Extensive species diversification and marked geographic phylogenetic structure in the Mesoamerican genus Stenopelmatus (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae: Stenopelmatinae) revealed by mitochondrial and nuclear 3RAD data

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Gutiérrez-Rodríguez ◽  
Alejandro Zaldívar-Riverón ◽  
David B. Weissman ◽  
Amy G. Vandergast
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Molecular Clock ◽  
The United States ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Phylogenetic Structure ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
Geological Processes ◽  
Biogeographic History ◽  
Species Groups

The Jerusalem cricket subfamily Stenopelmatinae is distributed from south-western Canada through the western half of the United States to as far south as Ecuador. Recently, the generic classification of this subfamily was updated to contain two genera, the western North American Ammopelmatus, and the Mexican, and central and northern South American Stenopelmatus. The taxonomy of the latter genus was also revised, with 5, 13 and 14 species being respectively validated, declared as nomen dubium and described as new. Despite this effort, the systematics of Stenopelmatus is still far from complete. Here, we generated sequences of the mitochondrial DNA barcoding locus and performed two distinct DNA sequence-based approaches to assess the species’ limits among several populations of Stenopelmatus, with emphasis on populations from central and south-east Mexico. We reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships among representative species of the main clades within the genus using nuclear 3RAD data and carried out a molecular clock analysis to investigate its biogeographic history. The two DNA sequence-based approaches consistently recovered 34 putative species, several of which are apparently undescribed. Our estimates of phylogeny confirmed the recent generic update of Stenopelmatinae and revealed a marked phylogeographic structure within Stenopelmatus. Based on our results, we propose the existence of four species-groups within the genus (the faulkneri, talpa, Central America and piceiventris species-groups). The geographic distribution of these species-groups and our molecular clock estimates are congruent with the geological processes that took place in mountain ranges along central and southern Mexico, particularly since the Neogene. Our study emphasises the necessity to continue performing more taxonomic and phylogenetic studies on Stenopelmatus to clarify its actual species richness and evolutionary history in Mesoamerica.

A NEW SPECIES OF THE PERILISSUS ANATINUS SPECIES GROUP AND NOTES ON THE RELATIONSHIPS OF THE SPECIES GROUPS OF PERILISSUS (HYMENOPTERA, ICHNEUMONIDAE, CTENOPELMATINAE)

1994 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Barron
Keyword(s):  
Species Group ◽  
Included Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
A New Species

AbstractIndividuals of Perilissus nudus sp.nov. of the Perilissus anatinus species group are described. This species, which occurs in the mountain ranges of southern Mexico and Costa Rica, is compared with the closely related species P. anatinus Barron. Locality data on additional specimens of P. anatinus, found in mountain ranges in Mexico, are included. Study of characteristics of P. nudus in relation to P. anatinus clarifies further the relationship of this species group with the other species groups of Perilissus.

scholarly journals Retracted: Pierced Salt Domes in the Persian Gulf and in the Zagros Mountain Ranges in Southern Iran and their Relationship to Hydrocarbon and Basement Tectonics

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 116-133
Author(s):  
Hamid Reza Samadi
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Zagros Mountain ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
Salt Domes ◽  
Southern Iran ◽  
Geological Processes ◽  
Basement Faults ◽  
The Persian Gulf

