scholarly journals Crop improvement in the era of climate change: an integrated, multi-disciplinary approach for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip E. McClean ◽  
Jimmy Burridge ◽  
Stephen Beebe ◽  
Idupulapati M. Rao ◽  
Timothy G. Porch
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Association Analysis ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Global Population

Climate change and global population increase are two converging forces that will jointly challenge researchers to design programs that ensure crop production systems meet the world’s food demand. Climate change will potentially reduce productivity while a global population increase will require more food. If productivity is not improved for future climatic conditions, food insecurity may foster major economic and political uncertainty. Given the importance of grain legumes in general – common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in particular – a workshop entitled ‘Improving Tolerance of Common Bean to Abiotic Stresses’ was held with the goal of developing an interdisciplinary research agenda designed to take advantage of modern genotyping and breeding approaches that are coupled with large scale phenotyping efforts to improve common bean. Features of the program included a multinational phenotyping effort to evaluate the major common bean core germplasm collections and appropriate genetic populations. The phenotyping effort will emphasise the response of root and shoot traits to individual and combined stress conditions. These populations would also be genotyped using newly emerging high density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker arrays or next generation sequencing technology. Association analysis of the core collections aims to identify key loci associated with the response to the stress conditions. Companion bi-parental quantitative trait loci (QTL) experiments will act as confirmation experiments for the association analysis. The upcoming release of the genome sequence of common bean will be leveraged by utilising population genomic approaches to discover genomic regions that differentiate stress-responsive and non-responsive genotypes. The genome sequence will also enable global gene expression studies that will highlight specific molecular-based stress responses. This collective knowledge will inform the selection of parental lines to improve the efficiency of common bean improvement programs.

scholarly journals Genomic resources for Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola races 5 and 8

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bret Cooper ◽  
Ronghui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Genomic Information ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Sequencing Platform ◽  
Halo Blight ◽  
Long Read ◽  
Blight Disease

Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola causes halo blight disease on Phaseolus vulgaris. Using a long-read DNA sequencing platform, we assembled the genome sequences for P. savastanoi pv. phaseolicola races 5 and 8 that have distinguishable avirulent and virulent phenotypes on P. vulgaris PI G19833, a common bean with an annotated genome sequence. The twelve race 5 assemblies comprise two major 4.5 Mb and 1.4 Mb chromosome-like contigs and ten smaller contigs. The four race 8 assemblies comprise a major 6.1 Mb chromosome and 3 smaller contigs. Annotation yielded 5,890 genes for race 5 and 5,919 genes for race 8. These data will enable the discovery of the genetic and proteomic differences between these two races and allow comparisons to other races for which genomic information already exists.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Pole-type French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes for Agro-Morphological Variability and Yield in the Mid Hills of Nepal.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Kalauni ◽  
Salina Pant ◽  
Binod P. Luitel ◽  
Bishnu Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Color Analysis ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Improvement Programs

Abstract Knowledge of genetic diversity is crucial to assess the variability of genotypes and their potential use in crop improvement program. The present experiment was conducted at Horticultur Research Station (HRS), Dailekh (1300 masl) for three years during 2016-2018 to study the agro-morphological variability and performance of six genotypes of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) for pod and seed yield. The genotypes viz; Bhatte, Chaumase, Dhankute Chirrke, WP Con Bean, White OP and Trishuli were experimented in Randomized Completely Block (RCB) design with four replications. Observations were recorded on 14 qualitative and 12 quantitative traits. Among the qualitative traits, French bean genotypes observed variability w.r.t. stem pigmentation, leaf color, leaflet shape, stem hairyness, flower color, pod color, pod shape, pod cross section, pod beak position, pod appearance, seed size, seed shape and seed color. Analysis of variance for quantitative traits showed significant differences among all the genotypes for all the characters studied. Three year mean results showed the genotype Chaumase (35.0 t/ha) followed by Trishuli (28.0 t/ha), WP Con Bean (24.6 t/ha) and White OP (22.9 t/ha) recorded the maximum green pod yield. Similarly, genotypes Chaumase (2.1 t/ha), Trishuli (2.1 t/ha), Dhankute Chirrke (1.44 t/ha) and White OP (1.09 t/ha) were found promising for seed production purpose. The agro-morphological variation observed in growth and pod characters could be utilized in variety improvement programs. Future research work needed to be focused on the further evaluation of these genotypes under different production system for yield and seed production and to identify traits useful for crop improvement.

