scholarly journals Amphipods as biomonitors of marine coastal environments: a Chatham Island case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Chanelle Seabrook
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Amphipod Species ◽  
Coastal Environments ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Coastal Marine

<p>New Zealand’s coastal marine environment has high economic, social and cultural importance. In order to manage, preserve and safely enjoy coastal environments and their resources, a good understanding of their biochemistry is required. Biomonitors provide a mechanism for monitoring changes in an environment especially in measuring metals entering the food chain. Trace metals are non-biodegradable, have the ability to become highly toxic to biota at relatively low concentrations, and bio-magnify up the food chain. Amphipods, a diverse order of crustacea, are widespread, abundant, relatively sedentary and important at the base of the food web. Furthermore, amphipods bioaccumulate pollutants through multiple sources, including seawater, sediment and their diet, and may thus provide a comprehensive insight into the chemistry of an environment.  This study investigates the trace metal chemistry of amphipods and associated algae, seawater and sediment, from coastal marine sites around Chatham Island. Samples were obtained from 11 coastal localities with the sampling sites located near potential point pollutants and on distinct basement lithologies, as well as a site identified by Te Aitanga o Ngā Uri o Wharekauri as relatively pristine. Three algal-dwelling amphipods (Aora sp. 1, Apohyale sp. 1, Eusiroides sp. 1) and one sand hopper species (Bellorchestia chathamensis (Hurley, 1956)) were found to be the most abundant and ubiquitous species collected. Sites were prioritised based on the abundances of these amphipod species and samples were analysed for >35 trace elements. Spatial and interspecific variations were observed for all amphipod species investigated. Eusiroides sp. 1 was the most sensitive algal-dwelling amphipod species analysed and consistently had highest concentrations of trace metals at a given site. No size effect was found for most trace element concentrations in two amphipod species. All three algal-dwelling amphipod species and associated seawater samples from Hanson Point South had elevated concentrations for > 19 trace metals, including potentially ecotoxic trace metals such as Ti, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, and Fe. Arsenic was elevated in the algal-dwelling amphipod species at Owenga and Cd at Kaingaroa West and Cape Pattisson. Trace metal concentrations in the algal-dwelling amphipod specimens were broadly reflected in their associated seawater and/or algae. However there were variations in this, with the Hanson Point South amphipods more closely matching seawater than algae concentration patterns, and the algae at Owenga not showing As elevations noted in the amphipods. This suggests amphipods accumulate metals from a variety of sources, both directly from seawater and variably from algae. Sediments appeared to have little influence on the trace metals bioaccumulated in the amphipod specimens.   Results from this research demonstrate that species and size effects must be considered to rigorously use amphipods as biomonitors. Amphipods appear to provide a better insight to bio-available trace metal contamination compared to the other sample types analysed here. This thesis aids in the development and application of amphipods as biomonitors in New Zealand coastal waters and provides a baseline for sites located across Chatham Island for >30 trace elements. This baseline may be utilized by future studies to investigate temporal variations in trace metal concentrations on Chatham Island.</p>

scholarly journals Amphipods as biomonitors of marine coastal environments: a Chatham Island case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Chanelle Seabrook
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Amphipod Species ◽  
Coastal Environments ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Coastal Marine

