VALUASI EKONOMI TAMAN WISATA ALAM LEJJA KABUPATEN SOPPENG PROVINSI SULAWESI SELATAN

Lejja Natural Tourism Park (Lejja-NTP) is a conservation area managed by the South Sulawesi Natural Resources Conservation Agency. Lejja NTP is a natural tourist attractions located in Marioriawa Sub-District, Soppeng Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The natural potential of Lejja NTP’s among others, as a hot springs, waterfall, flora-fauna, and the beauty of the natural panorama. The purpose of this study are (1) to determine the characteristics of visitors to Lejja NTP, (2)to identify the factors that influence the tourism demand, and (3) to calculate the economic value of environmental service-based tourism. Individual Travel Cost Method (ITCM) was used to estimate the potential economic value of tourism activity, and linear regression analysis was used to determine the influence factors of tourism demand. Sampling method was carried out by using a purposive convenience by interviewing visitors who came to the Lejja NTP. The results showed that the variable of travel costs, and distance of the residence from Lejja NTP had a significant effect on the level of tourist visits. The value of Lejja NTP for each visitors per year was Rp..464.476.00 and the total benefits derived by were Rp.838.232.00. The economic value of Lejja NTP for visitors in year 2013 of at least Rp.92.582.825.754.00. The value of economic benefits generated from Lejja NTP is expected to be considered by relevant stakeholder to participate in preserving the area, so it is necessary to coordinate and collaborate with stakeholders in managing of ecotourism in Lejja NTP

POLITIK EKOLOGI KEHUTANAN: KEBIJAKAN HUTAN TANAMAN INDUSTRI DI SAMBELIA, LOMBOK TIMUR

Ecological politics rely solely on economic interest. Development and the environment have a complicated correlation. The industrial plantation forest policy aims to ensure that the economic benefit goes hand in hand with the sustainability demand. Ironically, this policy triggers a conflict between local communities and corporations as the holder of forest concession rights. The concession is practically established due to merely economic interest aligned with the extractive industry of tobacco in Lombok. The plantation is aimed as the supporting source for the tobacco industry since it requires specific woods to roast the tobacco. The study refers to utilizes instrumental state theory and deep ecology perspective to identify how the policy was made for the capital and tobacco capital benefits, while the sustainability objective is left behind. The study shows not only how the concession sparked ironic economic development, but also how the liberal environmentalism approach in industrial forest plantation policy has failed to gain its objective. The economic potential of tobacco in Lombok is the main determinant in industrial forest plantation policy that changes community forests into private forests. In the end, the policy was strategically implemented to sustain production and strengthen corporation monopoly over forests.

KEMITRAAN KONSERVASI PEMULIHAN EKOSISTEM SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF SOLUSI KONFLIK TENURIAL DI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG HALIMUN SALAK

The ecosystem restoration conservation partnership program is a new policy from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry which aims to reduce conflicts due to forest land use in conservation areas. Gunung Halimun Salak National Park (GHSNP) is one of the conservation areas facing tenure conflicts, particularly in the Gunung Botol Resort area, where there are people who have lived and cultivated the land for decades, long before the Decree of the Designation of the GHSNP was issued. In an effort to address tenurial conflicts in Malasari Village, which is one of the villages within the management area of Gunung Botol Resort, the community took the initiative to collaborate with the GHSNP manager through a scheme called ecosystem restoration conservation partnership. This study aims to formulate a strategy for developing an ecosystem restoration conservation partnership in GHSNP by using a qualitative approach which is presented in a descriptive form. Data were analyzed using SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) technique. The results of the study indicate that the ecosystem restoration conservation partnership program is recommended to be implemented by utilizing existing strengths and opportunities, as well as developed through synergy and collaboration that involves multi-stakeholders.

PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN DAN PELESTARIAN ORANGUTAN DI DUSUN TEMBAK DESA GURUNG MALI KABUPATEN SINTANG

Tembak Hamlet is the first orangutan school area built by the Sintang Orangutan Center (SOC). One of the programs is empowering women to make orangutan dolls. Part of the proceeds from the sale will be donated to the operational activities of the orangutan school. The SOC is aware that socio-cultural and economic aspects significantly influence the successful implementation of the orangutan school program. This study was analyzed using the empowerment ladder concept and Symbolic Interactionism Theory. This study aimed to analyze the empowerment of women in Tembak Hamlet and its socio-economic impacts. The research uses a qualitative method. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Respondents in this research consist of 6 purposively determined people. This analysis is expected to be a reference material for orangutan conservation organizations in other places to pay more attention to the socio-cultural and economic aspects of the community. The results showed that the process in the empowerment stage formed the meaning of orangutan conservation in the women of the orangutan doll-making group. Women use orangutan dolls as a symbol of women's contribution to protecting customary forests and orangutans.

PENGELOLAAN HUTAN DESA DI KPH WILAYAH VIII SEMENDO DARI PERSPEKTIF KINERJA KELEMBAGAAN

Muara Danau Village Forest Management Institution (LPHD) is a forum on forest management activities that aim to improve community welfare. At present, the condition of the farming business is not effective, so it requires some rules as a measure of success. This study aims to analyze the institution of the Muara Danau Village Forest Management Institution (LPHD) in the implementation of Village Forest Management. The research was conducted in Muara Danau Village, Semende Darat Laut Subdistrict, Muara Enim Regency, South Sumatra Province, from March to April 2020. Data were analyzed by using the SSBP approach. The results of the study showed the situation of farmers utilizing forest resources in the form of water sources and non-timber forest products. Smallholders manage the forest based on institutional structure stated in the AD/ART, and administrative sanctions. In terms of planting patterns in the arable land, the structure controls farmer behavior by using an agroforestry system. This makes Muara Danau Village Forest Management Institution (LPHD) obtain a good performance in the aspect of institutional management which is measured by the involvement of members and institutional administrators in group activities/training (91%) and the types of binding group rules in the form of written rules (AD/ART) as well as unwritten rules (84%) in managing areas measured based on the type of forest resource conservation activity (95%). However, managing businesses have not obtained optimal results, as measured by the absence of institutions that handle the marketing of forest products for groups (cooperatives). Based on the results of the research, the institution of Muara Danau Village Forest Management Institution (LPHD) is categorized as good.

PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KONFLIK MACAN TUTUL JAWA DENGAN WARGA SEKITAR SUAKA MARGASATWA GUNUNG SAWAL

Mount Sawal Wildlife Reserve is known as one of the places that has the highest number of conflict cases between Javan leopard and human in Indonesia. There were 38 conflict cases recorded in the period of 2001-2016 with the highest number of cases occurring in Kertamandala and Cikupa Villages, Ciamis District, West Java. This study assessed the community perception of those two villages towards the conflict by using Q-method in combination with the R-Studio statistics to analyze the data. There were 19 participants who were tested with 16 consent statements called Q-sorting were ranked based on approval scale. The results showed that the community perceptions of conflict can be grouped into three, namely: 1) the importance to preserve the existence of javan leopards, 2) wildlife conflict management is a shared responsibility between communities and authorities, and 3) in the future, wildlife conflicts must not take place again. In addition, all participants shared consensus that the community do not accept the existence of javan leopard in their village area and they also agreed that conservation authorities have taken actions to deal with the conflict.

