Genotypic variation in photosynthetic limitation responses to K deficiency of Brassica napus is associated with potassium utilisation efficiency

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhifeng Lu ◽  
Jianwei Lu ◽  
Yonghui Pan ◽  
Xiaokun Li ◽  
Rihuan Cong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Mesophyll Conductance ◽  
Leaf Photosynthesis ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Remarkable Improvement ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
Utilisation Efficiency

Cultivars with higher potassium utilisation efficiency (KUtE) are likely to have superior photosynthesis (A) under K deficiency. However, the inner link between KUtE and photosynthesis remains unclear. A quantitative analysis of stomatal (SL), mesophyll conductance (MCL) and biochemical (BL) limitations on A in response to K supplementation was performed on upper and lower leaves of Brassica napus L. Huayouza No. 9 (H9, high KUtE) and Zhongshuang No. 11 (Z11, low KUtE). Both cultivars showed remarkable improvement in leaf area and lower leaf photosynthesis with elevated K supply. The total photosynthetic limitation of Z11 in lower leaf was 51.9% higher than that of H9 under K deficiency. Most of limitation under K deficiency was dominated by MCL for Z11, yet it was equally controlled by MCL and SL for H9. Nevertheless, with increasing K supply, SL became the primary limitation for both cultivars. Z11 needed a 12.0% higher leaf K concentration to avoid A decline, and higher K-based thresholds for each limitation. Overall, cultivars higher in KUtE have improved inherent leaf photosynthesis and area, and present lower K-based thresholds for SL, MCL and BL.

Quantitative analysis of the growth, development and distribution of flowers and pods in oil seed rape (Brassica napus L.)

1975 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Tayo ◽  
D. G. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Flower Opening ◽  
Oil Seed ◽  
Oil Seed Rape ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Growth Development

SUMMARYThe growth and development of single plants of oil seed rape, variety Zollerngold, are described quantitatively and particular attention paid to the sequence and pattern of flower and pod production on the different inflorescences. The period of flower opening over the whole plant spanned an average of 26 days and more than 75% of the pods which were retained to maturity were formed from flowers which opened within 14 days of anthesis. Most of these flowers were found on the terminal raceme and on the basal and middle regions of the axillary inflorescences arising from the uppermost three nodes.

Canola, narrow-leafed lupin and wheat differ in growth response to low–moderate sodium on a potassium-deficient sandy soil

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qifu Ma ◽  
Richard Bell
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
High K ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Salt Affected Soils ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
Low K

Although soil salinity and potassium (K) deficiency are widespread in agricultural lands, there is a paucity of knowledge about the interactive effects of sodium (Na) and K on the growth and yield of major grain crops. In pot experiments, we examined salt tolerance of canola (Brassica napus L.), narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and crop K requirement under Na supply ranging from low to high. Plant growth and seed yield of all three crops were lower at 40 mg K/kg than at 100 mg K/kg soil. Although 100 mg Na/kg (4 dS/m in soil solution) had little effect on canola cv. Boomer and wheat cv. Wyalkatchem, the salt-treated narrow-leafed lupin cv. Mandelup died at 47 days after sowing, regardless of amount of soil K. In low-K soils, canola with 100 mg Na/kg and wheat with 50 mg Na/kg did not show K-deficiency symptoms and produced greater seed yield than plants with nil Na addition. At 100 mg K/kg, Na-induced reduction in growth and yield occurred only to plants with 200 mg Na/kg. However, at 160 mg K/kg, 200 mg Na/kg did not have an adverse effect. In canola and wheat, shoot K concentration increased and shoot Na concentration decreased with increasing amount of soil K; however, high soil K did not reduce shoot Na concentration in narrow-leafed lupin. The study showed that narrow-leafed lupin was very susceptible to salinity, whereas canola and wheat plants were relatively salt-tolerant. The stimulation of growth and yield in canola and wheat by low–moderate Na in low-K soils suggests partial K substitution by Na, and that adaptation of canola and wheat to salt-affected soils can be enhanced by high K supply.