The most enigmatic problems with the nearly 200 salt domes pierced in the Persian Gulf and in the Zagros Mountain Ranges (ZMR) in southern Iran, a unique morphology in the world, have been the matter of this study, which is based on a combination of field work, enhancement of satellite and aerial photographs etc. In the ZMR, structural anomalies are frequently associated with similar facies distribution patterns. In the eastern portion of the region, emergent salt plugs of Infra-Cambrian age exhibit the same alignment patterns. Such trends bear no apparent genetic relationship to the Tertiary folding responsible for the present Zagros fold belt, but rather indicate their affinity with linear basement features which are readily observable on Land sat imagery and aerial photographs. Bending of anticlines in the competent cover rock, combined with minor strike-slip faults and horizontal displacements of parts of folded structures, strongly point to the presence of these basement faults. The salt plugs, which have pierced cover rocks of up to 10000 m thick, are distributed on the Arabian Platform along regional basement faults. The area of diapir outcrops is bounded by the Oman Line to the east and by the Kazerun fault to the west. Pieces of the basement have been brought up to the surface on some of the salt domes. The fragments were transported by rotational ascent of the Hormuz Salt Formation to the present and former land surfaces. The recognition of features related to basement tectonics and realization of their implication in the control and modification of geological processes are important adjuncts to the search for hydrocarbon accumulations in this region. To our best knowledge, data of basement faults in the study area are scarce. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine basement faults and their relation to salt dome distribution. Considering the fold axes bending, the trend of the salt plugs and also the distribution of epicenters of the last century, n umerous new basement faults are introduced in this paper.

scholarly journals An overview of the mammals of the Gila region, New Mexico

Therya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-236
Author(s):  
Amanda K. Jones ◽  
Schuyler W. Liphardt ◽  
Jonathan L. Dunnum
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Great Basin ◽  
The United States ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Sky Islands ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Landscape Complexity ◽  
Biogeographic History ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
History Of

A study of the mammals of the Gila region of New Mexico was conducted from 2012 through 2020, with 2,919 voucher specimens collected through fieldwork and collaborations with commercial trappers, in addition to data from camera traps, review of major holdings at 46 museums (n = 12,505 georeferenced specimens), and literature review.  Specimens cover a 170-year span, dating back to 1850 and were unevenly distributed spatially and temporally across the Gila region.  Most areas were very poorly represented and when summed across all mammal species, ranged from 0.02 to 3.7 specimens per km2.  The survey documented 108 species (104 now extant) for the region.  High species richness, greater than that reported for 38 states in the United States, is likely due to the juxtaposition of multiple biomes in the Gila, including the Sonoran, Chihuahuan, and Great Basin deserts, the Rocky Mountains and Sierra Madre Occidental, and nearby “sky islands’’ of the Southwest.  Two species, Leptonycteris yerbabuenae and Zapus luteus, are documented for the first time from the study area.  Expansions of the known range of these species, and Sciurus arizonensis are described from specimen and camera data.  Preliminary phylogeographic studies of four species (Notiosorex crawfordi, Neotoma albigula, Perognathus flavus, and Thomomys bottae) using the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene reveal the dynamic biogeographic history of the region and reinforce how landscape complexity and climate change have jointly contributed to diversification and thus high mammalian diversity in the region.

scholarly journals Integrating Spatiotemporal Epidemiology, Eco-Phylogenetics, and Distributional Ecology to Assess West Nile Disease Risk in Horses

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1811
Author(s):  
John M. Humphreys ◽  
Angela M. Pelzel-McCluskey ◽  
Lee W. Cohnstaedt ◽  
Bethany L. McGregor ◽  
Kathryn A. Hanley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
The United States ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Avian Host ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Phylogenetic Structure ◽  
Vaccination Programs

Mosquito-borne West Nile virus (WNV) is the causative agent of West Nile disease in humans, horses, and some bird species. Since the initial introduction of WNV to the United States (US), approximately 30,000 horses have been impacted by West Nile neurologic disease and hundreds of additional horses are infected each year. Research describing the drivers of West Nile disease in horses is greatly needed to better anticipate the spatial and temporal extent of disease risk, improve disease surveillance, and alleviate future economic impacts to the equine industry and private horse owners. To help meet this need, we integrated techniques from spatiotemporal epidemiology, eco-phylogenetics, and distributional ecology to assess West Nile disease risk in horses throughout the contiguous US. Our integrated approach considered horse abundance and virus exposure, vector and host distributions, and a variety of extrinsic climatic, socio-economic, and environmental risk factors. Birds are WNV reservoir hosts, and therefore we quantified avian host community dynamics across the continental US to show intra-annual variability in host phylogenetic structure and demonstrate host phylodiversity as a mechanism for virus amplification in time and virus dilution in space. We identified drought as a potential amplifier of virus transmission and demonstrated the importance of accounting for spatial non-stationarity when quantifying interaction between disease risk and meteorological influences such as temperature and precipitation. Our results delineated the timing and location of several areas at high risk of West Nile disease and can be used to prioritize vaccination programs and optimize virus surveillance and monitoring.

