Geographic variation in seedling morphology of Chukrasia species

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 319 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kalinganire ◽  
K. Pinyopusarerk ◽  
E. R. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Allozyme Variation ◽  
Seedling Morphology ◽  
The Third ◽  
Land Race ◽  
Resultant Data ◽  
Polymorphic Species ◽  
Temperature Controlled ◽  
Bark Structure

Seed collected from 23 native provenances of Chukrasia A.Juss. and one Australian land race was used to study geographic variation in seedling morphology under temperature-controlled glasshouse conditions. Twenty-four variates were measured for each seedling and the resultant data subjected to univariate and multivariate analyses. The multivariate analyses effectively separated the Chukrasia genus into three different groups or eco-geographical clusters. The most important characteristics that separated the groups were bark structure, leaf type and midrib colour. The first group, provenances from China, Laos, Malaysia, Vietnam and the Australian land race, is characterised by smooth bark, pinnate or intermediate leaves and reddish-green to greenish-red midrib. The second group, provenances from Myanmar and Thailand, is characterised by rough bark, mainly bipinnate leaves and green midrib. The third group, provenances from Sri Lanka, is characterised by rough bark, bipinnate leaves and red midrib. The study clearly shows Chukrasia to be a polymorphic species comprising at least three ecotypes or possibly three ecospecies. A study of allozyme variation may better reveal the systematics within the genus.

Geographic variation in seedling morphology of Casuarina equisetifolia subsp. equisetifolia (Casuarinaceae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Hu ◽  
Chonglu Zhong ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Qingbin Jiang ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Casuarina Equisetifolia ◽  
Seedling Morphology ◽  
Introduced Populations ◽  
Resultant Data ◽  
Pattern Of Variation ◽  
Different Parts

Seeds collected from 28 natural provenances and introduced populations of Casuarina equisetifolia subsp. equisetifolia L. from Oceania, Asia and Africa were used to study geographic variation in growth and morphology of nursery-grown seedlings. Ten characteristics related to growth and branching habit were measured for each seedling and the resultant data subjected to univariate and multivariate analyses. In general, seedlings from Oceania grew more slowly, were more densely branched with fine and upright branching, and had fewer teeth per whorl than those from other areas. Cluster analysis effectively separated Oceania from Asian natural provenances, and revealed the probable original sources of introductions to different parts of Asia and Africa. Further investigation into the pattern of variation through molecular characterisation of genetic material from all major regions of distribution is warranted in order to better understand the genetic relationships and enhance more efficient utilisation of this important casuarina species.

Geographic-Variation in Seedling Morphology of Acacia auriculiformis A-Cunn ex-Benth

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Pinyopusarerk ◽  
ER Williams ◽  
DJ Boland
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Acacia Auriculiformis ◽  
Seedling Morphology ◽  
Resultant Data ◽  
Evident Variation

Seedlings from 30 provenances from Papua New Guinea, Queensland and the Northern Territory, Australia, (and two from Thailand) were raised under common glasshouse conditions. Seventeen attributes were measured for each seedling and the resultant data subjected to univariate and multivariate analyses. Provenance differences were evident; variation amongst families within provenances was generally small. The Papua New Guinea, Queensland and Northern Territory material clustered into three distinct groups. There was a suggestion that the Queensland and Northern Territory populations were more closely related to each other than to those from Papua New Guinea. The Thai populations possibly came originally as seed from Queensland.

scholarly journals Geographic variation in the morphology of the sand-dwelling lizard Nothobachia ablephara (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-207
Author(s):  
Carolina Nisa Ramiro ◽  
Renato Sousa Recoder ◽  
Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Geographical Variation ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Morphometric Variation ◽  
The One ◽  
Two Populations

Geographic variation in the morphology of the sand-dwelling lizard Nothobachia ablephara (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae). Nothobachia ablephara is a small microteiid lizard with an elongated body and reduced limbs; it occurs in isolated dune felds in the state of Bahia (Xique-Xique and Alagoado) and small sandy patches in northeastern Brazil. A previous molecular study found a marked mtDNA divergence between populations of N. ablephara from Alagoado and Xique-Xique dunes, suggesting that the two populations diverged from one another between 3 and 4 million years ago. Given this isolation, it is interesting to explore whether morphological traits of the lizards refect the reported genetic divergence of the populations. Scale counts of the sexes and the populations differ signifcantly, but there is considerable overlap of values. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed signifcant morphometric variation between sexes and populations; however, this is mostly explained by size differences. Females are larger than males in all characters that are sexually dimorphic, and individuals from Xique-Xique are larger than those from Alagoado in all characters that vary geographically. The sample from Alagoado has more sexually dimorphic characters than the one from Xique-Xique. Although N. ablephara displays some geographical variation, the two populations could not be unequivocally distinguished by scale counts and morphometric data.

