THE EFFECT OF MOWING DATES AND DIFFERENT NITROGEN LEVELS ON YIELD CHARACTERISTICS OF BARLEY (HORDEUM VULGARE L.)

A field experiment was carried out during the winter season 2014/2015 in one of the fields of Abi Gharq district, located 10 km west of the Babylon governorate. The randomized complete block design was used under split-plots arrangement with three replications. The main plots were included levels of nitrogen fertilizer (without fertilizer, 50, 100, 150 N, 200, 250 kg). while the sub-plots were included (without a mower, a mower after 45 days, a mower after 65 days, a mower after 85 days) after planting, The data were taken and analyzed according to the used design and the averages were tested according to the LSD test, and the results were summarized as follows: The date of mowing C1 (mower after 45 days of planting) was significantly higher by giving the highest average for the degree of fallowness and the index of harvest, and the percentage of nitrogen in the green fodder was 3.647, 37.63% and 1.837%, respectively. Treatment C0 (without mower) outperformed significantly by giving it the highest average of biological yield, grain yield and nitrogen percentage in grains, as it gave 15,114 tons. H-1 and 5.73 tons. H-1 and 1.242%, respectively The fertilizer level N5 (250 kg N. H-1) gave the highest average of the degree of lying, biological yield, grain yield, nitrogen percentage in green fodder and nitrogen content in grains, as it gave 3.854% and 7.571 tons. H-1 and 6.20 tons. % And 1.397%, respectively, We conclude from the results of the study that lack of without cutting to a significant increase in the degree of resting, biological yield and grain yield, and we conclude that the high levels of nitrogen led to a significant increase in the degree of lying, biological yield, grain yield, and the proportion of nitrogen in green fodder and grains

Effect of activated carbon on the nitrogen balance in broilers, soil and corn forage fertilized with the excreta of the broilers

Objective: To evaluate the contribution and nitrogen retention in broilers supplementedwith activated carbon (CaAc), as well and in soils and corn forage fertilized with the excretaof chickens that consumed CaAc.Design / methodology / approach: Chickens individually housed received diets with fourlevels of CaAc: 0, 0.15, 0.30 and 0.45% and their nitrogen balance was determined usingthe total collection of excreta. 200 g of the chicken excreta were taken and mixed with 2 kgof soil (S + E) in plastic trays and watered every 15 d. On day 1 and 60, samples weretaken to perform the nitrogen balance assessment. The S + E mixtures were added to 17kg of agricultural soil in pots to produce corn forage for 100 d, their yield and compositionwere recorded. The results were analyzed with an ANOVA and linear regression.Findings / conclusion: In chickens, nitrogen retention showed a quadratic response (P<0.05); In the S + E mixtures, the percentage (P <0.01) and final nitrogen content (P <0.05) had also quadratic responses, and in the forage, the nitrogen percentage showed a cubicresponse (P <0.05) respect to the increases in the addition of CaAc in the chicken´s diet. CaAc can be used to improve the nitrogen efficiency in chickens and for nitrogen recycling through the integration of excreta in agricultural soils and its extraction in corn forage.

Особенности красных игристых вин, выработанных из сорта винограда Каберне-Совиньон

В статье рассмотрены основные и дополнительные показатели игристых вин, полученных из виноматериалов, выработанных по-красному способу из сорта винограда Каберне-Совиньон, произрастающего в разных микрозонах Крыма. Выявлены отличительные показатели игристых вин (величины окислительно-восстановительного потенциала и активной кислотности, массовые концентрации альдегидов и аминного азота, процента мономерных и полимерных форм фенольных веществ от суммы фенольных веществ, интенсивности и оттенка окраски), на основе которых проведена дифференциация указанных образцов на две группы в зависимости от места произрастания винограда: 1 группа - г. Ялта: п. Васильевка, пгт Гурзуф; 2 группа - Бахчисарайский район: с. Вилино, с. Плодовое. Полученные данные возможно использовать как дополнительные показатели при характеристике игристых вин, выработанных из виноматериалов из винограда, произрастающего в разных микрозонах Крыма.The article discusses core and additional characteristics of sparkling wines obtained from wine materials produced using on-skins fermentation from ‘Cabernet-Sauvignon’ grapes grown in various microzones of Crimea. Distinctive characteristics of sparkling wines have been revealed (redox potential and active acidity values, mass concentration of aldehydes and amine nitrogen, percentage of monomeric and polymer forms of phenolic substances from the sum of phenolic substances, intensity and color tone), based on which the samples were divided into two groups depending on their origin: group 1 - Yalta: Vasilyevka, Gurzuf; 2 group - Bakhchisarai region: Vilino, Plodovoye villages. The obtained data can be used as additional indicators to characterize sparkling wines produced from wine materials made from grapes grown in various microzones of Crimea.