A LATE CRETACEOUS PLANT ASSEMBLAGE FROM EAST-CENTRAL BRITISH COLUMBIA: I, FOSSIL LEAVES

1967 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1185-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spores And Pollen ◽  
East Central ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
Plant Assemblage ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Fossil Leaves ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Leaf compressions, spores, and pollen grains referrable to about 45 species were collected from a series of fine silts and coal stringers in the Parsnip River valley of the Rocky Mountain Trench. The leaf assemblage described in this paper indicates a late Maestrichtian to Danian age, somewhat younger than generally comparable assemblages previously reported from the lower part of the Edmonton Formation of Alberta, and from the Hell Creek, Lance, and Fox Hills Formations in the western interior of the United States. It also contains several species reported from the Nanaimo Group on eastern Vancouver Island. Plant microfossils (to be described in a later paper) include species of Glyptostrobus, Sciadopitys, Aquilapollenites, Pistillipollenites, Alnus, Myrica, Tilia, Pterocarya, and Carya, together with tricolpate pollen of uncertain affiliation. The combined leaf and microfossil assemblages indicate a warm mesothermal and humid paleoecological setting of low relief, suggesting absence of major mountain ranges westward to the Pacific Ocean.

Analyzing the occurrence of environmental indicator minerals using clustering techniques and mineral networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Williams ◽  
Sally Potter-McIntyre ◽  
Justin Filiberto ◽  
Shaunna Morrison ◽  
Daniel Hummer
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hydrothermal Systems ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Environmental Indicator ◽  
Clustering Techniques ◽  
Geological Processes ◽  
Indicator Mineral ◽  
Indicator Minerals

<p>Indicator minerals have special physical and chemical properties that can be analyzed to glean information concerning the composition of host rocks and formational (or altering) fluids. Clay, zeolite, and tourmaline mineral groups are all ubiquitous at the Earth’s surface and shallow crust and distributed through a wide variety of sedimentary, igneous, metamorphic, and hydrothermal systems. Traditional studies of indicator mineral-bearing deposits have provided a wealth of data that could be integral to discovering new insights into the formation and evolution of naturally occurring systems. This study evaluates the relationships that exist between different environmental indicator mineral groups through the implementation of machine learning algorithms and network diagrams. Mineral occurrence data for thousands of localities hosting clay, zeolite, and tourmaline minerals were retrieved from mineral databases. Clustering techniques (e.g., agglomerative hierarchical clustering and density based spatial clustering of applications with noise) combined with network analyses were used to analyze the compiled dataset in an effort to characterize and identify geological processes operating at different localities across the United States. Ultimately, this study evaluates the ability of machine learning algorithms to act as supplementary diagnostic and interpretive tools in geoscientific studies.</p>

Phylogeny, taxonomy, and zoogeography of the genus Gekko Laurenti, 1768 with the revalidation of G. reevesii Gray, 1831 (Sauria: Gekkonidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2989 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
HERBERT RÖSLER ◽  
AARON M. BAUER ◽  
MATTHEW P. HEINICKE ◽  
ELI GREENBAUM ◽  
TODD JACKMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetics ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Preliminary Identification ◽  
Specific Rank ◽  
Species Groups

A review of the taxonomy, phylogeny, and zoogeography of all currently recognized Gekko species is provided based on morphology (including size, scalation, color, and pattern) and mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequence data. We distinguish six morphological (phenotypic) species groups within the gekkonid genus Gekko: the G. gecko, G. japonicus, G. monarchus, G. petricolus, G. porosus, and G. vittatus groups, all of which receive support from molecular phylogenetics. The taxon G. reevesii, formerly evaluated as a synonym of G. gekko, is revalidated herein at specific rank. Furthermore, a preliminary identification key of all currently recognized Gekko taxa is provided.

