Influence of Acacia tortilis leaf meal-based diet on serum biochemistry, carcass characteristics and internal organs of finishing pigs

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 675 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Khanyile ◽  
S. P. Ndou ◽  
M. Chimonyo
Keyword(s):  
Relative Weight ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Acacia Tortilis ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Leaf Meal

Dietary inclusion of tannin-rich leguminous leaf meals beyond threshold levels can impose toxicity and compromise welfare of pigs. The objective of the study was to determine the response of metabolites, carcass characteristics and internal organs of finishing pigs to Acacia tortilis leaf meal inclusion levels. Thirty Large White × Landrace pigs (61.6 ± 1.23 kg bodyweight) were randomly allotted to six dietary treatments, to give five replicates per treatment. The treatments contained 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 g/kg of A. tortilis leaf meal and were rendered iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous. An increase in A. tortilis inclusion was related to an initial increase and then a decrease in feed intake (P < 0.05), weight gain (P < 0.001) and feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05). Serum concentrations of iron and activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatases increased quadratically (P < 0.001) as A. tortilis leaf meal increased. There was a significant linear increase in alanine aminotransferase activity with leaf meal incremental level. Hepatosomatic index, scaled kidney weight and scaled heart weight increased linearly (P < 0.001) as A. tortilis increased. There was a quadratic increase in the relative weight of lungs (P < 0.001) as leaf meal increased. Although quadratic decreases (P < 0.01) in cold-dressed mass and dressing percentage were observed with incremental levels of A. tortilis leaf meal, there was a linear decrease (P < 0.05) in backfat thickness. It was concluded that serum biochemistry, internal organs and carcass characteristics respond differently to increases in A. tortilis inclusion. The A. tortilis leaf meal can be supplemented in finishing pig diets at low levels before feed efficiency and carcass characteristics are negatively affected.

Response in carcass yield, organ weights, and gut morphology of broiler chickens to incremental levels of Vachellia tortilis leaf meal

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-291
Author(s):  
A. Miya ◽  
A.N. Sithole ◽  
N. Mthethwa ◽  
M. Khanyile ◽  
M. Chimonyo
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Gut Morphology ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Breast Weight

The objective of this study was to assess the carcass yield, organ weights, and gut morphology response to Vachellia tortilis inclusion in broilers. Unsexed 14-d-old Cobb500™ chicks were randomly assigned to six diets containing 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 g kg−1 dry matter of V. tortilis leaf meal. The slaughter weight (SW), dressed carcass weight (DCW), breast weight, thigh weight (TW), drumstick weight (DW), and internal organs were measured. Villus height (VH), crypt depth (CD), epithelial, submucosa, and muscularis thickness were taken. The apparent villus surface area (AVSA) and villus to crypt ratio were calculated. There was a linear decrease in SW and DCW (P < 0.05) with the increase of V. tortilis leaf meal. The SW and DCW decreased by 0.77 and 5.25 g for each g kg−1 increase in V. tortilis, respectively. The TW and DW showed no relationship with levels of V. tortilis leaf meal. The relative weight of gizzard, intestine, stomach, heart, and kidney increased linearly (P < 0.05) as levels of V. tortilis increased. The relative weight of the liver was not related to V. tortilis inclusion. The VH, AVSA, VH to CD ratio, as well as submucosa, muscularis, and epithelial thicknesses linearly increased as the V. tortilis inclusion level increased. There was no relationship between V. tortilis leaf meal inclusion and CD (P > 0.05). The increased morphological measurements suggest that leaf meal inclusion alters gut physiology and could influence the digestion and absorption of nutrients in broilers.

scholarly journals Effect of Feeding Moringa oleifera Leaf Meal with Multienzyme on Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Economics of Production of Broiler Chicks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Meel ◽  
T. Sharma ◽  
Monika Joshi ◽  
M.L. Gurjar ◽  
S.K. Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Wide Range

