Field environment studies on lupins. 2. The effects of time of planting on dry matter partition and yield components of Lupinus angustifolius L

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 809 ◽  
Author(s):  
MW Perry
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Systematic Effect ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Field Environment ◽  
Lateral Branches

Dry matter partition, seed yield, and yield components were examined in two lupin cultivars at eight planting times. Dry matter production and seed yield both declined with later planting primarily as a result of the foreshortened growing season which reduced the production of lateral branches and consequently the number of inflorescences per plant. For a given inflorescence, planting date appeared to have no systematic effect on pod number, although pod numbers on the main stem inflorescence varied with planting date. Mean seed weight declined slightly with later planting. Unicrop, the earlier-flowering cultivar, gave higher seed yields owing to greater development of higher order lateral branches and heavier individual seeds. Flowering began when only 17-25 % of maximum dry matter had accumulated, and subsequent dry matter partition between main stem and successive orders of lateral branches emphasized the characteristic structural development of the lupin. Seed filling occurred in the last 4-6 weeks of growth when vegetative development had nearly ceased, and was almost concurrent in both cultivars, all planting times and all lateral orders irrespective of the time of pod set.

scholarly journals Growth and Yield Performance of Bari Mung-5 Under Different Time of Sowing

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-231
Author(s):  
Nargis Jahan ◽  
M M Golam Adam
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Pod Length

A field experiment was carried out at University of Dhaka from March to July, 2011 to study the effect of time of sowing on the growth and yield of BARI mung-5. The treatments consisted of three dates of sowing viz. March 15, April 15 and May 15. The crop responded significantly to sowing time and 15 April sowing seeds produced plants having maximum plant height (68.4 cm), leaves/plant (29.33), total dry matter/plant (17.99), branches/plant (8.17), pods/plant (11.33), pod length (8.78 cm), seeds/pod (11.17), 1000 seed weight (46.52 g), seed yield/plant (5.33 g), yield/ha (1.77 t) and harvest index (29.58 %) at harvest. The seed yield decreased by 36.8 and 49.9% when seed sown early (15 March) or late (15 May) due to production of lower yield components.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v36i2.12966   Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 36, No. 2, 227-231, 2012    

Sowing date affects yield components of canarygrass seed

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Bodega ◽  
M. A. De Dios ◽  
M. M. Pereyra Iraola
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Canarygrass (Phalaris canariensis L.) crops are sown from June to mid-September in the southeastern area of the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Sowing dates in this range result in different growing temperatures and photoperiods that affect the duration of developmental stages, biomass production, and seed yield and its components. For Argentina, there are no reported studies that address these effects. This study on the effects of sowing date was conducted during four growing seasons (1996–1999) at the Instituto Nacional de Tecnologí a Agropecuaria (INTA) Experimental Station at Balcarce, Argentina, using a population provided by Dr. Jaime Lloveras, University of Leyda, Spain. Different seeding dates were chosen from June to mid-September. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with four blocks. When the sowing date was delayed, total dry matter (DM) decreased. For early sowing dates seed yield was constant, but after 10 August it was reduced by 1.5% for each day of delay. Earlier sowing increased the duration of pre-anthesis development with greater uniformity in panicle size and the number of seeds. Seed yield was related lin early to the number of seeds and plant dry matter yield (DMY). The rate of progress from emergence to anthesis (1/days from emergence to anthesis) was proportional to the mean photoperiod. Under the environmental conditions in Balcarce, the accumulated required thermal units for anthesis was reduced when sowing was delayed from June to September. This reduction was related to the photoperiod and was estimated as –189.3 growing degree-days per hour of photoperiod increment. Key words: Canarygrass, seed yield, sowing date, yield components

Physiology of growth and seed production in Lupinus angustifolius L. III. Effects of defoliation and lateral branch excision on dry matter and seed production at different growth temperatures

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 511 ◽  
Author(s):  
RW Downes ◽  
JS Gladstones
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Reproductive Investment ◽  
Stem Growth ◽  
Lupinus Angustifolius ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Pod Number ◽  
Cool Conditions

Plants of Lupinus angustifolius cv. Unicrop were raised at 27/22 or 21/16�C dayhight temperatures until flowering. They were then either grown on to maturity at these conditions or moved to the other regime. Branches were removed as they started to develop and leaves were removed at the start of flowering so that 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 upper leaves or all 21 leaves were retained. Conditions before flowering determined potential pod number. Defoliation treatments revealed that under favourably cool conditions all leaves contributed to seed yield but in treatments involving 27/22'C there was no seed yield response to more than about six leaves, emphasizing the significance of environmental conditions rather than current assimilate on pod set and other yield components. In another experiment, plants were raised to flowering at 27/22, 21/16 or 15/10�C before flowering, when all were moved to 21/16�C. Half the plants were allowed to develop branches and on the remainder branch buds were removed. Branch and stem growth appeared to provide severe competition for the development of the primary inflorescence. Though branching was much more pronounced in plants at 15/10�C before flowering than in other treatments, vegetative development exceeded reproductive investment and harvest index was low under these conditions. It was suggested that there appears to be a need to develop and evaluate unbranched or less-branched lupin genotypes.