Comparing the potassium requirements of canola and wheat

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 359 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Brennan ◽  
M. D. A. Bolland
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Critical Concentration ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Wheat Roots ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
Yield Responses

Most sandy soils used for cropping in south-western Australia are now deficient in potassium (K) due to removal of K from soil in hay and grain, and profitable grain yield responses to applied fertiliser K are commonly obtained for spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and canola (oilseed rape, Brassica napus L.). However, there are only limited data comparing the K requirements of these 2 species in the region. In a glasshouse experiment we compared the K requirements of wheat (cv. Westonia), conventional canola cv. Outback (cultivars of canola not produced by classical breeding techniques to be tolerant of specific herbicides), triazine-tolerant (TT) canola cvv. Pinnacle and Surpass 501, and imidazolinone-tolerant (IT) canola cv. Surpass 603. The following measures were used: yield of 54-day-old dried shoots and seed (grain) without added K, applied K required to produce 90% of the maximum yield of shoots and grain, K required to attain a K concentration in shoots of 30 g/kg, and K required to achieve a K content in shoots (K concentration multiplied by yield) of 40 mg/pot. We also determined for each species and cultivar the concentration of K in dried shoots that was related to 90% of the maximum grain yield, to estimate critical concentration in shoots below which K deficiency was likely to reduce grain production. All 4 canola cultivars produced similar results. Both canola and wheat produced negligible shoot yields and no grain when no K was applied. For each species and cultivar the amount of applied K required to produce 90% of the maximum yield was similar for shoots and grain, and was ~121 mg K/pot for the 4 canola cultivars and 102 mg K/pot for wheat, so ~19% more K was required for canola than for wheat. For each amount of K applied, the concentration of K in shoots was greater for canola than for wheat. The amount of applied K required to attain a K concentration of 30 g K/kg in shoots was ~96 mg K/pot for canola and 142 mg K/pot for wheat, so ~48% more K was required by wheat than by canola. The amount of K applied required to achieve a K content of 40 mg K/pot in shoots was ~46 mg K/pot for canola and 53 mg K/pot for wheat, so ~13% more applied K was required by wheat than by canola. The data suggest that canola roots were better able to obtain K from soil than wheat roots, but wheat used the K taken up more effectively than canola to produce shoots and grain. The concentration of K in dried shoots of 54-day-old plants that was related to 90% of the maximum dried shoot yield or grain was ~32 g/kg for canola and ~23 g/kg for wheat.

Quantitative analysis of lipids and protein from the pollen of Brassica napus L.

Plant Science ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.E. Evans ◽  
P.E. Taylor ◽  
M.B. Singh ◽  
R.B. Knox
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Brassica Napus L

scholarly journals Effects of Phosphorus Supply on the Leaf Photosynthesis, and Biomass and Phosphorus Accumulation and Partitioning of Canola (Brassica napus L.) in Saline Environment

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1918
Author(s):  
Long Wang ◽  
Jingdong Zheng ◽  
Jingjing You ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Chen Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Leaf Photosynthesis ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Saline Environment ◽  
P Supply

Salt stress is a major negative factor affecting the sustainable development of agriculture. Phosphorus (P) deficiency often occurs in saline soil, and their interaction inhibits plant growth and seed yield for canola (Brassica napus L.). P supply is considered an effective way to alleviate the damage of salt stress. However, the knowledge of how P supply can promote plant growth in saline environment was limited. A field experiment was conducted to explore the effects of P rate on accumulation, and partitioning, of biomass and P, leaf photosynthesis traits, and yield performance in saline soil in the coastal area of Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, China, during the 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 growing seasons. P supply increased biomass and P accumulation in all organs, and root had the most increments among different organs. At flowering stage, P supply increased the biomass and P partitioning in root and leaf, but it decreased the partitioning in stem. At maturity stage, P supply facilitated the biomass and P partitioning in seed, but it decreased the partitioning in stem and shell, and it increased the reproductive-vegetative ratio, suggesting that P supply can improve the nutrients transporting from vegetative organs to reproductive organs. Besides, P supply improved the leaf area index and photosynthetic rate at the flowering stage. As a result, the seed yield and oil yield were increased. In conclusion, P supply can improve the canola plant growth and seed yield in a saline environment. P fertilizer at the rate of 120 kg P2O5 ha−1 was recommended in this saline soil.