Background: Moringa leaves have wide range of medicinal value including antimicrobial property. Therefore, it could be an alternative of antibiotic growth promoters in poultry but the presence of phytate and other anti-nutrients can reduce the bioavailability of certain nutrients. Enzymes may reduce anti-nutrients effect, break down non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs), reduce intestinal viscosity and ultimately improve digestibility of nutrients by improving gut performance. An experiment was conducted to assess the effect of supplementation of Moringa oleifera leaf meal with multienzyme on the performance, carcass characteristics and economics of broiler chicks. Methods: Day-old, 150 broiler chicks (Vencobb-400) were randomly allotted to five treatment groups. The T1 i.e. control group was fed on basal diet, while, T2, T3, T4 and T5 treatment groups were supplemented with 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% of moringa leaf meal in combination with multienzyme @ 50g/100kg feed in the basal broiler starter and finisher ration, respectively.Result: Body weight gain was higher (P less than 0.01) in broilers fed diet supplemented with 1.5% Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) and multienzyme at 3 or 6 weeks of age. The best feed conversion ratio (FCR) at the starter phase was recorded in the T2 group and over the entire period of the trial T4 treatment group had the best FCR. Significant increase in dressing yield percent and relative weight of giblet was observed in broilers fed diet with 1.5% level of moringa leaf meal and multienzyme. Supplementation of MOLM with multienzyme was profitable in terms of reduction in feed cost per kg gain. It was concluded that supplementation of Moringa oleifera leaf meal @ 1.5% with multienzyme at 50g/100Kg dose in the diet was effective in improving the performance and net profit in broiler chicks.

0938 Influence of Acacia tortilis leaf meal-based diets on growth performance of pigs

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. 451-451
Author(s):  
M. Khanyile ◽  
S. P. Ndou ◽  
M. Chimonyo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Acacia Tortilis ◽  
Leaf Meal

The effects of copper source and concentration on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and pen cleanliness in finishing pigs

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. 4052 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. Coble ◽  
J. M. DeRouchey ◽  
M. D. Tokach ◽  
S. S. Dritz ◽  
R. D. Goodband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Finishing Pigs

scholarly journals Effects of Substitution of Corn with Ground Brown Rice on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Gut Microbiota of Growing-Finishing Pigs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
Sheena Kim ◽  
Jin Ho Cho ◽  
Younghoon Kim ◽  
Hyeun Bum Kim ◽  
Minho Song
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing corn with brown rice on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass characteristics, and gut microbiota of growing and finishing pigs. A total of 100 growing pigs (23.80 ± 2.96 kg BW; 10 weeks of age) were randomly allotted to 4 dietary treatments (5 pigs/pen; 5 replicates/treatment) in a randomized complete block design (block = BW) as follows: corn-soybean meal basal diet (CON) and replacing corn with 50% (GBR50), 75% (GBR75), and 100% (GBR100) of ground brown rice. Each trial phase was for 6 weeks. During the growing period, there were no differences on growth performance and nutrient digestibility among dietary treatments. Similarly, no differences were found on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and carcass characteristics of pigs during the finishing period among dietary treatments. As a result of the beta diversity analysis, microbial populations were not clustered between CON and GBR100 during the growing phase, but clustered into two distinct groups of CON and GBR100 during the finishing phase. In conclusion, brown rice can be added to the diets of growing-finishing pigs by replacing corn up to 100% without negatively affecting growth performance of the pigs; additionally, this may have an effect on changes in pig intestinal microbiota if continued for a long time.

EFFECTS OF DIETARY COMPOSITION ON THE RELATIVE PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF MALE AND FEMALE PIGS FED FROM 25 KG TO 92 KG LIVEWEIGHT

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-450
Author(s):  
A. G. CASTELL ◽  
D. T. SPURR
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Relative Performance ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Satisfactory Performance ◽  
Field Peas

One hundred and twenty-four feeder pigs, representing two breed groups (Hampshire × Yorkshire and Yorkshire) were used in three experiments to compare the live performance and carcass characteristics of boars, barrows and gilts fed, from 25 to 92 kg, a 16% protein, barley–soybean meal diet or diets based on a utility grade, soft wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Pitic 62) with 0, 7½ and 15% field peas (Pisum sativum cv. Century) to provide total protein levels of 13, 14 or 15%. Under conditions of adequate nutrition, boars were superior to barrows in efficiency of feed conversion and estimates of carcass leanness, while gilts were intermediate in feed conversion and equivalent to boars in carcass indices. The amount and composition of the diet consumed had a greater effect upon the relative performance of boars and, to a lesser extent, of gilts than was observed with barrows. In addition, the dressing percentage was consistently lower with boars than with barrows or gilts. Sexual odor or taint was not noticeably present in the carcasses at the packing plant, although there was a tendency for meat from boars on restricted feeding to have a higher moisture and darker lean than that present in carcasses from barrows and gilts. The results also suggested that satisfactory performance of growing–finishing pigs could be achieved with diets based on Pitic 62 wheat using field peas as the sole source of supplementary protein.

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