Performance, digestibility, nitrogen balance and ingestive behaviour of goat kids fed diets supplemented with condensed tannins from Acacia mearnsii extract

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto Silveira Pimentel ◽  
Caius Barcellos de Pellegrini ◽  
Jocasta Meira Galvão ◽  
Lara Maria Santos Brant ◽  
Claudio Vaz Di Mambro Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Acacia Mearnsii ◽  
Ingestive Behaviour

scholarly journals Effects of Black Wattle (Acacia mearnsii) Condensed Tannins on Intake, Protozoa Population, Ruminal Fermentation, and Nutrient Digestibility in Jersey Steers

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre S. Avila ◽  
Maximiliane A. Zambom ◽  
Andressa Faccenda ◽  
Maria L. Fischer ◽  
Fernando A. Anschau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Acacia Mearnsii ◽  
Black Wattle

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of inclusion of condensed tannins (CT) from black wattle (Acacia mearnsii) on feed intake, ruminal protozoa population, ruminal fermentation, and nutrient digestibility in Jersey steers. Five ruminally-cannulated steers were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square design, with five periods of 20 days each (14 days for diet adaptation and six days for sample collection per period). Treatments were composed of dietary inclusion levels of condensed tannins at 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 g/kg of diet dry matter. Intakes of dry matter, organic matter, ether extract, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and total digestible nutrients were not affected by condensed tannins. The ruminal pH was reduced linearly with tannin levels. Ruminal ammonia nitrogen concentration was not affected by tannins. Tannins reduced the molar proportion of acetate and did not affect the ruminal protozoal population, which might be related to the low doses used. Digestibilities of dry matter, organic matter, and neutral detergent fiber were not altered; however, there was a linear reduction in crude protein digestibility. Based on these results, CT extracts from black wattle are not recommended for improving nutrient utilization in steers at the tested levels.

Amination of pyrogallol nucleus of condensed tannins and related polyphenols by ammonia water treatment

Holzforschung ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Koh Hashida ◽  
Rei Makino ◽  
Seiji Ohara
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Protocatechuic Acid ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Type B ◽  
Dihydroxybenzoic Acid ◽  
Acacia Mearnsii ◽  
Reaction Behavior

Abstract The reaction behavior of condensed tannins and related polyphenols with ammonia (NH3) water was examined. NH3 water treatment of pyrogallol, gallic acid, and epigallocatechin, which have a pyrogallol nucleus, caused regioselective amination in the presence of molecular oxygen (O2) to form 2-aminoresorcinol, 4-amino-3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and 4′-C-amino-epigallocatechin, respectively. In contrast, other polyphenols, such as catechol, protocatechuic acid, and epicatechin, which have a catechol nucleus, did not undergo amination even in the presence of O2. Under nitrogen atmosphere (in the absence of O2), epimerization at the C-2 position took place during NH3 treatment of epigallocatechin, in addition to amination. The same epimerization took place during NH3 treatment of epicatechin regardless of the presence or absence of O2. By NH3 treatment, pyrogallol-type B-rings of condensed tannin from Acacia mearnsii underwent regioselective amination to yield 4′-amino-3′,5′-dihydroxybenzene-type B-rings in the presence of O2, whereas catechol-type B-rings of condensed tannin from quebracho showed little amination regardless of the presence or absence of O2. From these results, it was concluded that amination of pyrogallol nucleus by NH3 treatment should proceed via oxidation and reduction, and therefore this reaction would be attributed to the oxidation property of condensed tannins and related polyphenols.

Effect of dietary condensed tannins inclusion from Acacia mearnsii extract on the growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of lambs

2021 ◽  
Vol 253 ◽  
pp. 104717
Author(s):  
E.I.de S. Costa ◽  
C.V.Di M. Ribeiro ◽  
T.M. Silva ◽  
A.S.M. Batista ◽  
J.F. Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Acacia Mearnsii

scholarly journals Black Wattle (Acacia mearnsii) Condensed Tannins as Feed Additives to Lactating Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 662
Author(s):  
Andre S. Avila ◽  
Maximiliane A. Zambom ◽  
Andressa Faccenda ◽  
Caroline H. Werle ◽  
Ana R. E. Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Acacia Mearnsii ◽  
Microbial Protein Synthesis ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Black Wattle ◽  
Milk Casein

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of five levels of condensed tannins (CT) from black wattle (Acacia mearnsii) in the diets of lactating dairy cows on intake, nutrient digestibility, ruminal microbial protein synthesis, milk production, composition, oxidative profile, and blood metabolites. Five Holstein cows (88 ± 26.8 days in milk) were allocated in a 5 x 5 Latin square design for a period of 20 days (14 days of diet adaptation and six for sampling). Treatments were the inclusion levels of CT at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 g/kg of dry matter (DM) in the diet. There was no effect of CT on DM intake. The digestibility of DM and neutral detergent fiber changed quadratically, with the maximum values at 12.2 and 11.4 g/kg of DM, respectively. There was no effect on ruminal microbial protein synthesis and milk production; however, milk casein concentration was reduced linearly. There was no effect on the milk oxidative profile. Inclusion of CT at levels up to 20 g/kg of DM did not affect intake or microbial protein synthesis; however, added CT depressed the production of energy corrected milk and milk casein concentration.

