Nitrogen content of wheat grain as as indication of potential yield response to nitrogen fertilizer

1963 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 319 ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Russell
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Grain Nitrogen

Examination of results from a large number of experiments in the wheat growing areas of South Australia has shown a relation between grain yield response to nitrogen fertilizer and both grain nitrogen percentage and the ratio. (Yield of grain)/(Amount of nitrogen in grain and straw) of corresponding unfertilized wheat plants. With Gabo, large yield responses to nitrogen fertilizer were associated with grain nitrogen percentages of less than 2.0 per cent N (9.9 per cent protein). Above 2.3 per cent N (11.3 per cent protein) positive responses to nitrogen were small and some negative responses were found. Similar overall trend were shorn by Insignia 49, Sabre and Quadrat. Exponential regression equations were calculated for Gabo allowing prediction of grain yield response at rates up to 46 lb fertilizer N an acre under conditions which result in grain protein contents of 7.5 to 16 per cent. Most profitable rates of nitrogen fertilizer application were also calculated for several different fertilizer-grain price levels. Possible value of the nitrogen content of wheat grain in the selection of regions, soil types, and cultural practices where nitrogen fertilizer may be used is discussed.

Some observations on the influence of nitrogen fertilizer applied at seeding on the nitrogen content of the wheat grain

1964 ◽  
Vol 4 (15) ◽  
pp. 345 ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Russell
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Nitrogen Yield ◽  
Grain Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Percentage

The effect of nitrogen fertilizer applied at seeding on the nitrogen content of wheat grain was studied in 63 experiments during the six seasons 1956-1961. The overall effect of fertilizer was to increase grain nitrogen percentage, but there were situations where no change and even decreases in grain nitrogen percentage were found. The magnitude of the changes due to nitrogen fertilizer was small in relation to change brought about by climatic factors. Both the change in nitrogen content and nitrogen yield from applied fertilizer showed a relation to the nitrogen content of grain from unfertilized plants. Significant differences between varieties were found for nitrogen yield response but not for nitrogen content response.

Nitrogen fertilizer and wheat in a semi-arid environment. 2. Climatic factors affecting response

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (31) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Russell
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Nitrogen Yield ◽  
Grain Nitrogen ◽  
Applied Nitrogen

The response of Gabo wheat to nitrogen fertilizer at 52 sites in the wheat growing areas of South Australia during 1956-61 was examined in relation to climatic factors by a stepwise multiple regression analysis using a computer. The ten dependent variables were the linear and quadratic coefficients obtained by fitting orthogonal polynomials to response curves of various parameters (grain yield, grain + straw yield, harvest index, grain nitrogen percentage, and grain nitrogen yield) to applied nitrogen at each of the 52 sites. The 23 independent variables were the amounts of rainfall and evaporation during the growing period, maximum and minimum temperatures and estimates of high temperature stress during spring and amount of rainfall immediately after sowing at each site. The climatic variables examined explained 46.5, 64.3, and 64.3 per cent of the variation in the response to nitrogen fertilizer of grain yield, grain + straw yield, and grain nitrogen yield respectively. The positive effects of increasing amounts of winter rainfall on yield response to applied nitrogen were marked. On the other hand, the negative effects of high maximum temperatures in the latter part of the growing period, particularly during October, on yield response were also evident.

The effect of cropping after medic and non-medic pastures on total soil nitrogen, and on the grain yield and nitrogen content of wheat

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (103) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
CL Tuohey ◽  
AD Robson
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Nitrogen Response ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
Grain Nitrogen ◽  
Total Soil Nitrogen

The effect of medic and non-medic pastures on grain yield and nitrogen content of wheat was studied over 15 seasons on a friable grey clay in the Wimmera. The effects of length and type of pasture ley on grain yield and nitrogen content were closely related to the effects of these treatments on total soil nitrogen. Grain yield was not increased in any season by increasing total soil nitrogen beyond 0.1 10%. The grain yield response to increased total soil nitrogen varied markedly with seasons and most of the variation could be accounted for by variation in November rainfall; grain yield response was greater in years of higher November rainfall. Grain nitrogen content increased with increasing total soil nitrogen over the range studied (0.078% to 0.1 28%). Seasonal variation in grain nitrogen response to total soil nitrogen was mainly associated with variation in September and November rainfall. Higher September rainfall increased the response and higher November rainfall decreased it. The decline in total soil nitrogen that occurred with cropping was strongly correlated with the level of total soil nitrogen before cropping.