Primary and secondary amine material based on crosslinked polystyrene: synthesis and initial application for multiresidue pesticides analysis

Weak anion exchange sorbent based on cross-linked polystyrene with primary secondary amine group was prepared by substitution nucleophilic reaction (SN2) between methylene chloride group and 1,2-ethylene diamine. The effect of factors, namely the weight ratio of amine over methylene chloride, reaction time and temperature on nitrogen percentage were studied using experimental design approach. The amination yield rose as all of factors increased but was reduced while both temperature and time increased simultaneously. Nitrogen percentage of the products were varied from 4.0% to 6.3%. Sorbents with predicted capacity of 4.5%, 5.0%, 6.3%, and 6.5% were synthesized. The results showed that the actual capacities of the products were close to the predictions, especially for those in the experimental domain, indicating a good model that can be used to prepare sorbents of any desired capacity. The sorbent application ability of multiresidue pesticides analysis in food were initially investigated through both aspects: interference elimination and analyte content conservation.

OPTIMASI JENIS DAN KADAR SUMBER NITROGEN SERTA pH MEDIUM UNTUK PRODUKSI PROTEASE DARI ISOLAT HTcUM6.2.2 DARI TAUCO SURABAYA

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sumber nitrogen, kadar sumber nitrogen dan pH optimum untuk produksi protease isolat HTcUM6.2.2. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratoris menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu faktorial masing-masing yaitu jenis, kadar sumber nitrogen, serta pH medium dengan tahap penelitian terdiri dari peremajaan, validasi kemurnian isolat HTcUM6.2.2, produksi ekstrak kasar protease isolat HTcUM6.2.2, uji aktivitas protease. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sumber nitrogen optimum untuk menghasilkan protease dari isolat HTcUM6.2.2 adalah susu skim dan limbah cair tahu. Kadar limbah cair tahu optimum untuk produksi protease dari isolat HTcUM6.2.2 sebesar 10 %. Produksi protease cukup tinggi dan relatif konstan antara pH 6 sampai 8. Aktivitas protease tertinggi sebesar 0,817 U/ml dicapai dengan penggunaan 10 % limbah cair tahu pada medium produksi, pH = 7 selama 3 hari. Kata kunci: protease, tauco, isolat, nitrogen, limbah cair tahu AbstractThis study aims to determine the optimum of the nitrogen source, percentage of nitrogen source and pH for the production of protease from isolate HTcUM6.2.2. This research is a laboratory experimental with a research stage comprising inoculation and validation of the purity of the isolates HTcUM6.2.2, production of crude extract of protease to determine source of nitrogen, percentage of nitrogen source and pH optimum, determination of protease activity. The results showed that the optimum source of nitrogen to produce proteases from the HTcUM6.2.2 isolate was skim milk and tofu wastewater. Percentage of nitrogen source optimum to produce protease of HTcUM6.2.2 isolate was 10 % of tofu wastewater. Protease production is relatively high and constantance at pH 6 to 8. The highest protease activity was achieved by the use of 10 % tofu wastewater at production medium, pH = 7 for 3 days was 0,817 U/mL. The keywords: protease, tauco, isolate, nitrogen, tofu wastewater

Silicon Carbon Nitride Thin Films Produced by Magnetron Reactive Sputtering Physical Vapour Deposition: Structural, Chemical and Mechanical Characterisation

