Long-term maternal exposure to atrazine in the drinking water reduces penis length in the tammar wallaby Macropus eugenii

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura E. Cook ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Marilyn B. Renfree ◽  
Andrew J. Pask
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Tammar Wallaby ◽  
Maternal Exposure ◽  
Macropus Eugenii ◽  
Penis Length

Long-term effects of corticosteroid administration in the tammar wallaby, Macropus eugenii

1981 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Janssens ◽  
Lynette A. Hinds
Keyword(s):  
Tammar Wallaby ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Corticosteroid Administration ◽  
Macropus Eugenii

scholarly journals Long-term effects of deslorelin implants on reproduction in the female tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii)

Reproduction ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
C A Herbert ◽  
T E Trigg ◽  
M B Renfree ◽  
G Shaw ◽  
D C Eckery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gnrh Agonist ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Tammar Wallaby ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Macropus Eugenii ◽  
Reproductive Management ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Negative Side Effects

The contraceptive and endocrine effects of long-term treatment with implants containing the GnRH agonist deslorelin were investigated in female tammar wallabies (Macropus eugenii). Fertility was successfully inhibited for 515 ± 87 days after treatment with a 5 mg deslorelin implant (n= 7), while control animals gave birth to their first young 159 ± 47 days after placebo implant administration (n= 8). The duration of contraception was highly variable, ranging from 344 to 761 days. The strict reproductive seasonality in the tammar wallaby was maintained once the implant had expired. This inhibition of reproduction was associated with a significant reduction in basal LH concentrations and a cessation of oestrous cycles, as evidenced by low progesterone concentrations. There was evidence to suggest that some aspect of either blastocyst survival, luteal reactivation, pregnancy or birth may be affected by deslorelin treatment in some animals. These results show that long-term inhibition of fertility in the female tammar wallaby is possible using slow-release deslorelin implants. The effects of deslorelin treatment were fully reversible and there was no evidence of negative side effects. Slow-release GnRH agonist implants may represent a practicable method for reproductive management of captive and semi-wild populations of marsupials.

ANALYSIS OF ABDOMINAL TYPHOID INCIDENCE IN THE SOUTH REGION OF THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Zakirova J.S. ◽  
Nadirbekova R.A. ◽  
Zholdoshev S.T.
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Radiation Factor ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Immunological Deficiency

The article analyze the long-term morbidity, spread of typhoid fever in the southern regions of the Kyrgyz republic, and remains a permanent epidemic focus in the Jalal-Abad region, where against the low availability of the population to high-quality drinking water, an additional factor on the body for more than two generations and radiation factor, which we confirmed by the spread among the inhabitants of Mailuu-Suu of nosological forms of the syndrome of immunological deficiency, as a predictor of risk groups for infectious diseases, including typhoid fever.

In pursuit of sustainable water solutions in emerging regions

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura R. Brunson ◽  
Lowell W. Busenitz ◽  
David A. Sabatini ◽  
Paul Spicer
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Water Solutions ◽  
Enabling Environment ◽  
Cultural Assessment

While lack of access to consistent safe drinking water is estimated to affect nearly 2 billion people worldwide, many of the efforts to solve this crisis have proven to be unsustainable. This paper discusses some of the reasons for these challenges and suggests interdisciplinary practices that could be integrated from the very beginning of a water intervention to achieve long-term success. Of key importance for sustainable water implementation is an enabling environment that incorporates aspects such as funding, potential for market development, and supportive governance. While this enabling environment is acknowledged, the focus of this work is on the integration of three key areas: (i) social and cultural assessment of behavior and preferences; (ii) market-based implementation approaches that draw on this knowledge; and (iii) technology development for these markets.

scholarly journals Persistent, mobile and toxic (PMT) and very persistent and very mobile (vPvM) substances pose an equivalent level of concern to persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT) and very persistent and very bioaccumulative (vPvB) substances under REACH

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Hale ◽  
Hans Peter H. Arp ◽  
Ivo Schliebner ◽  
Michael Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Regulatory Decision ◽  
Drinking Water Resources ◽  
Trade Name ◽  
Chemicals Regulation ◽  
Range Transport ◽  
High Concern ◽  
Level Of Concern

Abstract Background Under the EU chemicals regulation REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals EC 1907/2006), registrants are not obliged to provide information related to intrinsic substance properties for substances that pose a threat to the drinking water resources. In 2019, perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS) and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)-propanoic acid (HFPO-DA trade name GenX) were demonstrated to have an equivalent level of concern (ELoC) to persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic or very persistent and very bioaccumulative (PBT/vPvB) substances owing to their persistent, mobile and toxic (PMT) substance properties and very persistent and very mobile (vPvM) substance properties, respectively. They were both subsequently identified as substances of very high concern (SVHC) applying Article 57(f) in REACH. This work follows up on this regulatory decision by presenting a science based, conceptual level comparison that all PMT/vPvM substances pose an ELoC to PBT/vPvB substances. Using the two cases named above, as well as 1,4-dioxane, 16 categories were developed to evaluate a) serious effects on human health, b) serious effects on the environment and c) additional effects. 1,4-dioxane has recently been proposed to be classified as Carcinogenic 1B by the Committee for Risk Assessment (RAC). The aim was to enable an objective and scientifically justified conclusion that these classes of substances have an equivalent level of concern for the environment and human health. Results In all of the categories related to human health, the environment and other effects, the PMT/vPvM case study substances exhibited comparable effects to PBT/vPvB substances. A difference in the human and environmental exposure pathways of PMT/vPvM and PBT/vPvB substances exists as they vary temporally and spatially. However, effects and impacts are similar, with PMT/vPvM substances potentially accumulating in (semi-)closed drinking water cycles and pristine aquatic environments, and PBT/vPvB substances accumulating in humans and the food chain. Both PMT/vPvM and PBT/vPvB substances share the common difficulty that long term and long-range transport and risk of exposure is very difficult to determine in advance and with sufficient accuracy. Conclusion The registration process of substances under REACH should reflect that PMT/vPvM substances pose an equivalent level of concern to PBT/vPvB substances.

scholarly journals Uterine and embryonic metabolism after diapause in the tammar wallaby, Macropus eugenii

Reproduction ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 339-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Shaw ◽  
M. B. Renfree
Keyword(s):  
Tammar Wallaby ◽  
Macropus Eugenii ◽  
Embryonic Metabolism

scholarly journals The effect of pregnancy on the interval between one oestrus and the next in the tammar wallaby, Macropus eugenii

Reproduction ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Merchant
Keyword(s):  
Tammar Wallaby ◽  
Macropus Eugenii

Long-term exposure of male rats to low-dose ethinylestradiol (EE2) in drinking water: Effects on ponderal growth and on litter size of their progeny

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélanie Vosges ◽  
Jean-Claude Braguer ◽  
Yves Combarnous
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Water Effects
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