Geographical variation and taxonomy of the snail-eating snake Dipsas albifrons (Sauvage, 1884), with comments on the systematic status of Dipsas albifrons cavalheiroi Hoge, 1950 (Serpentes: Colubridae: Dipsadinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 1013 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAULO PASSOS ◽  
RONALDO FERNANDES ◽  
MARCOVAN PORTO
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Geographical Variation ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Island Population ◽  
Systematic Status ◽  
Qualitative Analyses

The taxonomic status of Dipsas albifrons is revised and geographic variation of external morphology and hemipenis are described. Multivariate analyses suggest that the pattern of geographical variation is correlated with gap sampling, probably indicating a northernward cline in segmental counts (mainly ventral and subcaudal scales). Quantitative and qualitative analyses reveal that the island population (Dipsas albifrons cavalheiroi) is not divergent from mainland populations and, herein, is considered a junior synonymy of Dipsas albifrons. A lectotype of Dipsas albifrons is designated.

Effect of exposure duration on selected enzyme indexes of cold acclimatization

1961 ◽  
Vol 200 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Hannon ◽  
David A. Vaughan
Keyword(s):  
Formation Rate ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Liver Mass ◽  
Malic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Cold Acclimatization ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Resultant Data ◽  
Third Stage

Relative liver mass and liver activities of glucokinase, glucose-6-phosphatase, malic dehydrogenase and rate of pyruvate formation from 3-phosphoglycerate were measured in rats exposed to cold (4° ± 1°C) for periods of 2 days, 4 weeks and 5 months. The resultant data indicated the metabolic, cold-acclimatization process, insofar as the liver was concerned, consisting of three consecutive, but overlapping, stages. The first (as indicated by glucose-6-phosphatase activity) was an increased capacity to form blood sugar. This was evident after 2 days in the cold and persisted throughout all exposures. The second stage was an elevated heat-producing capacity per unit of liver weight. This was reflected in 4-week cold-exposed animals by an increased glucokinase, malic dehydrogenase and pyruvate formation rate. The third stage appeared between 1 and 5 months after entrance into the cold. It consisted of a regression of certain of the elevated activities per unit weight of liver and their replacement, insofar as the animal as a whole was concerned, by an increase in relative liver mass.

Geographic and sexual variation in the skull of Pacific coast marten (Martes americana)

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1386-1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo R. Giannico ◽  
David W. Nagorsen
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Martes Americana ◽  
The Third ◽  
Queen Charlotte Islands ◽  
Sexual Variation ◽  
Cranial Measurements

From multivariate analyses of 25 cranial measurements, we assessed geographic and sexual variation in three island and two mainland samples of Pacific coast marten (Marten americana) from the caurina subspecies group. Three morphological groups were evident: the first from Queen Charlotte Islands, the second from Alexander Archipelago and Alaska Panhandle, and the third from Vancouver Island and the southern British Columbia coast. We concluded that the subspecies M. a. nesophila should be restricted to the Queen Charlotte Islands; Vancouver Island and southern British Columbia coastal marten are aligned with M. a. caurina. Alaskan marten showed some affinities with the americana subspecies group. The strong differentiation of M. a. nesophila is concordant with the isolation and unique selection regime of the Queen Charlotte Islands. Sexual dimorphism was most pronounced in island samples; possible explanations for this trend are discussed.

scholarly journals Exploring t he Relationship Between “COVID-19” Experiences and People’s Health Anxiety: Evidence from the Third Wave of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aman Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sustained Recovery ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

ABSTRACT The current study aims to explore and investigate the relationship between the experiences of COVID-19 and health anxiety among people. The study design adopted in this study was cross-sectional and primary data were collected from 500 respondents through a structured questionnaire in District Mardan-Pakistan. Bivariate and Multivariate analyses were carried out for measuring the relationship between “COVID-19” experiences and health anxiety, while cause and effects of the mentioned variables were analysed through a logistic regression model. The findings of the study revealed that the prevalence of health anxiety was found highly significant with the “COVID-19” experience. It has been inferred from the study’s findings that those people who experienced “COVID-19” had symptoms of health anxiety. The prevalence of health anxiety was found highly significant with “COVID-19” among older people. Establishing psychological and rehabilitation centres for sustained recovery of the “COVID-19” affected people, has also been suggested.

