Multiple sources of nutrients add to the complexities of predicting marine benthic community responses to enrichment

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allyson L. O'Brien ◽  
Liz Morris ◽  
Michael J. Keough
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Enrichment ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Intertidal Mudflat ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Coastal Environments ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Porewater Nutrients ◽  
Deposit Feeding

Understanding biological responses to nutrient enrichment under different environmental conditions is integral for the effective management of eutrophication in coastal environments. However, current conceptual models of nutrient enrichment are limited as they are based on studies that only consider a single source of nutrients, when in reality it is more likely that enrichment is a result of multiple sources. Here, we test the hypothesis that biological responses to nutrient enrichment in intertidal mudflat assemblages depend on the source by comparing enrichment from a controlled release fertilizer with that from decomposing macroalgae. Sediment at two sites in Port Phillip Bay, Victoria, were dosed with the different nutrient sources and monitored through time. After six weeks, the macroalgae-enriched plots had significantly higher abundances and biomass of some taxa of deposit-feeding polychaetes. In the fertilizer-enriched plots, the porewater nutrients increased but there was no detectable change in abundances or biomass of infauna, suggesting that the nutrients did not assimilate into the foodweb. The rate of assimilation of anthropogenic nutrients potentially occurs over longer time scales compared with the rapid assimilation and biological responses to decomposing macroalgae. Responses to the different nutrient sources provide new insights into the complexity of nutrient enrichment models that are applied to the management of aquatic ecosystems worldwide.

Towards Dynamic Biological Oceanography and Limnology

1984 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Legendre ◽  
S. Demers
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Temporal Scales ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Biological Oceanography ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Hydrodynamic Processes ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The One

A new approach that couples the study of biological and hydrodynamic processes has progressively emerged in the biological oceanographic and limnological literature. A review of a large number of papers on phytoplankton, zooplankton, and fish larvae published in the last decade brings out the major characteristics of a new discipline, termed by the authors "dynamic biological oceanography" or "dynamic biological limnology." These studies recognize hydrodynamics as the driving force of aquatic ecosystems, so that the various physical, chemical, and biological factors of the environment are considered as the proximal agents through which hydrodynamic variability is transmitted to living organisms. A central idea to dynamic biological oceanography and limnology is that different hydrodynamic processes and different biological responses occur on different spatial and temporal scales. This leads to a discussion of spatial and temporal scales on both the horizontal and vertical axes and of the relationships between the physical and biological scales, on the one hand, and the sampling scale, on the other. Anticipated forthcoming developments concern the eventual merging of horizontal and vertical studies in an integrated approach to aquatic ecosystems and the design of new sampling techniques and schemes to probe the significant scales of variation in dynamic biological oceanography and limnology. Common lines of research are suggested for the coming years.

scholarly journals User Satisfaction and Crowding at Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 3423
Author(s):  
Melissa Hurtado ◽  
Robert C. Burns ◽  
Ross G. Andrew ◽  
Danielle Schwarzmann ◽  
Jasmine Cardozo Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Scuba Diving ◽  
Florida Keys ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Coastal Environments ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Recreational Use ◽  
Natural Resource Research ◽  
Resource Research

Effective management and monitoring of recreational use is fundamental in marine protected areas. The primary purpose of this study is to examine user’s satisfaction levels, crowding levels and the relationship between them at Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Online surveys were sent via Qualtrics to email addresses obtained from the state of Florida during the summer of 2020. The results showed that the respondents felt very satisfied and only slightly crowded while snorkeling or scuba diving during their most recent 2019 trip in the Florida Keys, although satisfaction was still negatively impacted by crowding. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that satisfaction levels were significantly lower in users who saw more people than they expected. A linear regression indicated significantly lower satisfaction with increasing age. Furthermore, a multiple regression showed that experiencing natural surroundings has a significant positive relationship in overall trip satisfaction, i.e., users that are more satisfied experiencing natural surroundings are also likely to be more satisfied with their overall trip satisfaction. This study suggests that the convergence of social and natural resource research and practices can help managers to create better policies that will maximize human benefits from, and minimize human pressures on, ocean and coastal environments.

scholarly journals Amphipods as biomonitors of marine coastal environments: a Chatham Island case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Chanelle Seabrook
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Amphipod Species ◽  
Coastal Environments ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Coastal Marine