<p>New Zealand’s coastal marine environment has high economic, social and cultural importance. In order to manage, preserve and safely enjoy coastal environments and their resources, a good understanding of their biochemistry is required. Biomonitors provide a mechanism for monitoring changes in an environment especially in measuring metals entering the food chain. Trace metals are non-biodegradable, have the ability to become highly toxic to biota at relatively low concentrations, and bio-magnify up the food chain. Amphipods, a diverse order of crustacea, are widespread, abundant, relatively sedentary and important at the base of the food web. Furthermore, amphipods bioaccumulate pollutants through multiple sources, including seawater, sediment and their diet, and may thus provide a comprehensive insight into the chemistry of an environment.  This study investigates the trace metal chemistry of amphipods and associated algae, seawater and sediment, from coastal marine sites around Chatham Island. Samples were obtained from 11 coastal localities with the sampling sites located near potential point pollutants and on distinct basement lithologies, as well as a site identified by Te Aitanga o Ngā Uri o Wharekauri as relatively pristine. Three algal-dwelling amphipods (Aora sp. 1, Apohyale sp. 1, Eusiroides sp. 1) and one sand hopper species (Bellorchestia chathamensis (Hurley, 1956)) were found to be the most abundant and ubiquitous species collected. Sites were prioritised based on the abundances of these amphipod species and samples were analysed for >35 trace elements. Spatial and interspecific variations were observed for all amphipod species investigated. Eusiroides sp. 1 was the most sensitive algal-dwelling amphipod species analysed and consistently had highest concentrations of trace metals at a given site. No size effect was found for most trace element concentrations in two amphipod species. All three algal-dwelling amphipod species and associated seawater samples from Hanson Point South had elevated concentrations for > 19 trace metals, including potentially ecotoxic trace metals such as Ti, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, and Fe. Arsenic was elevated in the algal-dwelling amphipod species at Owenga and Cd at Kaingaroa West and Cape Pattisson. Trace metal concentrations in the algal-dwelling amphipod specimens were broadly reflected in their associated seawater and/or algae. However there were variations in this, with the Hanson Point South amphipods more closely matching seawater than algae concentration patterns, and the algae at Owenga not showing As elevations noted in the amphipods. This suggests amphipods accumulate metals from a variety of sources, both directly from seawater and variably from algae. Sediments appeared to have little influence on the trace metals bioaccumulated in the amphipod specimens.   Results from this research demonstrate that species and size effects must be considered to rigorously use amphipods as biomonitors. Amphipods appear to provide a better insight to bio-available trace metal contamination compared to the other sample types analysed here. This thesis aids in the development and application of amphipods as biomonitors in New Zealand coastal waters and provides a baseline for sites located across Chatham Island for >30 trace elements. This baseline may be utilized by future studies to investigate temporal variations in trace metal concentrations on Chatham Island.</p>

scholarly journals Significance of building and plumbing specifics on trace metal concentrations in drinking water

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 893-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inderjit Singh ◽  
Donald S. Mavinic
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Building Height ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Family House

Samples were taken from 72 high-rise apartment suites (6 suites in 12 individual high-rise towers) and 60 single-family houses located within the Greater Vancouver Regional District. The influence of the following factors on trace metal concentrations in 1-L first-flush drinking water samples and “running” hot water samples was investigated: building height, location, plumbing age, type of plumbing, and type of building. Results of this survey show that with the exception of building height, all factors had a correlation with one or more of the trace metals investigated. The trace metals examined were lead, copper, iron, and zinc. Lead was influenced primarily by building type, copper by plumbing age and type of plumbing, and iron by location. Elevated lead levels were associated with high-rise samples. New copper plumbing systems resulted in high copper levels. Highest iron levels in the drinking water were measured in the East Vancouver location. Zinc did not show a distinct correlation with any of the factors investigated. Brass faucets were the primary source of zinc in tap water. They also contributed substantially to the lead detected in the 1-L first-flush sample. Metal concentrations measured in the high-rise and house samples were compared with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) and the proposed “no-action” level for lead. In high-rise samples, the 0.01 mg/L “no-action” level proposed for lead was exceeded in 43% of the samples, and 62% of the samples exceeded the current 1.0 mg/L MCL standard for copper. In single-family house samples, these values were 47% and 73%, respectively. The average lead concentrations were 0.020 mg/L for all high-rise samples and 0.013 mg/L for house samples. Regulatory levels stated above would still be exceeded in 6% of the cases for lead and 9% of the cases for copper, even after prolonged flushing of the tap in a high-rise building. In all cases associated with single-family houses, flushing the cold water tap for 5 minutes was successful in achieving compliance levels. Key words: aggressive water, compliance, corrosive, drinking water, first-flush, GVRD, high-rise, single-family house, trace metals, USEPA.

scholarly journals Effect of Cadmium, Copper and Lead on the Growth of Rice in the Coal Mining Region of Quang Ninh, Cam-Pha (Vietnam)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1758 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Marquez ◽  
Olivier Pourret ◽  
Michel-Pierre Faucon ◽  
Sebastian Weber ◽  
Thi Hoàng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Mine Waste ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Coal Extraction ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Rice Paddy Soils

The goal of this study was to quantify the mobility and partitioning of trace elements originating from mine waste rocks derived from open pit coal extraction activities. The results showed that native rice plants were adapted to growing in metal contaminated soils, posing a severe health risk to local population. Sequential extraction procedures and bulk soil chemical analyses both suggest enrichment of Cd, Pb and Cu in rice paddy soils. Lead was shown to be evenly partitioned among all mineral and organic phases. Copper was associated with carbonates and organic matter. Smaller fractions of Pb and Cu were also bound to Fe and Mn oxides. Only 25% of Cd, 9% of Pb and 48% of Cu were associated with the exchangeable fraction, considered mobile and thus bioavailable for plant uptake. Effects of Cd, Cu and Pb on local Cam Pha Nep cai Hoa vang, and control Asia Italian rice, showed marked differences in growth. The local Vietnamese variety grew close to control values, even upon exposure to higher trace metal concentrations. Whereas the development of the control rice species was significantly affected by increasing trace metal concentrations. This result suggests toxic trace elements accumulation in the edible parts of crops.