scholarly journals Factors affecting exclusive breastfeeding in term infants

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Novitria Dwinanda ◽  
Badriul Hegar Syarif ◽  
Damayanti Rusli Sjarif
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Third ◽  
Breast Milk Production

Background Exclusive breastfeeding by healthy mothers to their healthy, term babies who underwent vaginal birth, should be readily accomplished. However, exclusive breastfeeding by Indonesian mothers has declined.Objective To assess the monthly success rate prevalences for exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life, as well as factors that affect exclusive breastfeeding.Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted in 243 healthy mothers with healthy term babies who underwent normal births at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (CMH), Jakarta, Indonesia. Guided interviews were conducted monthly for six months. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed on the factors potentially affecting breastfeeding with equal subject numbers.Results Exclusive breastfeeding prevalences were 64.8% (first month), 53.7% (second month), 43% (third month), 30.7% (fourth month), 23.5% (fifth month), and 22.3% (sixth month). Multivariate analysis revealed that the mother’s confidence in breast milk production, as well as husband or family support, affected the success of exclusive breastfeeding for each month. Maternal not working/studying outside the home affected the success of exclusive breastfeeding in the third (RR 3.38; 95%CI 1.21 to 9.43) and fourth months (RR 6.56; 95%CI 1.39 to 30.99).Conclusion Exclusive breastfeeding prevalences in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital decrease in a monthly fashion up to the sixth month. Several factors affecte the success rate for each month in the six month period, including maternal confidence in breast milk production and family support.

scholarly journals Estimation of genetic parameters and breeding values for litter size in the first three parity of landrace sows

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragomir Lukac ◽  
Vitomir Vidovic ◽  
Teodora Vasiljevic ◽  
Oliver Stankovic
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
The Third ◽  
Reproduction Traits ◽  
Genetic And Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values

The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters and breeding values for reproduction traits of Landrace sows in the first three parities by Animal model. Records of 2238 first parity; 2125 second parity and 1872 third parity Landrace sows farrowing between 2007 and 2012 were included in the analysis. The traits included in the analyses were total pigs born (TB), number of pigs born alive (NBA), number of pigs weaned (NW) and litter weaning weight (LW) in the parities. The genetic parameters were estimated using a multivariate analyses Animal model using REML procedure. Estimates of heritability for TB were 0.03, 0.05 and 0.18, for NBA were 0.04, 0.02 and 0.17, for NW were 0.08, 0.08 and 0.01 and for LW were 0.09, 0.11 and 0.03 for parities 1 to 3. Genetic and phenotypic variance were increased from the first to the third parity. Between the majorities of studied reproductive traits were the recorded positive genetic and phenotypic correlations, except between LW and other analyzed properties where they recorded a high correlation negative in third parity. Means of estimated breeding values of reproductive traits from first parity to third parity was indecreased.

scholarly journals A taxonomically significant polymorphism in Leucochrysa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae): Nomenclature, larval and adult descriptions, and biological notes

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3130 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
CATHERINE A. TAUBER ◽  
EUZILENI MANTOANELLI ◽  
GILBERTO S. ALBUQUERQUE ◽  
CARMEN REGUILÓN ◽  
ENRIQUE GONZÁLEZ OLAZO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
New Record ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Polymorphic Species ◽  
Significant Polymorphism

Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) loretana Navás, 1935, a species described from Argentina, was discovered to have a geographically variable polymorphism, with two forms of adult coloration. One of the morphs (the “brown-spotted” morph) is indistiguishable from the widespread species Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) longicornis (G. Gray in Cuvier, 1832) and the second morph (the “white-spotted” morph) is identical to another Argentinian species, Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) boxi Navás, 1930. These observations generated a number of nomenclatural changes: (1) The oldest of the three names, L. (L.) longicornis (= Hemerobius longicornis), is a secondary homonym of a Linnaean species described in 1764 and therefore is unavailable for Gray’s species. (2) Thus, by priority, L. (L.) boxi becomes the valid name for the polymorphic species. (3) Leucochrysa (L.) loretana becomes a synonym of L. (L.) boxi. (4) The above three names are stabilized by the designation of primary types for each of the species, and by other nomenclatural actions. Specifically, (a) a lectotype is designated for Hemerobius longicornis G. Gray and, as First Revisers, we selected the species name from among two that were published in the original description; (b) a lectotype is designated for Leucochrysa boxi Navás;  and (c) a neotype is designated for Leucochrysa loretana Navás. Finally, the L. (L.) boxi adult is redescribed (both morphs, as well as the male and female genitalia); the larvae (all instars) are described; and aspects of the biology of the species (geographic variation in the polymorphism and a new record of ectoparasitism) are presented.

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