The effect of intravenous administration of phosphorus on phosphorus and calcium metabolism in sheep

1978 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 587 ◽  
Author(s):  
KM Towns ◽  
RC Boston ◽  
DD Leaver
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Calcium Balance ◽  
Phosphorus Excretion ◽  
Infusion Period ◽  
Plasma Phosphorus

Four Dorset × Merino wethers were given an intravenous infusion of phosphorus at the rate of 1.5 g/day and the phosphorus and calcium balance determined between 5 and 11 days inclusive after the commencement of the infusion. These results were compared with phosphorus and calcium balance measured during a control period. In three of the four sheep the infused phosphorus was recovered in the faeces, but in one animal 0.37 g/day was excreted in the urine. Although the retention of phosphorus and calcium increased marginally during the infusion period, the increase was not significant. The additional phosphorus was therefore quantitatively eliminated from the animal without significantly influencing calcium balance. A theoretical model of phosphorus movement was constructed on the basis that salivary phosphorus excretion is related to plasma phosphorus concentration. In order to account for the observed recovery of phosphorus in the faeces, it was necessary to postulate either a decrease in the intestinal absorption of phosphorus or an increase in the endogenous secretion of phosphorus which was unrelated to the plasma phosphorus concentration.

Calcium Metabolism in Children Suffering from Homozygous ß-Thalassaemia after Oral Administration of 47Ca

1976 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 77-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Liakakos ◽  
P. Ylachos ◽  
Ch. Anoussakis ◽  
C. Constantinides ◽  
I. Tsakalosos
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Calcium Metabolism

SummaryThe study of calcium metabolism in ten thalassaemic children comperatively with controls after oral administration of 47Ca has shown diminished intestinal absorption. It is suggested that this finding is propably related in part with the pathogenesis of the osteoporosis in thalassaemia.

Intestinal absorption of coprostanol (coprosterol) in the rat

1960 ◽  
Vol 199 (6) ◽  
pp. 1008-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.S. Narayana Setty ◽  
A. C. Ivy
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Chair Conformation ◽  
Color Reaction ◽  
Salt Mixture ◽  
Streptomycin Sulfate

A basal sterol-free diet consisting of casein, 18%; dextrin, 57%; oleic acid, 9%; U.S.P. salt mixture, 2%; yeast, 5%; and cellulose, 9%; along with 1% sulfasuxidine and 0.2% streptomycin sulfate was fed to eight rats during a control period of 12 days, the feces being collected under alcohol the last 4 days and assayed for digitonide sterol. The experiment was repeated with the addition of 28 mg of coprostanol to the diet. It was found that from 41 to 61% (average 48%) of the coprostanol was absorbed. The relation of chemical structure to the absorbability of cholesterol derivatives is discussed with the finding that all absorbable cholesterol derivatives have the ‘chair’ conformation, but are not alike in digitonide formation and Liebermann-Burchard color reaction.

Changes in phosphorus metabolism of sheep in response to the increased demands for P associated with an intravenous infusion of calcium

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Braithwaite
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Close Association ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Phosphorus Metabolism ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
P Absorption ◽  
P Retention

SummaryThe effect on phosphorus and calcium metabolism of a high rate of Ca infused directly into the blood of 10-month-old sheep, already receiving an adequate Ca and P intake, has been studied by a combination of balance and radioisotope techniques. Ca retention was significantly increased during the infusion and most of the extra Ca was retained in bone. Urinary Ca excretion also showed a small but significant increase and the efficiency of Ca absorption a small but significant decrease. Because of the close association of Ca and P in bone, the increased skeletal retention of Ca resulted in an increased skeletal P retention and hence an increased demand for P. This increased P demand was met partly by a decrease in the rate of endogenous faecal loss of P and partly by an increase in the rate and efficiency of P absorption. Because the increase in P demand was relatively small, it was not possible to decide whether the endogenous faecal loss of P can be reduced in response to increased demands to the level found at zero P intake as suggested by the Agricultural Research Council (1980) or whether higher losses at normal P intakes are inevitable.