scholarly journals Atmospheric trace metals measured at a regional background site (Welgegund) in South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 4251-4263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Venter ◽  
Pieter G. van Zyl ◽  
Johan P. Beukes ◽  
Micky Josipovic ◽  
Johan Hendriks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Metal Species ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Igneous Complex ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
Bushveld Igneous Complex

Abstract. Atmospheric trace metals can cause a variety of health-related and environmental problems. Only a few studies on atmospheric trace metal concentrations have been conducted in South Africa. Therefore the aim of this study was to determine trace metal concentrations in aerosols collected at a regional background site, i.e. Welgegund, South Africa. PM1, PM1–2. 5 and PM2. 5–10 samples were collected for 13 months, and 31 atmospheric trace metal species were detected. Atmospheric iron (Fe) had the highest concentrations in all three size fractions, while calcium (Ca) was the second-most-abundant species. Chromium (Cr) and sodium (Na) concentrations were the third- and fourth-most-abundant species, respectively. The concentrations of the trace metal species in all three size ranges were similar, with the exception of Fe, which had higher concentrations in the PM1 size fraction. With the exception of titanium (Ti), aluminium (Al) and manganese (Mg), 70 % or more of the trace metal species detected were in the smaller size fractions, which indicated the influence of industrial activities. However, the large influence of wind-blown dust was reflected by 30 % or more of trace metals being present in the PM2. 5–10 size fraction. Comparison of trace metals determined at Welgegund to those in the western Bushveld Igneous Complex indicated that at both locations similar species were observed, with Fe being the most abundant. However, concentrations of these trace metal species were significantly higher in the western Bushveld Igneous Complex. Fe concentrations at the Vaal Triangle were similar to levels thereof at Welgegund, while concentrations of species associated with pyrometallurgical smelting were lower. Annual average Ni was 4 times higher, and annual average As was marginally higher than their respective European standard values, which could be attributed to regional influence of pyrometallurgical industries in the western Bushveld Igneous Complex. All three size fractions indicated elevated trace metal concentrations coinciding with the end of the dry season, which could partially be attributed to decreased wet removal and increases in wind generation of particulates. Principal component factor analysis (PCFA) revealed four meaningful factors in the PM1 size fraction, i.e. crustal, pyrometallurgical-related and Au slimes dams. No meaningful factors were determined for the PM1–2. 5 and PM2. 5–10 size fractions, which was attributed to the large influence of wind-blown dust on atmospheric trace metals determined at Welgegund. Pollution roses confirmed the influence of wind-blown dust on trace metal concentrations measured at Welgegund, while the impact of industrial activities was also substantiated.

scholarly journals Low temporal variation in the intact polar lipid composition of North Sea coastal marine water reveals limited chemotaxonomic value

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1073-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Brandsma ◽  
E. C. Hopmans ◽  
C. J. M. Philippart ◽  
M. J. W. Veldhuis ◽  
S. Schouten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Marine Water ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Algal Groups

Abstract. Temporal variations in the abundance and composition of intact polar lipids (IPLs) in North Sea coastal marine water were assessed over a one-year seasonal cycle, and compared with environmental parameters and the microbial community composition. Sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG) was the most abundant IPL class, followed by phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and diacylglyceryl-(N,N,N)-trimethylhomoserine (DGTS) in roughly equal concentrations, and smaller amounts of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). Although the total concentrations of these IPL classes varied substantially throughout the year, the composition of the IPL pool remained remarkably constant. Statistical analysis yielded negative correlations between IPL concentrations and dissolved inorganic nutrient concentrations, but no changes in the overall planktonic IPL composition due to nutrient limitation were observed. Significant correlations between SQDG, PC, PG and DGTS concentrations and chlorophyll a concentrations and algal abundances indicated that eukaryotic primary producers, in particular Phaeocystis globosa, were the predominant source of IPLs at this site. However, while IPL concentrations in the water were closely tied to total algal abundances, the rapid succession of different algal groups blooming throughout the year resulted in only minor shifts in the IPL composition. Principal component analysis showed that the IPLs were derived from multiple sources, and that no IPL species could be exclusively assigned to a particular algal taxa or (cyano)bacteria. Thus, the most commonly occurring IPLs appear to have limited chemotaxonomic potential, highlighting the need to use targeted assays of more specific biomarker IPLs.

