scholarly journals The Nitrogen Nutrition of the Peach Tree III. Metabolism and Translocation of L-[Guanido-14c]Arginine Hydroohloride and L-[U-14c]Asparagine in Young Dormant Trees

1967 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 413 ◽  
Author(s):  
LH May ◽  
BK Taylor

Solutions of L-[guanido-140]arginine hydrochloride and L-[U-140]asparagine were applied to dormant two-year-old peach trees using a cut-shoot technique. Radioactivity was recovered in soluble sugar plus acid and protein amino acid fractions indicating that both compounds were metabolized by the trees. The results also suggest that there was a turnover of arginine in the dormant tissues. Most of the applied 140 from both compounds remained in the treated shoot or neighbouring tissues, but small amounts were translocated both upwards and downwards from the point of application.

1967 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 379 ◽  
Author(s):  
BK Taylor

Seasonal changes in the concentration of total nitrogen, free amino acid nitrogen, arginine, and glutamine plus asparagine in flower buds, flowers, fruit, leaves, roots, new shoots, and2-3-year-old shoots of 25-year-old peach trees have been studied over an annual cycle.


2021 ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Любовь Вячеславовна Римарева ◽  
Елена Михайловна Серба ◽  
Марина Борисовна Оверченко ◽  
Надежда Иосифовна Игнатова ◽  
Анжелика Андреевна Павлова ◽  
...  

Исследования, направленные на создание инновационных технологий переработки нетрадиционных видов растительного сырья на спирт и кормопродукты взамен зерновых культур, являются актуальными, особенно в связи с расширением промышленного производства топливного биоэтанола. В настоящей работе показана возможность комплексной биотехнологической конверсии сока стеблей сахарного сорго в этанол и кормовую белково-аминокислотную добавку. Работа проводилась во ВНИИ пищевой биотехнологии. Объектами исследования являлись сироп из сока стеблей сахарного сорго, спиртовые расы дрожжей Sасcharomyces cerevisiae 985-Т, 1039 и 1054 с осмофильными свойствами, селекционированный штамм бактерий Brevibacterium RCAM 01129 - продуцент лизина, активно развивающийся на растительных субстратах. Показано, что сироп, полученный из сока стеблей сахарного сорго, может быть использован в качестве источника углеводного и азотистого питания для генерации дрожжей и спиртового брожения. Установлено, что дрожжи расы 1039 проявили наиболее высокую осмоустойчивость и хорошо развивались на среде с концентрацией растворимых сухих веществ 30 %. Использование этой расы дрожжей при сбраживании концентрированного сусла обеспечивало образование этанола - 14,9 об%, остаточных углеводов - 0,52 %. Показано, что уровень содержания в бражке побочных метаболитов, сопутствующих синтезу этанола, зависел не только от генетических особенностей расы дрожжей, но и от условий процесса брожения: повышение температуры негативно сказывалось на метаболизме дрожжей S. сerevisiae 1039 и 1054, а концентрации сусла - дрожжей р. 985-Т. Установлена возможность получения кормовой белковой добавки, обогащенной лизином, на основе микробной конверсии отходов и полупродуктов спиртового производства, что достигалось культивированием Brevibacterium RCAM 01129 на питательных средах, приготовленных на основе отъема концентрированного сусла из сиропа сока сорго и барды, полученной после его сбраживания дрожжами р. 1039. Показано, что проведение протеолиза белковых веществ среды позволило интенсифицировать рост продуцента и степень конверсии углеводов, увеличить уровень синтеза лизина в 2,0-3,5 раза. Research aimed at creating innovative technologies for processing non-traditional types of plant raw materials for alcohol and feed products instead of grain crops is relevant, especially in connection with the expansion of industrial production of fuel bioethanol. This paper shows the possibility of complex biotechnological conversion of sugar sorghum stem juice into ethanol and feed protein-amino acid additive. The work was carried out at the Research Institute of Food Biotechnology. The objects of the study were: syrup from the juice of sugar sorghum stems, alcoholic yeast races Saccharomus cerevisiae 985-T, 1039 and 1054 with osmophilic properties, a selected strain of bacteria Brevibacterium RCAM 01129 - a lysine producer that actively develops on plant substrates. It is shown that the syrup obtained from the juice of sugar sorghum stems can be used as a source of carbohydrate and nitrogen nutrition for the generation of yeast and alcoholic fermentation. It was found that the yeast of race 1039 showed the highest osmotic stability and developed well on a medium with a concentration of soluble solids of 30%. The use of this yeast race in the fermentation of concentrated wort provided the formation of ethanol 14.9 vol%, residual carbohydrates - 0.52 %. It is shown that the level of the content of side metabolites in the brew, accompanying the synthesis of ethanol, depended not only on the genetic characteristics of the yeast race, but also on the conditions of the fermentation process: an increase in temperature negatively affected the metabolism of yeast S. cerevisiae 1039 and 1054, and the concentration of wort - yeast 985-T. The possibility of obtaining a feed protein supplement enriched with lysine on the basis of microbial conversion of waste and semi-products of alcohol production was established, which was achieved by cultivating Brevibacterium RCAM 01129 on nutrient media prepared on the basis of weaning concentrated wort from sorghum juice syrup and stillage obtained after its fermentation with yeast 1039. It is shown that the proteolysis of the protein substances of the medium allowed to intensify the growth of the producer and the degree of carbohydrate conversion, to increase the level of lysine synthesis by 2.0-3.5 times.


1967 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
BK Taylor ◽  
LH May

The chemical composition and distribution of storage nitrogen in young peach trees and the importance of this stored nitrogen for new growth were investigated. Young peach trees, which were grown in sand culture for two growing seasons, accumulated nitrogen in proportion to supply during the first year, and the results suggested that this stored nitrogen was utilized for new growth during the second growing season irrespective of the external nitrogen supply. Tree growth in early spring was significantly correlated with the level of storage nitrogen in tree tissues, but after November tree growth was markedly dependent upon the external nitrogen supply. If fertilizer nitrogen was not applied, the supply of storage nitrogen in tree tissues was exhausted by the end of November. Reaccumulation of storage nitrogen began in tree tissues in December and was rapid if the external nitrogen supply was high.


Tetrahedron ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 1857-1861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey N. Austin ◽  
Peter D. Baird ◽  
Hak-Fun Chow ◽  
L.E. Fellows ◽  
G.W.J. Fleet ◽  
...  

2002 ◽  
Vol 277 (34) ◽  
pp. 30425-30428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hieronim Jakubowski

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e75376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael Anne Dunlop ◽  
Paul Alan Cox ◽  
Sandra Anne Banack ◽  
Kenneth John Rodgers

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_2) ◽  
pp. 17-18
Author(s):  
C. E. Vonderohe ◽  
K. M. Mills ◽  
M. D. Asmus ◽  
E. R. Otto-Tice ◽  
C. V. Maxwell ◽  
...  

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