Corrigendum to: In vitro cytotoxicity assessment of a hydraulic fracturing fluid

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Madeleine E. Payne ◽  
Heather F. Chapman ◽  
Janet Cumming ◽  
Frederic D. L. Leusch
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Fracturing Fluid ◽  
Cytotoxicity Assessment ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid

In vitro cytotoxicity assessment of a hydraulic fracturing fluid

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine E. Payne ◽  
Heather F. Chapman ◽  
Janet Cumming ◽  
Frederic D. L. Leusch
Keyword(s):  
Coal Seam ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Coal Seam Gas ◽  
Fracturing Fluid ◽  
Human Health Risks ◽  
Fracturing Fluids ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid

Environmental context Hydraulic fracturing fluids, used in large volumes by the coal seam gas mining industry, are potentially present in the environment either in underground formations or in mine wastewater (produced water). Previous studies of the human health and environmental effects of this practice have been limited because they use only desktop methods and have not considered combined mixture toxicity. We use a novel in vitro method for toxicity assessment, and describe the toxicity of a hydraulic fracturing fluid on a human gastrointestinal cell line. Abstract Hydraulic fracturing fluids are chemical mixtures used to enhance oil and gas extraction. There are concerns that fracturing fluids are hazardous and that their release into the environment – by direct injection to coal and shale formations or as residue in produced water – may have effects on ecosystems, water quality and public health. This study aimed to characterise the acute cytotoxicity of a hydraulic fracturing fluid using a human gastrointestinal cell line and, using this data, contribute to the understanding of potential human health risks posed by coal seam gas (CSG) extraction in Queensland, Australia. Previous published research on the health effects of hydraulic fracturing fluids has been limited to desktop studies of individual chemicals. As such, this study is one of the first attempts to characterise the toxicity of a hydraulic fracturing mixture using laboratory methods. The fracturing fluid was determined to be cytotoxic, with half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) values across mixture variations ranging between 25 and 51mM. When used by industry, these fracturing fluids would be at concentrations of over 200mM before injection into the coal seam. A 5-fold dilution would be sufficient to reduce the toxicity of the fluids to below the detection limit of the assay. It is unlikely that human exposure would occur at these high (‘before use’) concentrations and likely that the fluids would be diluted during use. Thus, it can be inferred that the level of acute risk to human health associated with the use of these fracturing fluids is low. However, a thorough exposure assessment and additional chronic and targeted toxicity assessments are required to conclusively determine human health risks.

scholarly journals Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and in vitro Cytotoxicity Assessment of Fruit Wines

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Ljevar ◽  
◽  
Natka Ćurko ◽  
Marina Tomašević ◽  
Kristina Radošević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Phenolic Composition ◽  
Cytotoxicity Assessment

In vitro cytotoxicity assessment of carbon fabric coated with calcium phosphate

Carbon ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 2-3
Author(s):  
Hong-mei Han ◽  
Gary J. Phillips ◽  
Sergey V. Mikhalovsky ◽  
Andrew W. Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Carbon Fabric ◽  
Cytotoxicity Assessment

scholarly journals The cytotoxic activity of pine needles ethanolic extract of Pinus merkusii on HeLa cell lines

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Annise Proboningrat ◽  
Amaq Fadholly ◽  
Sri Agus Sudjarwo ◽  
Fedik Abdul Rantam ◽  
Agung Budianto Achmad
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Anticancer Agent ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Hela Cell Lines ◽  
Cytotoxicity Assessment ◽  
Pinus Merkusii

Several efforts have been made to discover new anticancer agents based on natural ingredients. Meanwhile, previous studies have shown that different Pine genus species exhibit cytotoxic activity against various types of cancer cells. This plant is rich in phenolic compounds, especially procyanidins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the in vitro cytotoxicity of Pinus merkusii needles extract on HeLa cancer cell lines. The cytotoxicity assessment was measured using MTT assay and expressed as IC50 value. The results showed that the ethanolic extract poses a dose and time-dependent cytotoxic activity with an IC50 value of 542.5 µg/ml at 48 hours of incubation. Based on this result, Pinus merkusii needles’ ethanolic extract has the potential of a novel candidate for an anticancer agent.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT, CYTOTOXICITY, AND STABILITY EVALUATION OF GINKGO BILOBA EXTRACT-BASED MICROEMULSIONS FOR ENHANCED THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Singh ◽  
Surya Pratap Singh ◽  
Rachana R
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba Extract ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Cytotoxicity Assessment

Objective: This study is aimed to evaluate the antioxidant (AO) potential, cytotoxicity, and stability of preformulated Ginkgo biloba standard extractmicroemulsion (GBME), to investigate if, it retains the therapeutic potential of EGB761 and remains safe and stable for a longer period.Method and Results: GBME has shown enhanced AO (85.2±0.78%, IC50=31.3±0.45 μg/ml) in comparison to EGB761 (74.1±0.51%,IC50=49.4±0.05 μg/ml) using 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assay. Similarly, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate(DPPH) assay has also shown that AO for GBME (94.6±0.04%, IC50=11.4±1.03 μg/ml) was higher than EGB761 (78.6±1.20%, IC50=34.6±0.81 μg/ml).Further, IC50 value of antiradical unit of GBME was much lesser (ABTS=14.3±1.05 μg/ml and DPPH=17.03±1.8 μg/ml) in comparison to EGB761(ABTS=34.1±1.62 μg/ml and DPPH=37.5±0.08 μg/ml). Equivalently, both, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, and nitric oxide activity wereappreciably higher for GBME than the pure extract. The in vitro cytotoxicity assessment showed that GBME is quite safe (98.68±0.76% cell viability) incomparison to EGB761 (83.29±1.02%). Thereafter, these samples were tested for stability by evaluating their AO activity along with high-performanceliquid chromatography analysis, for the major phytocompounds, after 1 year, and results suggested that AO of GBME remained stable while comparingwith the freshly prepared GBME, whereas AO of EGB761 reduced significantly as compared to freshly taken EGB761 extract implying the degradationof phytocompounds supporting decrease in AO activity.Conclusion: Therefore, the observed results suggest that GBME maintained AO and scavenging activity along with enhanced shelf life with no observedtoxicity, which can be explored further for its potential therapeutic implications in various oxidative stress-induced central nervous system disorders.

scholarly journals The Synthesis, Characterization, Cytotoxic Activity Assessment and Structure–Activity Relationship of 4-Aryl-6-(2,5-dichlorothiophen-3-yl)-2-methoxypyridine-3-carbonitriles

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (22) ◽  
pp. 4072
Author(s):  
Al-Refai ◽  
Ibrahim ◽  
Azmi ◽  
Osman ◽  
Bakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Basic Medium ◽  
Condensation Process ◽  
Cytotoxicity Activities ◽  
Cytotoxicity Assessment ◽  
Relationship Of

A series of 2-methoxypyridine-3-carbonitrile (5a–i)-bearing aryl substituents were successfully synthesized in good yields by the condensation of chalcones (4a–i) with malononitrile in basic medium. The condensation process, in most cases, offers a route to a variety of methoxypyridine derivatives (6a–g) as side products in poor yields. All new compounds were fully characterized using different spectroscopic methods. Mass ESI-HMRS measurements were also performed. Furthermore, these compounds were screened for their in vitro cytotoxicity activities against three cancer cell lines; namely, those of the liver (line HepG2), prostate (line DU145) and breast (line MBA-MB-231). The cytotoxicity assessment revealed that compounds 5d, 5g, 5h and 5i exhibit promising antiproliferative effects (IC50 1–5 µM) against those three cancer cell lines.

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