New productide brachiopods (Productoidea) from the Carboniferous of Ixtaltepec Formation, Oaxaca, Mexico

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-432
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Torres-Martínez ◽  
Francisco Sour-Tovar
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Stratigraphic Range

AbstractFrom the Santiago Ixtaltepec area, in Oaxaca State, southern Mexico, 11 species of productoid brachiopods, including a new genus and five new species, are described.Semicostellasp.,Antiquatoniasp.,Keokukia? sp.,Inflatia inflata,Reticulatiacf.R.huecoensis,Buxtonia websteri,Weberproductus donajiaen. gen. n. sp.,Dictyoclostus transversumn. sp.,Inflatia coodzavuiin. sp.,Buxtonia inexpletucostan. sp., andFlexaria magnan. sp. were collected from eight stratigraphic levels of the Ixtaltepec Formation. The presence ofSemicostellasp.,Keokukia? sp. andInflatia inflatain the basal strata, Units 1 to 3, of the formation indicate a Viséan-Serpukhovian (Late Mississippian) age.Reticulatiacf.R.huecoensisandBuxtonia websteri, found in Units 6 to 8, confirm the Pennsylvanian age for upper strata of the Ixtaltepec Formation.InflatiaandFlexariaare present in the uppermost beds of the formation so it is possible to extend their upper stratigraphic range to the Middle Pennsylvanian. All these taxa also occur in the United States Midcontinent, suggesting that during the Carboniferous the epicontinental sea extended at least to central Mexico.

A revision of species of the genus Haematoloechus Looss, 1899 (Trematoda: Haematoloechidae) from Canada and the United States

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 1836-1846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray J. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Geographical Variation ◽  
Rana Catesbeiana ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Narrow Host Range ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Degree Of Maturity

Previous experimental and field studies have shown that variations within the genus Haematoloechus may result from differences in age and degree of maturity, extent of crowding, species of host, and other factors.Based on these observations, only 6 of the 15 previously known species from Canada and the United States are considered valid. The valid species and their synonyms are as follows: Haematoloechus longiplexus Stafford, 1902; H. breviplexus Stafford, 1902; H. varioplexus Stafford, 1902 (= H. parviplexus, = H. buttensis, = H. similiplexus, = H. floedae, and H. uniplexus); H. kernensis Ingles, 1932 (= H. tumidus); H. medioplexus Stafford, 1902; and H. complexus (Seely, 1906) (= H. coloradensis, = H. confusus, = H. oxyorchis).The existence of three species groups is hypothesized. Haematoloechus longiplexus and H. breviplexus constitute one group, characterized by little geographical variation and a narrow host range. They are typically parasites of Rana catesbeiana and R. clamitans. Haematoloechus varioplexus and H. kernensis constitute the second group. These species have a wider host range and greater variation in characters purported to be specific differences. The third group includes those lung flukes which do not contain extracaecal loops (H. medioplexus and H. complexus). Of these, only H. medioplexus had little geographical variation and was found to occur in a single frog host.

scholarly journals Deep data science to prevent and treat growth faltering in Maya children

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
M I Varela-Silva ◽  
◽  
B Bogin ◽  
J A G Sobral ◽  
F Dickinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Science ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Cultural Variables ◽  
Growth Faltering ◽  
Maya People ◽  
Height For Age

Abstract The Maya people are descended from the indigenous inhabitants of southern Mexico, Guatemala and adjacent regions of Central America. In Guatemala, 50% of infants and children are stunted (very low height-for-age), and some rural Maya regions have >70% children stunted. A large, longitudinal, intergenerational database was created to (1) provide deep data to prevent and treat somatic growth faltering and impaired neurocognitive development, (2) detect key dependencies and predictive relations between highly complex, time-varying, and interacting biological and cultural variables and (3) identify targeted multifactorial intervention strategies for field testing and validation. Contributions to this database included data from the Universidad del Valle de Guatemala Longitudinal Study of Child and Adolescent Development, child growth and intergenerational studies among the Maya in Mexico and studies about Maya migrants in the United States.

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