Crop production in a rotation trial at Tarlee, South Australia

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 865 ◽  
Author(s):  
JE Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Faba Beans ◽  
Tiller Density

A crop rotation trial was established in 1977 on a hard-setting red-brown earth at Tarlee, South Australia, to monitor the long-term effect of intensive and traditional rotations on soil properties and crop production. The rotations involve wheat alternating with cereals, grain legumes, pasture, and fallow. There are 3 stubble + tillage treatments: remove stubble + cultivate, retain stubble + cultivate, retain stubble + no tillage. Three rates of nitrogen (0,40, 80 kg N/ha as ammonium nitrate) are applied to the wheat. Grain yield varied with seasonal conditions, and water use efficiencies were up to 10 kg/ha. mm. In the more productive rotations, wheat grain yields expressed as a percentage of potential yield tended to increase over time. The best wheat yields were always in rotations that included a grain legume or legume pasture, with additional yield increases in all rotations coming from the use of N fertiliser. By comparison with rotation and N fertiliser effects, there was little effect of the stubble + tillage treatments on grain yield. Most of the yield variations were related to differences in tiller density or grains per ear, with grain weight remaining relatively constant over all seasons. There was a tendency for grain legume yields to decrease over the latter years of the trial, and this was attributed to the build-up of plant diseases through growing the same species on the same plot every second year. Overall, faba beans were the highest yielding grain legume, and the wheat-beans rotation, with 80 kg N/ha on the wheat, gave highest total grain production. Data for residue remaining after harvest indicate that in some years there is less than the desired minimum levels to give adequate protection against erosion, so any grazing of the residues must be carefully managed.

scholarly journals Winter Wheat Grain Yield Response to Fungicide Application is Influenced by Cultivar and Rainfall

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Byamukama ◽  
Shaukat Ali ◽  
Jonathan Kleinjan ◽  
Dalitso N. Yabwalo ◽  
Christopher Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Fungicide Application

Wheat grain yield and grain-nitrogen relationships as affected by N, P, and K fertilization: A synthesis of long-term experiments

2019 ◽  
Vol 236 ◽  
pp. 42-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romulo P. Lollato ◽  
Bruno M. Figueiredo ◽  
Jagmandeep S. Dhillon ◽  
Daryl B. Arnall ◽  
William R. Raun
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Long Term Experiments ◽  
Grain Nitrogen ◽  
K Fertilization

DRY MATTER AND NITROGEN ACCUMULATION AND REDISTRIBUTION AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO GRAIN YIELD AND GRAIN PROTEIN IN WHEAT

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICK M. McMULLAN ◽  
PETER B. E. McVETTY ◽  
AILEEN A. URQUHART
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Harvest Index ◽  
Grain Nitrogen ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Nitrogen Harvest

Dry matter and nitrogen (nitrate and reduced) accumulation and redistribution in four different spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes grown at field density were studied on a plant part and whole plant basis over the growing season for 2 yr. The four cultivars displayed significant differences in plant part and total plant dry matter, harvest index, nitrogen content, nitrogen concentration, nitrogen harvest index and nitrogen translocated values at most sample dates in both years. Grain yield was highly correlated with dry matter accumulation (r = 0.88**), while grain nitrogen content was highly correlated with plant nitrogen content (r = 0.95**). Nitrogen harvest index and plant nitrogen content were correlated at anthesis (r = 0.61**), while, as a consequence of this, the amount of nitrogen translocated was highly correlated with plant nitrogen content at anthesis (r = 0.87**). Nitrogen harvest index and harvest index were highly correlated (r = 0.83**), indicating that they may be related processes. Since plant dry matter and plant nitrogen content were not significantly correlated, it should be possible to select simultaneously for these traits to effect grain yield and grain nitrogen content increases on a per-plant basis. Further research will have to be done to determine how these changes will relate to grain nitrogen concentrations and grain yield per unit area.Key words: Wheat, dry matter, nitrogen, yield, protein, Triticum aestivum L.