PENGARUH KOMPETENSI PETANI TERHADAP KELESTARIAN HASIL DAN USAHA HUTAN RAKYAT JATI DI KABUPATEN MUNA, SULAWESI TENGGARA

Farm forestry is one form of farming business developed by the community in Muna District. Farm forestry businesses are expected to provide product for supporting farmer economic condition. Sustainable farm forestry management must be supported by competent farmers. Farmer’s competencies consisting of knowledge, skills, attitudes, and actions have not been identified, therefore it is necessary to conduct an assessment to determine their performance in order to maintain and improve the yield and business of farm forestry. This study aims to analyze the relationship between farmer competence and the sustainability of farm forestry product and business. Data collection was taken by using purposive sampling. Data analysis uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) which is operated by the Linear Structural Relationship (LISREL) program. Farm forestry business is not a main livelihood for the community which makes the farmers’ income does not depend on their farm forestry earnings. The results of this study indicate that the competency of farm forestry farmers and its several influencing factors have a significant impact on farm forestry sustainable management, especially in terms of product and business sustainability.

PEMETAAN POSISI KEUNGGULAN EKOWISATA BEE JAY BAKAU RESORT

Bee Jay Bakau Resort (BJBR) is one of the main tourist destinations in Probolinggo City that utilizes the mangrove ecosystem. The study aims to analyze the advantages position mapping of BJBR. The study uses correlational approach with accidental sampling of 70 respondents. Data were analyzed by using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and correspondence analysis (CA) with 16 attributes. This study assessed three mangrove ecotourism sites in East Java. The main factors that influence tourists visiting BJBR are tourist attractions, prices, tourism completeness and safety, mangrove preservation, as well as service friendliness. BJBR has tourism advantages in the form of complete facilities and completeness of its attractions. Meanwhile, the advantages of Wonorejo Surabaya mangrove ecotourism are among others: the availability of education related to mangroves and the cleanliness of the facilities. On the other side, The Clungup Mangrove Conservation Malang has the advantages in the form of mangrove conservation, tourism beauty, tourism memories, and tourism safety. BJBR managers need to improve the sustainability of the mangrove forest ecosystem and educational facilities regarding the benefits of mangroves in order to have a positive impact on tourists.

ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN HUTAN RAKYAT KEMITRAAN YANG BERKELANJUTAN

Private forest partnership has been considered as a new strategy in dealing with conventional socio-economic model problem of the industrial wood raw material sustainability supply. As a new strategy to address the issue of sustainability of industrial wood supply, synergy is needed between forest farmer groups and timber-based industry through private forest partnership schemes. This research aims to analyze private forest partnership policy and its implementation in terms of cooperation aspects in order to formulate a sustainable private forest partnership policy. Content analysis was used to identify all policies related to private forestry partnerships, while policy implementation was analyzed by using formal evaluation method. The descriptive method was implemented to analyze standing stock managemet, and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) as a method to formulate the concept of sustainable private forest partnership policy. The results showed that private forest partnership policy now is more focused on production facilities and infrastructure aspect. The level of policy implementation in research location is at a low grade, only reached 16.28%, while 43.75% of the private forest partnerships in the research area are not sustainable due to low potential of standing stock. This research proved that fostering the farmers is a key factor to develop sustainable private forest partnership policy.

PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT HUKUM ADAT TERHADAP KEBERADAAN HUTAN DI KASEPUHAN KARANG DAN CISUNGSANG, KABUPATEN LEBAK, BANTEN

The existence of customary territories, which are generally located in forest areas, create a separate conflict. One solution is the granting of customary forest management rights to customary law communities (CLC), and there are common understanding and perception between community and forest area managers. The study aims to understand perceptions of CLC about their needs and interests in forests. The research was conducted in Kasepuhan Karang and Cisungsang. Research method is descriptive qualitative. Data processing was done in a tabulated form and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the perceptions of CLC Kasepuhan Karang and Cisungsang on customary forest management in terms of social, economic, and ecological aspects were generally positive, and that the condition of the Kasepuhan Karang forest is better. It was found that the ranges from social aspects are 45%-95%, economic aspects are 39%-100%, and ecological aspects are75%-100%. They depend on the forest as a source of life, medicines, and handicraft materials. Forests are also a place for customary rituals, a source of food, a source of water that is preserved and passed down from generation to generation. Customary institutions need to be strengthened with the active participation of traditional elders or the younger generation, so that future generations understand and inherit customary culture values.