<p>New Zealand’s coastal marine environment has high economic, social and cultural importance. In order to manage, preserve and safely enjoy coastal environments and their resources, a good understanding of their biochemistry is required. Biomonitors provide a mechanism for monitoring changes in an environment especially in measuring metals entering the food chain. Trace metals are non-biodegradable, have the ability to become highly toxic to biota at relatively low concentrations, and bio-magnify up the food chain. Amphipods, a diverse order of crustacea, are widespread, abundant, relatively sedentary and important at the base of the food web. Furthermore, amphipods bioaccumulate pollutants through multiple sources, including seawater, sediment and their diet, and may thus provide a comprehensive insight into the chemistry of an environment.  This study investigates the trace metal chemistry of amphipods and associated algae, seawater and sediment, from coastal marine sites around Chatham Island. Samples were obtained from 11 coastal localities with the sampling sites located near potential point pollutants and on distinct basement lithologies, as well as a site identified by Te Aitanga o Ngā Uri o Wharekauri as relatively pristine. Three algal-dwelling amphipods (Aora sp. 1, Apohyale sp. 1, Eusiroides sp. 1) and one sand hopper species (Bellorchestia chathamensis (Hurley, 1956)) were found to be the most abundant and ubiquitous species collected. Sites were prioritised based on the abundances of these amphipod species and samples were analysed for >35 trace elements. Spatial and interspecific variations were observed for all amphipod species investigated. Eusiroides sp. 1 was the most sensitive algal-dwelling amphipod species analysed and consistently had highest concentrations of trace metals at a given site. No size effect was found for most trace element concentrations in two amphipod species. All three algal-dwelling amphipod species and associated seawater samples from Hanson Point South had elevated concentrations for > 19 trace metals, including potentially ecotoxic trace metals such as Ti, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, and Fe. Arsenic was elevated in the algal-dwelling amphipod species at Owenga and Cd at Kaingaroa West and Cape Pattisson. Trace metal concentrations in the algal-dwelling amphipod specimens were broadly reflected in their associated seawater and/or algae. However there were variations in this, with the Hanson Point South amphipods more closely matching seawater than algae concentration patterns, and the algae at Owenga not showing As elevations noted in the amphipods. This suggests amphipods accumulate metals from a variety of sources, both directly from seawater and variably from algae. Sediments appeared to have little influence on the trace metals bioaccumulated in the amphipod specimens.   Results from this research demonstrate that species and size effects must be considered to rigorously use amphipods as biomonitors. Amphipods appear to provide a better insight to bio-available trace metal contamination compared to the other sample types analysed here. This thesis aids in the development and application of amphipods as biomonitors in New Zealand coastal waters and provides a baseline for sites located across Chatham Island for >30 trace elements. This baseline may be utilized by future studies to investigate temporal variations in trace metal concentrations on Chatham Island.</p>

scholarly journals Landscape structured by physical settings and benthic polychaete and avifauna habitat uses in a mangrove-vegetated estuary

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang-Shu Shih ◽  
Tzung-Su Ding ◽  
Chang-Po Chen ◽  
Shou-Chung Huang ◽  
Hwey-Lian Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Habitat Diversity ◽  
Tidal Flats ◽  
Suspension Feeding ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Mangrove Expansion ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Deposit Feeding

AbstractMangrove expansion monopolizes estuarine landscapes by diminishing habitat diversity and hence biodiversity. Physical landcover types, including mangrove vegetation, influence polychaete and avifauna habitat uses. The connections between the physical to biota-associated landscapes warrant investigation. We determine how to best describe the landscape in a mangrove-vegetated wetland according to the physical, polychaete and bird domains and identify what physical attributes would affect the biota-associated landscapes. Differences among the physical and biota-associated landscapes were evaluated using multivariate ordination analyses. Six physical landcover types were aligned along elevation, inundation and sedimentary gradients. The polychaete-associated landscape was structured by three landcover types, mainly mangroves and tidal flats with intermediate and high inundation. Deposit-feeding spionid and nereid, carnivorous goniadid and suspension-feeding sabellid polychaetes depended on the different landcover types. Shorebirds occurred distinctively in tidal flats with large, open surface areas. Egrets characterized tidal flats and mangroves, and foliage and ground gleaners characterized mangroves. Open tidal flats are crucial to polychaetes, which are the main prey of shorebirds and are also important to egret foraging. Our results suggest that effective management strategies for conserving these migratory birds require the maintenance of open tidal flats in the landscape.

scholarly journals Environmental stressors, complex interactions and marine benthic communities’ responses

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Carrier-Belleau ◽  
David Drolet ◽  
Christopher W. McKindsey ◽  
Philippe Archambault
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Enrichment ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Salinity Variation ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Negative Impacts

AbstractThe increasing number and diversity of anthropogenic stressors in marine habitats have multiple negative impacts on biological systems, biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Methods to assess cumulative effects include experimental manipulations, which may identify non-linear responses (i.e. synergies, antagonisms). However, experiments designed to test these ideas are uncommon, generally focusing on single biological responses. We conducted a manipulative experiment to investigate the isolated and combined effects of warming (+ 6 °C), salinity variation (freshwater pulses or presses), and nutrient enrichment (natural or enriched) following one and three month’s exposure, on responses measured at multiple levels of biological complexity in a simple bivalve assemblage. More specifically, we determined effects on bivalve mortality, growth, shell mineralization, and energy content, as well as microphytobenthos biomass. Salinity variation and nutrient enrichment, individually and combined, caused strong impacts on some of the measured variables and their effect varied through time. In contrast, warming had no effect. Our work highlights the prevalence of antagonistic interactions, the importance of examining effects of single and multiple stressors through time, and of considering multiple responses to understand the complexity behind stressor interactions.

