Honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) increase yields of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) in New South Wales while maintaining adequate protein requirements from faba bean pollen

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Somerville
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
New South ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Faba Beans ◽  
The Impact

Summary. A trial was conducted to measure the impact of honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) on faba bean (Vicia faba L.) yields and to determine the value of the crop to honeybees. The seed yield in cages with bees was 25% higher than in those without bees. The pollen harvested by honey bees from the faba beans met their nutritional requirements for protein and amino acids but there was no detectable nectar crop gathered from the faba beans. Thus, there seems to be a strong case for using managed honey bees to improve pollination and hence yields of Australian faba beans where feral bee populations maybe insufficient.

Effects of plant density and sowing date on grain yield of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) in northern New South Wales

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Marcellos ◽  
GA Constable
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Faba Beans ◽  
High Yields

The effects of varying plant density and sowing date on grain yield of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) were determined in 6 experiments at Tamworth and Narrabri in northern New South Wales. The graph of grain yield rose to an asymptote as plant density was increased. Under conditions favouring high yields, a plant density of 20 m-2 gave near maximum grain yields, but for a wider range of circumstances a plant density of 30-35 m-2 was appropriate. If sowing was delayed after the end of April, grain yield was reduced as was dry matter yield and the duration of pod-filling. Late sowing also lowered the height of the first pod above ground, and increased the likelihood of yield loss through foliar disease.

Impact of sowing time, genotype, environment and maturity on biomass and yield components in faba bean (Vicia faba)

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bill K. Manning ◽  
Kedar N. Adhikari ◽  
Richard Trethowan
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Impact

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a significant rotation crop in northern New South Wales. However, drought limits yield, and the reproductive structures of faba bean are sensitive to high temperatures and frost. Although early sowing can avoid terminal heat and drought stresses, the accumulation of large amounts of vegetative biomass may result in low yield. Experiments were conducted over 2 years at Breeza and Narrabri in north-western New South Wales, Australia, to examine the influence of sowing time on yield, yield components, maturity, pod distribution and biomass production. The second sowing date (early May) produced the highest yield and seed weight at both sites. However, the third sowing date (late May) produced greater yield than the first (mid-April) at Breeza, and this was associated with very high final biomass. At Narrabri, the first and third sowing dates produced similar low yield. Poorer yield in late-sown materials was likely due to terminal stress, and the impact will be greater in less favourable locations and seasons. The poorer yield of faba bean from the first sowing date was likely driven by excessive biomass accumulation, an effect that would be exacerbated in favourable seasons and locations. The lower seed weight observed at Breeza was possibly a result of greater intra-plant competition. The earliest maturing genotype had the highest yield and seed weight at both sites, indicating the importance of rapid pod growth and senescence in these warm and often water-limited environments. Dry matter production was greater with early sowing, higher moisture and warmer temperatures. In contrast to other studies, a weak relationship between biomass and yield was observed.

Quantitative genetic studies of yield, yield components, and phenological and agronomic characters in spring faba bean

Genome ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Kao ◽  
P. B. E. McVetty
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Faba Beans

Hayman's diallel cross analysis was employed to investigate the nature of the genetic control and heritability of yield, yield components, and phenological and agronomic characters in F1 and F2 generations of spring faba beans (Vicia faba L.). High-yielding S4 inbred lines from five open-pollinated faba bean cultivars were used as parents to generate complete F1 and F2 diallels. The S5 inbred line parents and the 20 cross combinations were planted in randomized complete block experiments with six replications. All characters in the F1 diallel and in the F2 diallel with the exception of days from planting to maturity met all of the assumptions required for Hayman's diallel analysis. Yield, total dry matter, harvest index, and pods per plant exhibited significant apparent overdominance in both the F1 and F2 diallels. It is concluded that substantial immediate increases in yield and total dry matter could be expected from exploiting the apparent overdominant gene action found for these characters in these crosses via F1 hybrids or synthetics. Key words: total dry matter, harvest index, diallel crosses, inheritance, Vicia faba L.

Screening of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Germplasm Accessions against Grey Mould Disease Caused by Botrytis fabae Sard

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Elkhalil Benzohra ◽  
Hakima Belaidi
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Grey Mould ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Botrytis Fabae ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Faba Beans ◽  
Chocolate Spot Disease

Background: Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is thirst most important grain legume in the world and the first one in Algeria. The chocolate spot disease caused by Botrytis fabae Sard (BF), is the major constraint of this culture in Algeria when caused a destructive damages.Methods: The aim of this study is to find the sources of resistance for Seven varieties of faba beans (Giza 02, Giza 40, Giza 461, Sakha 02, Sakha 03, Precoce de Seville), by using the detached leaflet inoculation test for resistance to the two isolates from BF represent two different regions of northwest Algeria (Mascara and Relizane). Result: A significant difference (P less than 0.05) was observed in the reaction of the varieties which manifest themselves by a different reaction vis-à-vis the isolates of BF. Total sensitivity was observed in the four (4) varieties Giza02, Sakha01, Sakha02 and Sakha03, two (2) varieties (Giza40 and Ziban), are tolerant, while the variety named ‘Precoce de Seville’ showed significant resistance to both isolates from BF. These results showed a similar pathogenic behavior of two isolates of BF and variability in the level of reactions of the varieties of beans. The variety ‘Precoce de Seville’ showed promising results to be valued and cultivated in order to reduce the damage caused by this disease and reduce the use of chemicals.

