim: The rearing of quails can have a stronger attraction for the breeders if we lower the cost prices by introducing by-products in their feed formulas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the partial substitution of soybean meal by apricot kernel cake (AKC) in the diet of quails, applied either sequentially or during all phases of rearing, on their growth performances, carcass characteristics, and meat physicochemical composition. Materials and Methods: A total of 600 one-day-old quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica), with equal sex ratio and weighing on average 7±0.2 g, were randomly distributed in one control group and three experimental groups, the latter being designed according to the rate of application of AKC in either sequential or non-sequential mode in different rearing phases. Each group was divided into five replicates of 30 quails, randomly distributed according to either substitution rate of soybean meal by the AKC (0%, 10%, 20%, or 30%) or farming phase. Results: The average daily gain from the 1st to 45th days (average daily gain1–45d) was found to be the highest (4.24 g/d/subject, p=0.021) for the 30% AKC-supplemented feed lot in either starter or finish incorporation (DFTAA), having an optimum final live weight of 193.4 g (p=0.028), a lowest feed conversion ratio of 3.08 (p=0.001), and a daily feed intake of 860 g (p=0.01). Carcass yield was recorded the highest (74.4%, p=0.02) with an optimum meat protein level (30.6%, p=0.024) and the lowest fat content (2.26%, p=0.001) for the same group as well. Conclusion: The partial substitution of soybean meal by AKC in the quails' fattening feeding, during the finishing phase and for all rearing phases, led to a better growth performance, a better carcass yield, and an improved chemical composition of meat.

scholarly journals PSII-19 Effect of inclusion level of synthetic lysine, threonine, methionine, and tryptophan in corn-soybean meal and DDGS based diets for grow-finish pigs on growth performance and carcass characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 174-174
Author(s):  
Caleb J Grohmann ◽  
Michael Ellis ◽  
Omarh F Mendoza ◽  
Caleb M Shull
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Synthetic Amino Acids ◽  
Inclusion Level

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the effect of increasing dietary synthetic amino acids L-Lysine HCl, L-Threonine, Alimet®, and L-Tryptophan inclusion level at the expense of soybean meal on growth performance during the grow-finish period (46.2 ± 0.55 to 127.4 ± 0.83 kg BW) and carcass characteristics of pigs reared under commercial conditions. The study used a RCBD with 2 dietary treatments: 1). Control: 0.309, 0.029, 0.028, and 0.000 g/kg of synthetic lysine, methionine, threonine, and tryptophan, respectively; 2). High Inclusion: 0.422, 0.069, 0.047, and 0.014 g/kg, respectively. Diets were corn-soybean meal based with DDGS (20.6% for both diets) formulated to be isocaloric and to the same SID amino acid levels but varied in soybean meal inclusion (14.1 and 10.2%, for the Control and High Inclusion, respectively) and crude protein content (17.7 and 16.4%, respectively). A total of 3,520 barrows and gilts were used, housed in single-sex pens of 32 (22 replicates) at a floor space of 0.67 m2/pig. Pigs had ad libitum access to feed and water throughout the study. Pen was the experimental unit and data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS; the model accounted for fixed effect of dietary treatment and the random effect of block. There was no effect of dietary treatment on final live weight, overall ADFI, hot carcass weight, backfat depth, or longissimus muscle depth. However, the High Inclusion treatment had lower overall ADG (P ≤ 0.01) and overall G:F (P ≤ 0.05), but greater (P ≤ 0.01) carcass yield than the Control treatment. These results suggest that increasing the inclusion of synthetic amino acids in corn-soybean and DDGS based diets for growing-finishing pigs to the levels evaluated negatively impacted growth rate and feed efficiency but increased carcass yield.

scholarly journals The Effect of Replacing Dried Meal Worm with Soybean Meal on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navid Naderi Boroojerdi ◽  
Mostafa Rajabzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract An experiment was conducted on 240 one-day old male (Ross308) chicken to the effect of substitution of dried mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) with soybean meal on growth performance and carcass characteristics broiler chicks. Chicks fed in a completely randomized design with 4 replicate cages (12 birds per cage). Five dietary treatments used: 1- Control treatment: Basal diet based on corn-soybean meal without adding dried mealworm, 2- Replacement of 5% dried mealworm with soybean meal in the base diet, 3- Replacement of 10% dried mealworm with soybean meal in the base diet, 4- Replacement of 15% dried mealworm with soybean meal in the base diet and 5- Replacement of 20% dried mealworm with soybean meal in the base diet. The results of the experiment showed that 3rd and 4th treatments with a substitution of 10 and 15 percent showed a higher mean weight gain and a daily gain, but their feed intake was lower comparing other treatments, and finally, the feed conversion ratio showed a significant decrease with respect to control treatment using these replacement levels. At 21 and 42 days of age, carcass yield and relative weight of the breasts showed significant increases in treatments 3 and 4, and other characteristics of chicken carcasses were not affected by the test treatments. The experiment showed that replacing soybean meal with 10% and 15% worm powder significantly improved the performance of broiler chickens, but no significant difference was found between the two levels.