Response of mown pasture to potassium fertilizer in south-eastern South Australia

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (88) ◽  
pp. 765 ◽  
Author(s):  
AP Meissner ◽  
AL Clarke
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Yield And Quality

Trials lasting three years were conducted at 27 sites in the south-east of South Australia to examine the responses of mown subterranean clover-ryegrass pastures to repeated annual applications of potassium chloride. At 20 sites, yield of dry matter (DM) was increased by potassium in one or more harvests. Responses were measured in 9 out of 55 winter harvests and 42 out of 86 spring harvests; mean responses to 100 kg ha-1 KCl (-Y100) at responsive sites were 380 and 560 kg DM ha-1 in winter and spring respectively. When potassium dressing increased yield, the proportion of clover in the sward was either maintained or increased. The herbage concentration of potassium was usually increased, and its magnesium concentration sometimes depressed, by potassium application. Although the K:Mg ratio was thereby increased, especially during winter, it rarely reached 15, the value considered necessary to induce grass tetany in cattle. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the exchangeable potassium concentration (Kex) of the top 10 cm of soil, the depth of soil overlying clay or limestone, and the sand content of the topsoil were factors affecting yield response. The best regression equations, however, explained less than half of the response variations. In practice, Kex alone would have usefully diagnosed potassium responsive sites. Responses occurred often when Kexwas less than 0.2 me 100 g-1 and rarely when it was greater. The use of potassium fertilizer is likely to be worthwhile to establish new pasture, to maintain the clover content of old pasture, and to increase the yield and quality of hay, where soils have less than 0.20 me 100 g-1 Kex. Such soils are most commonly sands more than 30 cm deep.

Nitrogen fertilizer and wheat in a semi-arid environment. 1. Effect on yield

1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (28) ◽  
pp. 453 ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Russell
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Considerable Variability ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Comparable Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Semi Arid

Response experiments with Gabo wheat at four rates of ammonium sulphate (0, 11.5, 23, and 46 lb N an acre) were carried out at a number of widely-spread locations in the cereal growing areas of South Australia during six seasons in the period 1956-61. Considerable variability in grain and grain + straw yield and in the observed response to nitrogen fertilizer was found. Season and site effects were marked and season-site interactions were also observed. The mean grain yield response was 8.7, 7.2, and 5.1 lb grain for each lb of nitrogen applied as fertilizer at the rates of 11.5, 23, and 46 lb N an acre. These mean values are lower than those reported for other more humid wheat growing areas, but there are conditions where response is at a comparable level. The main difficulty lies in predicting these situations. Several aspects of the use of nitrogen fertilizer in a semi-arid environment are discussed.

The effect of (2-chloroethyl) trimethylommonium chloride (CCC) on the growth and yield of wheat

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (51) ◽  
pp. 450 ◽  
Author(s):  
JE Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Crop Height ◽  
Commercial Importance

The effect of CCC on the growth of wheat in South Australia was assessed in three years, 1967 to 1969. A significant grain yield response was obtained only in the wet year, 1968, and was attributed to increased grain weight. It is suggested that the delay in heading and leaf senescence which occurred in CCC-treated plants allowed a greater assimilation of water and nutrients, thus producing the heavier grains. The lack of response in grain yield in 1967 and 1969 was probably due to moisture stress during gram filling. CCC reduced crop height significantly in 1968 and 1969, but not in the very dry year, 1967. There was evidence that split applications would be more useful than the single applications used in these experiments. Although CCC can give small increases in yield under some conditions, it is unlikely to be of commercial importance for wheat-growing in South Australia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document