FABA BEAN: LOW RESISTANCE TO PEA APHIDS, ACYRTHOSIPHON PISUM (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE), IN ELEVEN CULTIVARS

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. FRAZER ◽  
D. RAWORTH ◽  
T. GOSSARD
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Developmental Rate ◽  
Low Resistance ◽  
Pea Aphids ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Faba Beans

Eleven cultivars of faba beans and one of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) were bioassayed for resistance to pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)) by determining the fecundity, survival and developmental rate of the aphid on each cultivar. None of the cultivars tested, including the three licensed for production in Canada, possess any significant resistance, although they differ in susceptibility.

Influence of foliar-applied fungicides on seed yield of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) in northern New South Wales

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Marcellos ◽  
KJ Moore ◽  
A Nikandrow
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Chocolate Spot ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Better Than

The effects of 5 foliar-applied fungicides on seed yield of faba bean (Vicia faba) cv. Fiord were studied over 3 years at Tamworth in northern New South Wales. In 2 seasons when the diseases chocolate spot (Botrytis fabae) and rust (Uromyces viciae-fabae) were significant, 5 applications of foliar fungicides after flowering increased yield, by up to 1.6 t/ha in 1990 and nearly 0.9 t/ha in 1992, compared with the unsprayed treatment.Mancozeb, dichlofluanid, and tebuconazole were the most effective fungicides for preventing yield reduction, and vinclozolin and procymidone had little or no effect. Mancozeb and tebuconazole were effective in reducing the severity of both diseases, whereas procymidone was only active against chocolate spot. Differences between the most effective fungicides when applied 5 times or twice (at early and mid flowering) were seldom significant. Seed yields following 2 applications of tebuconazole were significantly higher than from 1 application, but for mancozeb, 2 applications were better than 1 in 1992 only. It was estimated that rust accounted for most of the yield loss in 1990 and 1992, and did so mainly by reducing seed size. Application of mancozeb early and during late flowering provided an effective and economical increase in grain yield in 1990 and 1992.

RAW AND AUTOCLAVED FABA BEANS IN CHICK DIETS

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. MARQUARDT ◽  
L. D. CAMPBELL
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Antinutritional Factor ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Faba Beans

Two experiments were conducted with male Leghorn chicks over 20- and 21-day periods to study the influence of heat treatment (autoclaved 15 min at 121 C) on the antinutritional factor(s) of the faba bean (Vicia faba L. var. minor). Pancreas size decreased and efficiency of feed utilization was improved in chicks fed diets containing heated as compared with raw faba beans (P < 0.01). The most pronounced effect of heat treatment occurred in diets of high (85%) faba bean content. The decreases in pancreas size and feed:gain ratio were 25 and 12%, respectively. Heat treatment resulted in a significant (P < 0.01) growth response (7.3%) in chicks fed the diet containing 85% faba beans. Weight gain in chicks, however, was not significantly (P > 0.05) affected with diets containing 57 or 28% faba beans and was the same as for chicks fed the 85% heated faba bean diet. The results of the second experiment showed that most of the antinutritional factor(s) in faba beans is associated with the hulless portion of the faba bean. It was also shown that the weight of the hull was approximately 13% of that of the whole bean and that it had a high (45%) content of crude fiber and a low (6%) content of crude protein.

scholarly journals Genetic Resource of the Resistance of Vicia faba L. against the Black Bean Aphid, Aphis fabae Scopoli

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouad Meradsi ◽  
Malik Laamari
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Black Bean ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Black Bean Aphid

The Black bean aphid Aphis fabae Scopoli (Homoptera: Aphididae) is a serious pest of faba bean, Vicia faba L. (Fabaceae) in Algeria. The use of resistant cultivars may reduce the impact of this pest on broad bean production and at the same time reduce environmental risks and control costs. The level of resistance of fourteen cultivars of broad bean, Vicia faba was screened in the field against the main aphid pest of faba bean, the Black bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scopoli during January to April 2011 in Biskra region (in the east of Algeria). Among the cultivars tested, six cultivars (1, 9, 12, 13, 14 and 15) were the most resistant in the three counts, while three cultivars (4, 6 and 11) were showed a high susceptibility against this aphid at least once. The remainder of cultivars (3, 5, 7, 8 and 10) revealed an unsettled level of resistance. The relationship between the level of resistance and morphological characters of cultivars indicated that the resistant cultivars have a longer leaflet than the high susceptible cultivars. In the other hand, the statistical analysis showed that no significant differences on the plant height and the leaflet width in the tow category of cultivars (resistant and high susceptible).   

Sensitivity of Australian Melissococcus pluton isolates to oxytetracycline hydrochloride

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 881 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Z. Hornitzky ◽  
L. A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Australia ◽  
The Past ◽  
South Wales ◽  
European Foulbrood

Summary. The effectiveness of the antibiotic oxytetracycline hydrochloride) against the bacterium Melissococcus pluton, which causes European foulbrood in honey bees (Apis mellifera) was investigated in this study. The minimum inhibitory concentration of oxytetracycline hydrochloride for 104 M. pluton isolates cultured from samples of brood and honey collected from A. mellifera colonies in New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania was determined. The minimum inhibitory concentration was 1 g/mL for 51 isolates, and 2 g/mL for 53 isolates. These results indicate that, although oxytetracycline hydrochloride has been used exclusively for the past 22 years to treat European foulbrood, Australian isolates of M. pluton are still sensitive to this antibiotic.

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