One-hour test for estimating intestinal absorption of calcium by using stable strontium as a marker

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
A J Sips ◽  
J C Netelenbos ◽  
R Barto ◽  
P Lips ◽  
W J van der Vijgh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
Calcium Absorption ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Reliable Information ◽  
Simple Test ◽  
Stable Strontium

Abstract Intestinal absorption of calcium is a relevant marker in a broad spectrum of diseases; however, its determination in clinical practice is difficult. Our aim was to design a simple test for this based on stable strontium (88Sr). The correlation between the intestinal absorption of simultaneously administered 45Ca and 88Sr was investigated in patients with various disorders of the bone and calcium metabolism. The area under the curve for the period 0-60 min after dosing (AUC0-60 in mmol.L-1.min), being a representative measure of intestinal absorption, showed a close correlation between both elements (r = 0.90, P < 0.001). Moreover, the measure of agreement in classifying the patients as low, intermediate, or high absorbers was high (kappa = 0.80). We conclude that a test based on measuring AUC0-60 of strontium is a fast and inexpensive way to obtain reliable information about the level of intestinal calcium absorption.

The metabolism of phosphorus and calcium in sheep during intravenous infusion of phosphorus

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 827 ◽  
Author(s):  
KM Schneider ◽  
RC Boston ◽  
DD Leaver
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Compartmental Analysis ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Deconvolution Analysis ◽  
Tracer Techniques ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Tissue Accretion

The metabolism of calcium and phosphorus in mature sheep, given firstly a chaff diet and then chaff with an intravenous supplement of 1.5-2.0 g/day of phosphorus, was studied by using tracer techniques and compartmental analysis. Absorption was also studied by deconvolution analysis and a technique relating the excretion of tracer in faeces to that of an insoluble marker. Under the conditions of the experiment most of the additional phosphorus infused intravenously was excreted in the faeces, and this was due to a concurrent increase in the endogenous secretion and a decrease in the efficiency of absorption of phosphorus. In sheep given 2.0 g of phosphorus per day, the phosphorus concentration in plasma increased 2.5-4 times, but the excretion of phosphorus in the urine remained small (less than 0.3 g/day) compared with the excretion of 2.5 g/day of phosphorus in the faeces. One feature of the experiment was the difference in the behaviour of bone and soft tissue reservoirs between the sheep given 1.5 g/day of phosphorus and those given 2.0 g/day. In the former group accretion and resorption of calcium and phosphorus in bone and soft tissue increased when compared with the control period, whereas in the latter group bone and soft tissue accretion of phosphorus was unchanged and resorption increased slightly. These results are discussed in terms of the hormonal changes that occur following changes in plasma calcium and phosphorus.

scholarly journals The digestion of pectin in the human gut and its effect on calcium absorption and large bowel function

1979 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Cummings ◽  
D. A. T. Southgate ◽  
W. J. Branch ◽  
H. S. Wiggins ◽  
Hellen Houston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Calcium Absorption ◽  
Mean Transit Time ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Bowel Function ◽  
Bowel Habit ◽  
Calcium Balance ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Mineral Absorption ◽  
Faecal Excretion

1. The effect of dietary fibre digestion in the human gut on its ability to alter bowel habit and impair mineral absorption has been investigated using the technique of metabolic balance.2. Five healthy male students were studied for 9 weeks under controlled dietary conditions and during the last 6 weeks they took 36 g pectin/d. Bowel habit, transit through the gut, faecal fibre excretion, calcium balance and faecal composition were measured.3. During the control period only 15% of the dietary fibre ingested was excreted in the stools and when pectin was added to the diet there was no increase in fibre excretion. Stool frequency and mean transit time were unchanged by pectin but stool wet weight increased by 33% and faecal excretion increased (%) for fatty acids 80, nitrogen 47, total dry matter 28 and bile acids 35. Ca balance remained unchanged.4. It may be concluded from these results that dietary fibre is largely metabolized in the human gut and dietary pectin completely so. This could explain its lack of effect on bowel habit and Ca balance. Other changes in the faeces may be related to an increase in bacterial mass.