Amorphous silicon carbon nitride films were deposited on silicon and WC-Co substrates by magnetron reactive sputtering in Ar/N₂ gas mixture with carbon and silicon targets. The influence of experimental parameters on the films morphological, structural and mechanical properties was studied. The general morphology of the film is observed by SEM and TEM. EDXS and FTIR were used to determine the film chemical composition and the nature of chemical bonding. It was observed that C≡N bonds and nitrogen percentage in the film are promoted when the substrate is biased. The role of an underlayer and the influence of its nature on the film adhesion on WC/Co substrates were also studied. In this case, nanoscratch tests showed that a SiNx thin film could be an appropriate underlayer.

EFFECT OF POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL AND SALICYLIC ACID ON SOME VEGETATIVE GROWTH TRAITS OF DATE PALM TISSUE CULTURE DERIVED PLANTS

This research was conducted in the greenhouse of Al-Rabee Research Station of the Department of Horticulture, Ministry of Agriculture for the 2011-2012 season in order to examine the effect of foliar application of various combinations of polyethylene glycol and salicylic acid levels on some vegetative growth traits of date palm tissue cultured derived plants.The concentrations of polyethylene (zero, 20 and 40 mg.L-1) and salicylic acid (zero, 50 and 100mg.L-1). The experiment carried out using randomized complete design and factorial in three replications. The results showed that increasing the concentration of polyethylene led to increased paperwork content of chlorophyll B and the total and received an increase the nitrogen percentage in the papers. The impact of the concentration of acid, salicylic has said the results of a significant increase in chlorophyll, A, B and macro as well as an increase in the percentage of dry matter and an increase in the percentage of nitrogen in securities The impact of interaction between the polyethylene acid, salicylic, the results showed that there was a significant increase in most the traits in study.

Grain weight and malting quality in barley as affected by brief periods of increased spike temperature under field conditions

High temperature is usually one of the most important stresses during grain filling affecting both yield and quality in barley crops. In the present study, an attempt was made to assess in the field the effects of short periods of high temperature, using transparent boxes covering only the spikes, with thermostatically controlled electric resistance for increasing the temperature. Treatments consisted of 2 malting cultivars and 5 heat treatments of high temperatures (8�C above the environmental temperature for 6 h/day for 5 consecutive days) over different periods during grain filling. Final grain weight was reduced by 2–14%, depending on the timing of heat stress and the genotype. There was a significant increase in grain nitrogen percentage in both cultivars, and grain β-glucans decreased with high temperatures in Logan and were unchanged in Beka. The resulting malt extract was reduced with exposure to high temperatures, depending on the cultivar, implying that even mild heat stress may change malting performance.

Nitrogen accumulation and distribution at anthesis and maturity in ten wheats grown at three sites in north-western Victoria

Plant nitrogen relationships were studied in 10 wheat cultivars sown at 3 sites (Horsham, Boort and Walpeup) in north-western Victoria by determining the nitrogen concentration and nitrogen content of plant components at anthesis and maturity. While the concentration of nitrogen varied in different plant components, whole plants at anthesis had a nitrogen concentration below the value required for maximum growth. The time to anthesis had an influence only on grain yield and grain nitrogen percentage at Horsham. Total assimilation of nitrogen at both anthesis and maturity was more strongly correlated to plant dry matter than plant nitrogen concentration. There was a significant negative correlation between grain nitrogen percentage and both nitrogen harvest index and harvest index. Grain yield was strongly correlated with total nitrogen accumulated at anthesis and more strongly correlated with total nitrogen accumulated at maturity. Grain yield was significantly correlated with nitrogen harvest index and more strongly correlated with harvest index. Grain yield was negatively correlated with grain nitrogen percentage. The negative association between grain nitrogen percentage and harvest index has important implications for the breeding of wheat with higher grain nitrogen percentage while maintaining or increasing grain yield. The results indicated that none of the measured parameters could be used for indirect selection aimed at improving grain nitrogen percentage.