The efficiency of boron utilisation in canola

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. R. Stangoulis ◽  
Patrick H. Brown ◽  
Nacer Bellaloui ◽  
Robert J. Reid ◽  
Robin D. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
The Other ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
The Impact ◽  
B Efficiency

Boron (B) deficiency is a common abiotic stress in many countries and is known to reduce canola yields. Growing B-efficient canola cultivars on deficient soils can reduce the impact of this deficiency, but to date little is known of the mechanisms associated with the efficiency trait. This work investigated the factors underlying the observed genotypic variation in the ability of different cultivars of canola (Brassica napus L.) to grow under low B supply. Previous studies have identified the cultivars Huashuang-2 and Dunkeld as B-efficient and the cultivar Barossa as B-inefficient. It was found that in Huashuang-2, efficiency was not related to uptake of B to the shoots, possibly indicating efficiency in B utilisation. A correlation was established between B efficiency and the ratio of the B concentration in the younger relative to the older leaves. Comparison of the distribution of B in young and old leaves under deficient and adequate B conditions showed that when B was limited, the concentration of B in the older leaves decreased with plant age, whereas when sufficient B was supplied, the concentration in these leaves continued to increase with age. The loss of B from mature leaves under deficient conditions suggested retranslocation to other tissues. Experiments in which boric acid enriched with 10 B was applied to mature leaves showed that in only one of the efficient cultivars, Huashuang-2, was B retranslocated to younger leaves. In the other two cultivars, the sink for the 10 B exported from the older leaves was not identified. It was concluded that there exist multiple mechanisms for B efficiency in canola.

Does genotypic variation in nitrogen remobilisation efficiency contribute to nitrogen efficiency of winter oilseed-rape cultivars (Brassica napus L.)?

2013 ◽  
Vol 371 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 463-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Ulas ◽  
Torsten Behrens ◽  
Franz Wiesler ◽  
Walter J. Horst ◽  
Gunda Schulte auf’m Erley
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Nitrogen Remobilisation

Lupin takes up less potassium but uses the potassium more effectively toproduce shoots than canola and wheat

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 309 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Brennan ◽  
M. D. A. Bolland
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Critical Concentration ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Yellow Lupin ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
K Response

We compared the potassium (K) response of canola (Brassica napus L. cv. Karoo), spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Camm), narrow-leaf lupin (8 cultivars of Lupinus angustifolius L.), and yellow lupin (2 cultivars of L. luteus L.) in a glasshouse experiment. The following measures were used: yield without added K; K required for 75% of the maximum yield; K required to achieve a K concentration in shoots of 20 g/kg; K required to achieve a K content of 50 mg K/pot in dried shoots (K concentration multiplied by yield); and, for the L. angustifolius cultivars, the K efficiency ratio (yield for the nil-K treatment divided by yield for the largest amount of K applied).Both L. angustifolius and L. luteus used soil K and applied K more effectively than canola and wheat to produce shoots (measured from dried shoots of 42-day old seedlings). For all amounts of K applied, including the nil treatment, the K concentrations were higher in canola and wheat shoots than in shoots of the 2 lupin species. Consequently, the 2 lupin species were less effective than canola and wheat at taking up soil and applied K, but were more effective at using the K taken up to produce shoots. The most recent cultivar of L. angustifolius, cv. Kalya, was less effective than the older Merrit cultivar at using soil and applied K to produce shoots, therefore future cultivars need to be screened for their ability to use soil and applied K. The K efficiency ratio for L. angustifolius indicated cultivars Kalya and 2141 were inefficient and the following cultivars had similar medium efficiency values: Myallie, Tanjil, Tallerack, Quilinock, Belara and Merrit. As measured in 42 day old seedlings, the diagnostic critical concentration of K in shoots required for 90% maximum yield of dried shoots was about (g K/kg) 40 for wheat, 37�for canola, 16 for L. angustifolius and 14 for L. luteus.

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