METABOLIC EFFECTS OF THREE TESTOSTERONE DERIVATIVES INCLUDING 17α-ETHYL-19-NORTESTOSTERONE

1957 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. McSWINEY ◽  
F. T. G. PRUNTY
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Plasma Calcium ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Calcium Balance ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
The Third ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Plasma Phosphorus

SUMMARY 1. The protein anabolic properties of three derivatives of testosterone have been investigated. 2. 17α-methyl-Δ5-androstene-3β: 17β-diol and 17α-methyl androstane-3α: 17β-diol produced nitrogen retention in doses approaching those reported as androgenic by other investigators. 3. The third compound, 17α-ethyl-19-nortestosterone (17-ENT), which was studied in greatest detail, produced nitrogen retention in moderate dosage. Other metabolic effects were a fall in urinary calcium and, usually, a fall in faecal calcium. Phosphorus balance agreed with that calculated from nitrogen and calcium balance. Plasma calcium showed no consistent variation, while plasma phosphorus fell. 17-ENT also brought about marked changes in weight, and in fluid, sodium, potassium and chloride balances which are probably due partly to the retention of nitrogen and corresponding intracellular fluid, and partly to increased sweating. When given to two patients with osteoporosis due to prolonged steroid therapy, and receiving prednisone, the compound appeared to aid the restoration of a positive calcium balance. 17-ENT was found to have definite androgenic effects, but their intensity requires further study.

Intestinal Absorption of Calcium and Calcium Metabolism in Patients With Essential Hypertension and Normal Renal Function

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (5 Pt 1) ◽  
pp. 404-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gadallah ◽  
S. G. Massry ◽  
R. Bigazzi ◽  
R. L. Horst ◽  
P. Eggena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Normal Renal Function ◽  
Calcium Metabolism

scholarly journals Hypocalcemia after an acute phosphate load is secondary to reduced calcium efflux from bone: studies in patients with minimal renal function and varying parathyroid activity.

1995 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-280
Author(s):  
M Kaye
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Total Parathyroidectomy ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolites ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Calcium Efflux ◽  
Labile Pool ◽  
Infusion Period

Seven patients with severe hyperparathyroidism secondary to chronic renal failure, six patients with hypoparathyroidism after remote total parathyroidectomy also with chronic renal failure, and a miscellaneous group of three patients, some of whom were in the previous two groups, were studied on 24 occasions over a 6-h period. Each test consisted of a 2-h control period followed by a 4-h phosphate (Pi) infusion period. Radioactive calcium, 45Ca, had been administered the evening before. Samples were taken every 15 min throughout the 6-h study. In all tests, ionized and total calcium fell as Pi rose. Intact parathyroid hormone levels (PTH) rose, except in the hypoparathyroid patients, in whom there was no change. The decline in 45Ca activity was not affected by the Pi infusion, the fall being -0.131 +/- 0.057 cpm/min during the control period and -0.124 +/- 0.043 during the Pi infusion. There were no changes in pH, bicarbonate, electrolytes, or vitamin D metabolites during the procedure. The mean overall fall in total calcium was -0.118 mmol/mmol rise in Pi. For ionized calcium, it was -0.067 mmol/mmol Pi or 56.8% of the total calcium. This ratio was unchanged throughout the test period. With a steady flux of calcium from extracellular fluid (ECF) to bone as measured by 45Ca, the fall in ECF calcium has to be due to a decreased flux from bone to ECF. This could be produced by the reduced dissolution of a labile pool of a calcium salt such as brushite, CaHPO4.

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