Effects of concentrates rich in by-products on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality traits of light lambs

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 593 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Avilés Ramírez ◽  
F. Peña Blanco ◽  
A. Horcada Ibáñez ◽  
N. Núñez Sánchez ◽  
F. Requena Domenech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Meat Quality Traits ◽  
Alternative Ingredients ◽  
Camelina Meal ◽  
Feedlot Lambs ◽  
By Products

The effects of feeding concentrates with alternative ingredients to cereal and soybean meal on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality traits of feedlot lambs were studied. A total of 105 non-castrated male lambs were randomly assigned to one of three treatments (5 replicates per treatment): Control (CON, similar to commercial concentrates), Camelina (CAM, where camelina meal replaced 50% of the crude protein from the soybean meal in the CON concentrate), and Fibrous (FIB, concentrate without cereals and soybean meal, with camelina meal in addition to several by-products, and 20% less energy). The CAM treatment performed as well as the CON one. The FIB treatment increased feed conversion rate and tended to improve the redness and the oxidative stability. The CAM and FIB were economically more favourable. We found that a concentrate for feedlot lambs based on alternative ingredients, including several by-products, could be a feasible alternative to typical cereal-soybean meal-based concentrates.

Influence of feed ingredients with pellet-binding properties on physical pellet quality, growth performance, carcass characteristics and nutrient retention in broiler chickens

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Moradi ◽  
Soudabeh Moradi ◽  
M. Reza Abdollahi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Pellet Quality ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Sodium Bentonite ◽  
Pellet Diameter

The influence of inclusion of pellet binder on physical pellet quality, growth performance, carcass characteristics and total tract apparent retention of nutrients was examined. Broiler starter (Days 1–21, pellet diameter: 2.5 mm) and finisher (Days 22–42, pellet diameter: 4 mm) diets were formulated and then allocated to one of the seven treatments including control diet, and diets including sodium bentonite (10 and 20 g/kg), wheat gluten (10 and 20 g/kg) and wheat (100 and 200 g/kg). All ingredients used as a pellet binder significantly (P < 0.05) increased the pellet-durability index compared with control diet. Wheat gluten and wheat at both inclusion rates were significantly (P < 0.05) more efficient than was sodium bentonite in improving pellet hardness. From Day 1 to Day 42, chickens fed 10 g/kg wheat gluten and 100 and 200 g/kg wheat gained significantly (P < 0.05) more weight than did control. During starters, birds fed 200 g/kg wheat showed the highest feed intake (P < 0.05). On Day 42, all the pellet binders resulted in a heavier heart weight than in the control (P < 0.05). At Day 21, the length of ileum was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in birds fed 10 and 20 g/kg sodium bentonite, 10 g/kg wheat gluten and 200 g/kg wheat, but at Day 42, it was greater in birds fed 20 g/kg wheat gluten and 200 g/kg wheat than in those fed the control diet. Inclusion of wheat gluten (10 and 20 g/kg) and wheat (100 and 200 g/kg) increased (P < 0.05) fat apparent retention. Birds fed 20 g/kg wheat gluten had a significantly (P < 0.05) higher total tract apparent retention of crude fibre, also calcium apparent retention improved by wheat gluten inclusion at concentrations of 10 and 20 g/kg compared with control (P < 0.05). Overall, inclusion of 10 g/kg wheat gluten, and 100 and 200 g/kg of wheat improved physical pellet quality and weight gain in broilers.

Effect of expanded diets on growth performance, meat quality and carcass characteristics in finishing pigs

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Jian Lei ◽  
Jun Bae ◽  
Ju Lee ◽  
Sang Lee ◽  
In Kim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Daily Gain

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of expanded diets on growth performance, meat quality, and carcass characteristics in finishing pigs. A total of 80 finishing pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] were randomly allotted to two dietary treatments: 1) unexpanded corn-soybean meal diets; 2) expanded corn-soybean meal diets. Each treatment consisted of ten replicate pens with four pigs (2 gilts and 2 barrows) per pen. There were no differences in daily feed intake and daily gain throughout the experiment (P less than 0.05). However, expanded diets decreased feed conversion ratio compared with unexpanded diets (P less than 0.05). Expanded diets had no effect on carcass characteristics and meat quality with the exception of increased sensory evaluation (color) of meat compared with unexpanded diets (P less than 0.05). In conclusion, expanded diets can improve feed conversion ratio but have no effect on daily gain and daily feed intake and sensory evaluation of meat color.

scholarly journals PSII-5 Carcass characteristics and growth performance of market pigs fed reduced lysine diets in bedded hoop barns

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 229-230
Author(s):  
Peter J Lammers ◽  
Chad A Stahl ◽  
Mark S Honeyman
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
P Value ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Des Moines