scholarly journals Amphipods as biomonitors of marine coastal environments: a Chatham Island case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Chanelle Seabrook
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Amphipod Species ◽  
Coastal Environments ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Coastal Marine

<p>New Zealand’s coastal marine environment has high economic, social and cultural importance. In order to manage, preserve and safely enjoy coastal environments and their resources, a good understanding of their biochemistry is required. Biomonitors provide a mechanism for monitoring changes in an environment especially in measuring metals entering the food chain. Trace metals are non-biodegradable, have the ability to become highly toxic to biota at relatively low concentrations, and bio-magnify up the food chain. Amphipods, a diverse order of crustacea, are widespread, abundant, relatively sedentary and important at the base of the food web. Furthermore, amphipods bioaccumulate pollutants through multiple sources, including seawater, sediment and their diet, and may thus provide a comprehensive insight into the chemistry of an environment.  This study investigates the trace metal chemistry of amphipods and associated algae, seawater and sediment, from coastal marine sites around Chatham Island. Samples were obtained from 11 coastal localities with the sampling sites located near potential point pollutants and on distinct basement lithologies, as well as a site identified by Te Aitanga o Ngā Uri o Wharekauri as relatively pristine. Three algal-dwelling amphipods (Aora sp. 1, Apohyale sp. 1, Eusiroides sp. 1) and one sand hopper species (Bellorchestia chathamensis (Hurley, 1956)) were found to be the most abundant and ubiquitous species collected. Sites were prioritised based on the abundances of these amphipod species and samples were analysed for >35 trace elements. Spatial and interspecific variations were observed for all amphipod species investigated. Eusiroides sp. 1 was the most sensitive algal-dwelling amphipod species analysed and consistently had highest concentrations of trace metals at a given site. No size effect was found for most trace element concentrations in two amphipod species. All three algal-dwelling amphipod species and associated seawater samples from Hanson Point South had elevated concentrations for > 19 trace metals, including potentially ecotoxic trace metals such as Ti, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, and Fe. Arsenic was elevated in the algal-dwelling amphipod species at Owenga and Cd at Kaingaroa West and Cape Pattisson. Trace metal concentrations in the algal-dwelling amphipod specimens were broadly reflected in their associated seawater and/or algae. However there were variations in this, with the Hanson Point South amphipods more closely matching seawater than algae concentration patterns, and the algae at Owenga not showing As elevations noted in the amphipods. This suggests amphipods accumulate metals from a variety of sources, both directly from seawater and variably from algae. Sediments appeared to have little influence on the trace metals bioaccumulated in the amphipod specimens.   Results from this research demonstrate that species and size effects must be considered to rigorously use amphipods as biomonitors. Amphipods appear to provide a better insight to bio-available trace metal contamination compared to the other sample types analysed here. This thesis aids in the development and application of amphipods as biomonitors in New Zealand coastal waters and provides a baseline for sites located across Chatham Island for >30 trace elements. This baseline may be utilized by future studies to investigate temporal variations in trace metal concentrations on Chatham Island.</p>

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT STRATEGY OF WATER HYACINTH (EICHORNIACRASSIPES) INJATILUHUR RESERVOIR, WEST JAVA

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Ezra Fajar Dewantara ◽  
Yanuar Jarwadi Purwanto ◽  
Yudi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Nutrient Enrichment ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
First Time ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Quality Status

Indonesia has quite extensive multi-purpose reservoir waters, one of which was built for the first time is the Ir. H. Djuanda reservoir or better known as Jatiluhur reservoir. The activities carried out in the Jatiluhur reservoir are varied, such as fisheries, transportation,water sources as well as power generation as secondary functions of the reservoir. If managed properly, the reservoir will give a real contribution to the economy and welfare of the community without disrupting the sustainability of the ecosystems and its functions. In Indonesia, problems that often occur in all aquatic ecosystems are eutrophication (nutrient enrichment), sedimentation, and pollution. Water hyacinth (Eichorniacrassipes) is a type of aquatic plant that is generally considered as a weed. The study aims to formulate a water hyacinth management strategyusing the SWOT method with ten respondents.The selection of respondents using purposive sampling method.The results showed that all stakeholders, government, and communities must work together in utilizing and managing reservoirs and watersheds that enter the reservoir waters so that the quality status of reservoir becomes better and the growth of water hyacinth does not increase rapidly. Water hyacinth can also be used as fertilizer or crafts and not just a weed.

Spatial Analysis of Coastal Environments

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Hamylton
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Coastal Environments

Vocabulary of aquatic ecosystems

1991 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 76-77
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystems
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