scholarly journals Increasing the Oxidative Stress Response Allows Escherichia coli To Overcome Inhibitory Effects of Condensed Tannins

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 3406-3411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra H. Smith ◽  
James A. Imlay ◽  
Roderick I. Mackie
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Resistant Mutant ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Oxidative Stress Response ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Acacia Mearnsii ◽  
E Coli

ABSTRACT Tannins are plant-derived polyphenols with antimicrobial effects. The mechanism of tannin toxicity towards Escherichia coli was determined by using an extract from Acacia mearnsii (Black wattle) as a source of condensed tannins (proanthocyanidins). E. coli growth was inhibited by tannins only when tannins were exposed to oxygen. Tannins auto-oxidize, and substantial hydrogen peroxide was generated when they were added to aerobic media. The addition of exogenous catalase permitted growth in tannin medium. E. coli mutants that lacked HPI, the major catalase, were especially sensitive to tannins, while oxyR mutants that constitutively overexpress antioxidant enzymes were resistant. A tannin-resistant mutant was isolated in which a promoter-region point mutation increased the level of HPI by 10-fold. Our results indicate that wattle condensed tannins are toxic to E. coli in aerobic medium primarily because they generate H2O2. The oxidative stress response helps E. coli strains to overcome their inhibitory effect.

Long-term effects of drenches with condensed tannins from Acacia mearnsii on goats naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes

2014 ◽  
Vol 205 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 725-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livio M. Costa-Júnior ◽  
Jailson S. Costa ◽  
Ítala C.P.D. Lôbo ◽  
Alexandra M.S. Soares ◽  
Adibe L. Abdala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Acacia Mearnsii

Energy utilization, nitrogen balance and microbial protein supply in cattle fedPennisetum purpureumand condensed tannins

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Piñeiro-Vázquez ◽  
J. R. Canul-Solis ◽  
J. A. Alayón-Gamboa ◽  
A. J. Chay-Canul ◽  
A. J. Ayala-Burgos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Protein Supply

Potential use of Acacia mearnsii condensed tannins to reduce methane emissions and nitrogen excretion from grazing dairy cows

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Grainger ◽  
T. Clarke ◽  
M J Auldist ◽  
K A Beauchemin ◽  
S M McGinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
High Dose Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
N Balance ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Acacia Mearnsii ◽  
N Losses ◽  
Dietary Concentration

We measured the effect of condensed tannins (CT) extracted from the bark of the Black Wattle tree (Acacia mearnsii) on the milk production, methane emissions, nitrogen (N) balance and energy partitioning of lactating dairy cattle. Sixty lactating cows, approximately 32 d in milk grazing ryegrass pasture supplemented with 5 kg d-1 cracked triticale grain, were allocated to three treatments: Control, Tannin 1 (163 g CT d-1) or Tannin 2 (326 g CT d-1 initially, reduced to 244 g d-1 CT by day 17). Cows were dosed twice daily after milking for 5 wk with the powdered CT extract (mixed 1:1 with water). Low and high CT supplementation reduced (P < 0.05) methane emissions by 14 and 29%, respectively (about 10 and 22% on an estimated dry matter intake basis). However, milk production was also reduced by the CT (P < 0.05), especially at the high dose rate. Milk yields were 33.0, 31.8 and 29.8 kg cow-1 d-1. Tannin 2 also caused a 19% decline in fat yield and a 7% decline in protein yield, but protein and lactose contents of milk were not affected by CT supplementation. After the initial 5-wk period, five cows representative of each treatment group were moved to metabolism facilities to determine effects of CT on energy digestion and N balance over 6 d. The energy digestibility was reduced (P < 0.05) from 76.9 (Control) to 70.9 (Tannin 1) and 66.0% (Tannin 2) and the percentage of feed N lost to urine was reduced (P < 0.05) from 39 to 26% and 22% for the respective treatments. The CT also caused a reduction (P < 0.05) in intake during the metabolism study, effectively increasing CT as a percentage of intake. Although CT can be used to reduce methane and urinary N losses from cows fed pastures with a high crude protein (CP) concentration, reduced milk yield in this study suggested the dietary concentration was too high. If CT are to be considered as a means for lowering methane emissions further research is needed to define impacts of lower doses of A. mearnsii CT on methane production and cow productivity. Dairy producers will be reluctant to adopt feeding practices that compromise profitability.Key words: Dairy cow, condensed tannins, methane, milk production, energy, nitrogen balance

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