A 50-yr Record of Pollution by Nutrients, Trace Metals, and Organic Chemicals in the St Lawrence River

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1088-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Carignan ◽  
Stéphane Lorrain ◽  
Ken Lum
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Organic Chemicals ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Pcb Congeners ◽  
Anthropogenic Inputs ◽  
St Lawrence River

The deposition chronology of algal pigments, organic C, N, P, trace metals, and organic contaminants (PCB congeners, DDD, DDE, Mirex, hexachlorobenzene) is described for two sites in fluvial lakes (St. Francis and St. Louis) of the St. Lawrence River. Pigment concentrations rapidly decrease in the top 10 cm due to degradation, but show a broad secondary peak consistent with higher primary productivity between 1960 and 1975. In Lake St. Francis, deposition of organic C, N, and P peaked between 1950 and 1975. In both lakes, trace metal concentrations reached maximum values between 1960 and 1970 and decreased considerably between 1970 and 1980. At both sites, surficial trace metal concentrations are approaching (within a factor of 3) those observed in preindustrial sediments except Cd, which is still 5–6 times higher. Concentrations of Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn are inversely related (p < 0.05) to river discharge whereas those of Pb are positively related to discharge. Concentrations of organic contaminants have declined by a factor of 5–10 between the mid-1960's and the early 1980's, except Mirex, which shows no obvious trend with time. Historic trends in pollution by organic chemicals appear to have been influenced not only by changing anthropogenic inputs, but also by river discharge.

Sampling techniques for reliable determination of trace metals in macrophytes and periphyton

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1047
Author(s):  
TP McBride ◽  
BN Noller
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Submerged Macrophytes ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Reliable Determination

Sampling techniques were developed to measure trace-metal concentrations reliably in the shoots of a submerged macrophyte, Najas tenuifolia, and its attached periphyton growing in the Magela Creek flood plain in monsoonal northern Australia. At each site, 30 samples were collected within an 8-m by 8-m quadrat in a pattern of five samples from each of six irregularly spaced points. Samples were collected underwater to include all periphyton present, and precautions were taken at all stages of processing to avoid contamination. Periphyton was dislodged for separate chemical analysis by sonication followed by vigorous shaking. A significant aspect was the large amount of periphyton, up to 35% of the total sample dry weight, associated with the Najas sp. Only a proportion, up to 43%, of this periphyton could be dislodged by the physical procedures used. Trace metals were generally not present in the same concentrations in both the Najas sp. and the periphyton. The average trace-metal concentrations (μg g-1 dry weight) and standard errors measured in the Najas sp. (and periphyton) were cadmium 0.24 � 0.013 (0.093 � 0.012), copper 5.2� 0.25 (12 � 0.74), lead 0.93 � 0.084 (6.5 � 0.43), manganese 2500 � 110 (1500 � 110), uranium 0.24 � 0.023 (0.27 � 0.030), and zinc 38 � 1.0 (23 � 1.5). The significant differences in Najas sp. and periphyton trace-metal concentrations show the need to consider the effect of periphyton when sampling and reporting trace-metal concentrations in submerged macrophytes.

Response Surface Optimization of Trace Element Requirement for the Production of Volatile Fatty Acids from Excess Sludge

2014 ◽  
Vol 878 ◽  
pp. 663-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Ling Liu ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Yong Hui Song ◽  
Ping Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Excess Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Microorganisms ◽  
Response Surface Optimization

Anaerobic microorganisms involved in VFAs fermentation have inherent requirements for trace metals. It is inferred that excess sludge contains inadequate amounts of bioavailable trace metals for high-rate VFAs fermentation. The unavailability of these trace metals is probably the primary reason of poor yield without any other obvious reason. However, trace metal requirements in VFAs fermentation are not often reported in literature. Therefore, minimum requirements for trace metals including Zn, Co, Cu, Fe and Mn in VFAs fermentation from excess sludge were investigated. Firstly, the effect of each trace metal element on the VFAs production was investigated, respectively. And then, response surface methology was employed to optimize the requirement conditions of these five trace elements. The results showed that these five metal elements had the potential to enhance the production of VFAs, and the improved influences were as follows: Fe > Co > Mn > Cu > Zn. However, the production of VFAs decreased obviously with a further increase of each trace element. The optimal mixed conditions of these five trace elements were found to be 0.0982% Fe, 0.0047% Co, 0.0053% Zn, 0.0038% Cu and 0.0936% Mn. Under the optimal conditions, the concentration of VFAs reached 8410 mg/L, and increased by 2.5 times compare with the control. Finally, the consistent results between the prediction and the experiment indicated that the established polynomial model was feasible, and VFAs production could be described well by this model.