Response of soya beans to planting date in south-eastern Queensland. II.* Vegetative and reproductive development

1974 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 723 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Lawn ◽  
DE Byth
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Seed Yields

Vegetative and reproductive development of a range of soya bean cultivars was studied over a series of planting dates in both hill plots and row culture at Redland Bay, Qld. Responses in the extent of vegetative and reproductive development were related to changes in the phasic developmental patterns. The duration and extent of vegetative development for the various cultivar-planting date combinations were closely associated with the length of the period from planting to the cessation of flowering. Thus, vegetative growth was greatest for those planting dates which resulted in a delay in flowering and/or extended the flowering phase. Similarly, genetic lateness of maturity among cultivars was associated with more extensive vegetative development. Seed yield per unit area increased within each cultivar as the length of the growing period was extended until sufficient vegetative growth occurred to allow the formation of closed canopies under the particular agronomic conditions imposed. Further increases in the length of the period of vegetative growth failed to increase seed yield, and in some cases seed yields were actually reduced. Biological efficiency of seed production (BE) was negatively correlated with the length of the vegetative growth period. Differences in BE among cultivar-planting date combinations were large. It is suggested that maximization of seed yield will necessitate an optimum compromise between the degree of vegetative development and BE. Optimum plant arrangement will therefore vary, depending on the particular cultivar-planting date combination. ___________________ \*Part I, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 24: 67 (1973).

Irrigation and Nitrogen Studies in s. 23 Ryegrass Grown for Seed: 1. Growth, Development, Seed Yield Components and Seed Yield

1977 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Hebblethwaite
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Seed Yield Components ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Number Of Seeds

SUMMARYThe effects of irrigation and nitrogen on S. 23 perennial ryegrass grown for seed were investigated in a series of field experiments from 1972 to 1974. Irrigation significantly increased seed yield by 16% in 1972 and 52% in 1974 but had no effect in the wet year of 1973. In 1972 maximum deficit reached 110 mm at the end of July and coincided with anthesis. Consequently the yield response was due to an increase in number of seeds per unit area and no other seed yield component was affected. In 1974 peak deficit also reached about 100 mm but started to build up rapidly very early in the season and had reached 80 mm by the time that the first ears emerged. Consequently the yield response was due to increases in number of fertile tillers, number of seeds per unit area and 1000-seed weight.Irrigation had no significant effect on number of florets or seeds, except in 1974 when percentage of florets which produced seed was increased by 2%.Irrigation had some effect on threshed straw yields, total dry matter, harvest index and total number of tillers but where this occurred the response was much smaller than that of seed yield which indicates that irrigation had greater effects on the reproductive development of the crop than on yield of dry matter and tillering patterns. Increasing the quantity of nitrogen from 0 to 80 kg/ha increased seed yields, all seed yield components except 1000-seed weight, threshed straw yields and total dry matter and number of tillers at most sampling dates. Increasing the quantity of nitrogen from 80 to 160 kg/ha had little further effect on the above components except in 1972 where seed yields were significantly decreased.In 1972 number of florets was increased and percentage of florets which produced seed decreased with increasing quantities of nitrogen.

Effect of Apical Debudding on Growth and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)

1986 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. O. Olasantan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Apical Bud ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Insect Attack

SUMMARYField trials on okra over three seasons showed that the removal of the apical bud on the main stem at 3 or 4 weeks did not affect marketable fruit yield but that yield was reduced by about 39% when debudding was done at 5, 6 or 7 weeks. Apical debudding led to increased vegetative development, enhanced dry matter accumulation and reduced plant height. Removing the apical bud at weeks 3, 4 or 5 delayed the first harvest by 8, 15 or 18 days, respectively, compared to the undebudded control plants. It appears that okra can tolerate considerable apical damage during the vegetative stage, as can happen with insect attack, without serious loss of yield.

The Effect of Sowing Date on the Yield and Yield Components of Spring Oil-Seed Rape

1981 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Scarisbrick ◽  
R. W. Daniels ◽  
Mary Alcock
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Oil Seed ◽  
Oil Seed Rape ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

SUMMARYThree spring oil-seed rape cultivars were drilled on five dates during 1979 and 1980. Delayed drilling (1) reduced seed yield, (2) increased the main stem contribution to seed production, and (3) increased the percentage of damaged pods at harvest. The results indicated that cultivars similar to those used in this trial should be drilled between the 3rd week of March and mid-April.

Agronomic studies on Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp.) II.* Responses to sowing density

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
JO Akinola ◽  
PC Whiteman
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Density Relationship ◽  
Pod Number

Vegetative and seed yield in Cajanus cajan accession UQ1 were investigated over nine sowing densities ranging from 6727 to 215,278 plants per hectare. Dry matter yield per plant declined asymptotically with increasing density, while the yield per hectare v. density relationship was described by a parabolic curve. The highest yield per hectare (22,950 kg) was produced at the 0.305 by 0.305 m spacing (107,639 plants ha-1). Maximum seed yield (2774 kg ha-1) was attained at a relatively low density at a spacing 0.914 by 0.610 m (17,940 plants ha-1). At higher densities, increased stand mortality and reduced numbers of pods per plant resulted in severe yield reductions. Reduced pod number per plant was related to significant reductions in the number of pod-producing branches and the inflorescence-bearing stem length, with little change in seed size or seeds per pod. Interactions of yield components, leaf area index, and other plant parameters are discussed. *Part I, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 26: 43 (1975).

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