Abstract A 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design was used to compare the effect of SID Lys:ME concentration (current vs. reduced), stocking density (1.30 vs. 4.05 m2/pig), and harvest month (August vs. March) on pigs raised in bedded hoop barns in Western Iowa. For each harvest month, 420 pigs produced from the mating of Duroc boars (Choice Genetics; West Des Moines, IA) to Camborough females (PIC; Hendersonville, TN) were sorted into 12 pens. Six pens were inside 3 large-scale (9.1 × 18.3 m) hoop barns and were stocked with 64 pigs/pen (32 barrows and 32 gilts; 1.30 m2/ pig). Six pens were inside 3 small-scale (6.0 × 10.8 m) hoop barns and were stocked with 6 pigs/pen (3 barrows and 3 gilts; 4.05 m2/pig). Within each stocking density, pens were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 diets which were fed in 2 phases. Corn-soybean meal diets were formulated to deliver 2.94 or 2.34 g SID Lys per Mcal ME in phase 1 (72.6–95.0 kg) and 2.34 or 1.76 g SID Lys per Mcal ME in phase 2 (> 95.0 kg). Pigs were individually weighed every 28 days and feed disappearance was recorded. When pigs in a pen averaged 129.3 kg the entire pen of pigs were harvested. A single chop (last-rib location; 2.54 cm thick) was collected from each carcass to assess pork quality. Pigs harvested in the summer grew faster, more efficiently, and with more intramuscular fat than those harvested in winter (P-value ≤ 0.05) but had lower 10th rib pH (P-value < 0.0001). Pigs allotted 4.05 m2/pig grew more efficiently but had reduced last rib pH as compared to pigs stocked at 1.30 m2/pig (P-value < 0.05). Reducing SID Lys:ME did not impact growth performance or carcass characteristics (P-value > 0.10). Lower concentrations of SID Lys:ME may be adequate for pigs housed in bedded hoop barns but further study is warranted.

scholarly journals Effects of zilpaterol hydrochloride and zinc methionine on growth performance and carcass characteristics of beef bulls

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Rodríguez-Gaxiola ◽  
Ignacio A. Domínguez-Vara ◽  
Rubén Barajas-Cruz ◽  
María A. Mariezcurrema-Berasain ◽  
José L. Bórquez-Gastelum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Zilpaterol Hydrochloride ◽  
Zinc Methionine ◽  
Beef Bulls

Rodríguez-Gaxiola, M. A., Domínguez-Vara, I. A., Barajas-Cruz, R., Mariezcurrema-Berasain, M. A., Bórquez-Gastelum, J. L. and Cervantes-Pacheco, B. J. 2015. Effects of zilpaterol hydrochloride and zinc methionine on growth performance and carcass characteristics of beef bulls. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 609–615. Sixty beef bulls with a body weight (BW) of 314.7±16.2 kg were used to evaluate the effects of zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) and zinc methionine (ZM) on growth performance and carcass characteristics. The experimental design was a randomized complete block, with a factorial 2×2 arrangement of treatments (ZH: 0 and 0.15 mg kg−1 BW; ZM: 0 and 80 mg kg−1 dry matter). The ZH increased (P<0.05) the final BW, average daily gain, feed conversion, carcass yield and longissimus dorsi area. Bulls fed ZH plus ZM had less (P<0.01) backfat thickness and intramuscular fat (IMF) compared with those fed ZH or ZM alone. The ZH increased (P<0.02) the meat crude protein content and cooking loss. It is therefore concluded that ZH increases growth performance, carcass yield, longissimus dorsi area, and meat crude protein. The interaction of ZM and ZH did not present additional advantages. The reason for the reduction in backfat thickness and IMF by ZH plus ZM is unclear, and implies that our knowledge of β-agonistic adrenergic substances and their interactions with minerals is incomplete.

scholarly journals PSIX-10 Effects of SID Lysine:Calorie NE ratio on the Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of DNA 600 Sired Pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 181-181
Author(s):  
Brittany Carrender ◽  
Hayden E Williams ◽  
Mandy Gerhart ◽  
Kyle Coble ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract A total of 2,673 mixed sex pigs (DNA 600 × PIC 1050; initially 21.4 kg BW) were used in a 117-d study to evaluate the effects of increasing SID Lysine:Calorie NE ratio on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of DNA sired pigs. Pens of pigs (30 pigs/pen) were blocked by BW and location and allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 18 pens per treatment. Treatments were 90%, 95%, 100%, or 105% of the 2016 PIC recommended SID Lysine:Calorie NE ratio for finishing gilts. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete-block design with pen as the experimental unit. Overall (d 0-117), increasing Lysine:Calorie NE tended to improve ADG (Linear; P = 0.077) and G:F (Linear; P = 0.053). Although there was an increase in ADG with increasing SID Lysine:Calorie NE, there was no evidence for a difference (P &gt; 0.100) in final BW. The lack of BW response is most likely due to the lower (Quadratic; P &lt; 0.008) removal rate as SID Lysine:Calorie NE increased. Carcass ADG (Linear; P &lt; 0.064) tended to improve as SID Lysine: Calorie NE increased. An improvement in carcass G:F (Quadratic; P &lt; 0.004) was observed as SID Lysine:Calorie NE increased to 100% PIC (2016) recommendations, with little improvement observed thereafter. No significant differences were observed in carcass yield, loin depth, back fat, or % lean. These results suggests that DNA sired pigs fed increasing SID Lysine:Calorie NE ratios tended to have improved growth performance with no impact on carcass quality.

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