scholarly journals Metal contamination and oxidative stress biomarkers in estuarine fish following a mine tailing disaster

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrício Ângelo Gabriel ◽  
Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis ◽  
Lorena Oliveira Souza Soares ◽  
Ana Carolina de Azevedo Mazzuco ◽  
Rafael Christian Chávez Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Contaminated Sediments ◽  
Estuarine Sediments ◽  
Estuarine Fish ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Metal Concentrations

AbstractThe Rio Doce estuary in Brazil was impacted by the deposition of mine tailings caused by the collapse of a mining dam in 2015. Since the disaster, the estuary is experiencing chronic trace metal contamination effects, but potential trace metal accumulation in fishes has not been reported. Trace metals in aquatic ecosystems pose severe threats to the aquatic biota, so we hypothesized that the accumulation of trace metals in estuarine sediments nearly two years after the disaster would cause contaminant bioaccumulation, resulting in the biosynthesis of metal-responsive proteins in fishes. We determined trace metal concentrations in sediment samples, metal concentrations, and quantified stress protein concentrations in the liver and muscle tissue of five different fish species in the estuary. Our results revealed high concentrations of trace metals in estuarine sediments when compared to published baseline values for this estuary. The demersal fish species Cathorops spixii and Genidens genidens had the highest Hg, As, Se, Cr, and Mn concentrations in both hepatic and muscle tissues. Metal bioaccumulation in fish was statistically correlated with the biosynthesis of metallothionein and reduced glutathione in both fish liver and muscle tissue. The trace metals detected in fish tissues resemble those in the contaminated sediments present at the estuary at the time of this study and were also significantly correlated to protein levels. Trace metals in fish muscle were above the maximum permissible limits for human consumption, suggesting potential human health risks that require further determination. Our study supports the high biogeochemical mobility of trace metals between contaminated sediments and local biota in estuarine ecosystems.

scholarly journals Trace Metal Dynamics in Shallow Hydrothermal Plumes at the Kermadec Arc

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Kleint ◽  
Rebecca Zitoun ◽  
René Neuholz ◽  
Maren Walter ◽  
Bernhard Schnetger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Hydrothermal Plumes ◽  
Particle Adsorption ◽  
Dissolved Trace Metals

Hydrothermal vents are a source of many trace metals to the oceans. Compared to mid-ocean ridges, hydrothermal vent systems at arcs occur in shallower water depth and are much more diverse in fluid composition, resulting in highly variable water column trace metal concentrations. However, only few studies have focused on trace metal dynamics in hydrothermal plumes at volcanic arcs. During R/V Sonne cruise SO253 in 2016/2017, hydrothermal plumes from two hydrothermally active submarine volcanoes along the Kermadec arc in the Southwest Pacific Ocean were sampled: (1) Macauley, a magmatic dominated vent site located in water depths between 300 and 680 m, and (2) Brothers, located between 1,200 and 1,600 m water depth, where hydrothermalism influenced by water rock interactions and magmatically influenced vent sites occur near each other. Surface currents estimated from satellite-altimeter derived currents and direct measurements at the sites using lowered acoustic Doppler current profilers indicate the oceanic regime is dominated by mesoscale eddies. At both volcanoes, results indicated strong plumes of dissolved trace metals, notably Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, La, and Pb, some of which are essential micronutrients. Dissolved metal concentrations commonly decreased with distance from the vents, as to be expected, however, certain element/Fe ratios increased, suggesting a higher solubility of these elements and/or their stronger stabilization (e.g., for Zn compared to Fe). Our data indicate that at the magmatically influenced Macauley and Brothers cone sites, the transport of trace metals is strongly controlled by sulfide nanoparticles, while at the Brothers NW caldera wall site iron oxyhydroxides seem to dominate the trace metal transport over sulfides. Solution stabilization of trace metals by organic complexation appears to compete with particle adsorption processes. As well as extending the generally sparse data set for hydrothermal plumes at volcanic arc systems, our study presents the first data on several dissolved trace metals in the Macauley system, and extends the existing plume dataset of Brothers volcano. Our data further indicate that chemical signatures and processes at arc volcanoes are highly diverse, even on small scales.

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