scholarly journals Improving the Conservation and Use of Traditional Germplasm through Breeding for Local Adaptation: The Case of the Castellfollit del Boix Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Landrace

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 889
Author(s):  
Joan Casals ◽  
Ana Rivera ◽  
Aurora Rull ◽  
Roser Romero del Castillo ◽  
Josep Sabaté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Genetic Erosion ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Potential Index ◽  
Local Environments ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
The Impact

The dramatic reduction in the diversity of crops in the last century is often attributed to the consolidation of scientific breeding, probably because the two processes have occurred at the same time. We carried out a breeding program to enhance the Castellfollit del Boix landrace of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in a low-input environment to determine the effects of breeding on a landrace at risk of disappearing. The program increased the number of accessions conserved ex situ and obtained more efficient genotypes that are less likely to be abandoned by farmer without altering the characteristics that consumers appreciate most. As a result, the availability of the product, its promotion, and its use have increased. We propose a Conservation Potential Index to measure the impact of changes in the crop’s epiphenotype, and also apply it to a set of landraces from several crops. We argue that scientific breeding and information gathered in the context of genetic improvement programs can help to conserve biodiversity when they aim to adapt materials to different local environments, rather than having a negative impact on the biodiversity of crops. This approach contrasts with the genetic erosion that results from efforts to homogenize environments by increasing inputs, so that a few improved varieties adapted to these environments can be grown.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of Rhizobium sophoriradicis H4, a Nitrogen-Fixing Bacterium Associated with the Leguminous Plant Phaseolus vulgaris on the Coast of Peru

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto Ormeño-Orrillo ◽  
Yohana Aguilar-Cuba ◽  
Doris Zúñiga-Dávila
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Genome Assembly ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Leguminous Plant ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Common ◽  
Rna Genes

ABSTRACT The genome sequence of Rhizobium sophoriradicis H4, a nitrogen-fixing bacterium isolated from the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Peru, is reported here. The genome assembly revealed a 6.44-Mbp genome which was distributed into 95 contigs, with N 50 and L 50 values of 293 kbp and 9, respectively. The genome contained 6,312 coding sequence (CDS) genes and 52 RNA genes (49 tRNAs and 3 rRNAs).

scholarly journals Analysis of genome sequence and symbiotic ability of rhizobial strains isolated from seeds of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)

BMC Genomics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Aguilar ◽  
Yolanda Mora ◽  
Araceli Dávalos ◽  
Lourdes Girard ◽  
Jaime Mora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Genome Sequence

scholarly journals Diversity and genetic potential of various morphological traits among common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, Fabaceae) landraces

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tura Bareke
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Future Production ◽  
Agroecological Zones ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Abstract. Bareke T. 2019. Diversity and genetic potential of various morphological traits among common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, Fabaceae) landraces. Biodiversitas 20: 3237-3245. The study was undertaken to identify the morphological diversity and genetic potential among landraces of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) at field conditions of Adama District, Ethiopia. Twenty four common bean landraces from different agroecological zones were collected and grown in three replications. Data of eight agromorphological descriptors were collected using IBPGR protocol. Accordingly, Zale wehy was significantly different (p<0.05) from all landraces with the highest mean number of pods per plant. On the other hand, the mean number of seeds per pod was significantly (p<0.05) higher for Dobole followed by Dima, Kalibushay and Adi tikko while Logoma dume has the lowest number of seeds per pod. The average number of seeds per pod had inverse relationship with seed size. The highest diversity was found in number of seed per plant among landraces while the lowest diversity was found in number of seed per pod. Based on morphological traits similarities among 24 landraces were classified into 4 major categories. Heritability was the highest for seed length (0.97) followed by number of seed per pod (0.94) and seed per plants (0.69) and the lowest (0.1) for height of plant and the rest found between these values. The variability observed in seed length, number of seeds per pod, number of seeds per plant and number of pods per plant which could be utilized in variety improvement programs. Therefore, crop breeders could give emphasis to these traits of landraces to monitor and use for the breeding program, future production and for other domestic purposes.

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