Transscrotal stimulation of the testes and epididymides improves urethral sperm collection in domestic cats

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 437
Author(s):  
S. Prochowska ◽  
W. Niżański
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Sperm Analysis ◽  
Semen Collection ◽  
Manual Stimulation ◽  
Urethral Catheterisation ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Stimulation Of

Urethral catheterisation after medetomidine administration is the method of choice for semen collection in cats, but it yields variable results. This study tested whether scrotal manual stimulation can improve urethral sperm collection in domestic cats. The study was performed on 20 male cats, from which two urethral semen samples were collected, one before and one after 2min of transscrotal finger massage of the testes and epididymides. Both sperm samples were assessed for total sperm count and motility using computer-aided sperm analysis, viability and morphology (eosin–nigrosin staining). The transscrotal manual stimulation allowed a significantly higher number of spermatozoa to be obtained (P=0.0015). Viability was similar before and after the stimulation (median 92% and 90.5%), whereas the number of motile (median 60% and 70%) and morphologically normal (median 17% and 30.5%) spermatozoa was higher in the second sample (P=0.03 and P=0.002 respectively), which confirms that transscrotal massage induced the expulsion of a fresh pool of spermatozoa into the urethra. Transscrotal stimulation of the testes and epididymides significantly improves urethral semen collection in domestic cats and can be easily introduced into clinical practice.

scholarly journals Usefulness of an injectable anaesthetic protocol for semen collection through urethral catheterisation in domestic cats

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1087-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carmela Pisu ◽  
Patrizia Ponzio ◽  
Chiara Rovella ◽  
Michela Baravalle ◽  
Maria Cristina Veronesi
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Bolus Injection ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Semen Collection ◽  
Clinical Investigations ◽  
Urethral Catheterisation ◽  
Semen Storage ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Adult Cats

Objectives Although less often requested in comparison with dogs, the collection of semen in cats can be necessary for artificial insemination, for semen evaluation in tom cats used for breeding and for semen storage. Urethral catheterisation after pharmacological induction with medetomidine has proved to be useful for the collection of semen in domestic cats. However, most of the previously used protocols require the administration of high doses of medetomidine that can increase the risk of side effects, especially on the cardiovascular system. In routine clinical practice, one safe and useful injectable anaesthetic protocol for short-term clinical investigations or surgery in cats involves premedication with low intramuscular doses of dexmedetomidine with methadone, followed by intravenous propofol bolus injection. We aimed to assess the usefulness of this injectable anaesthetic protocol for semen collection, via urethral catheterisation, in domestic cats. Methods The study was performed on 38 purebred, adult cats, during the breeding season, and semen was collected via urethral catheterisation using an injectable anaesthesia protocol with methadone (0.2 mg/kg) and dexmedetomidine (5 µg/kg) premedication, followed by induction with propofol. Results The anaesthetic protocol used in the present study allowed the collection of large-volume semen samples, characterised by good parameters and without side effects. Conclusions and relevance The results from the present study suggest that the injectable anaesthetic protocol using methadone and dexmedetomidine premedication, followed by induction with propofol, could be suitable and safe for the collection of a good-quality semen sample, via urethral catheterisation, in domestic cats. It can therefore be used as an alternative to previous medetomidine-based sedation protocols.

scholarly journals Comparison of Electro Ejaculator and Artificial Vagina on Semen Collection from South African Indigenous Goat Following Assessment by Computer Aided Sperm Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 210-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malebogo Audrey Bopape ◽  
Khoboso Christina Lehloenya ◽  
Tlou Caswell Chokoe ◽  
Tshimangadzo Lucky Nedambale
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Sperm Analysis ◽  
Semen Collection ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Indigenous Goat ◽  
Artificial Vagina

228 COLLECTION AND EVALUATION OF SEMEN OF SLOTH (BRADYPUS TRIDACTYLUS)

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
M. A. Peres ◽  
A. B. Nascimento ◽  
V. P. Oliveira ◽  
C. Yamada ◽  
A. C. Nicacio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unique Feature ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
Semen Collection ◽  
Oscillatory Movement ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Fresh Semen ◽  
Group 1

Sloths are animals that suffer with the destruction and fragmentation of forests. They experience a low population growth rate and need to be studied further for the preservation of the species. The objective of this study was to contribute data relevant to the reproductive physiology of this species, selecting a semen collection method and evaluating seminal characteristics that have never before been described in the literature. Fifteen Bradypus tridactylus males were captured in Manaus, Brazil. Nine of them were captured during the first half of 2004 (Group 1) and the others during the second half (Group 2). The animals were anesthetized with an i.m. injection of a combination of ketamine (10 mg/kg) and xylasine (1 mg/kg). Semen was collected by electroejaculaton using a rectal probe designed for domestic cats. Electrostimulations were given with a 0-100 mA/0-12 V variable electrostimulator in sequences of three progressive intensities, with ten repetitions at each intensity and variation of 10 mA between them. They started with 20 mA and peaked at 60 mA. Each stimulus lasted about 3 s. It was not possible to define the best intensity of stimulus to use and ejaculation could take place at any time of the stimulation (Fisher's exact test). Sperm motility and vigor were immediately analyzed. Sperm count was determined in a Neubauer chamber at a 1:50 (v:v) dilution in formol-saline. Morphology was examined at the same dilution. Fresh semen smears were made and stained using Spermac Stain� (Minit�b, Tiefenbach, Germany) protocol for a better evaluation of the spermatozoa acrosome and midpiece. In both methods 200 cells were counted for morphological evaluation. All animals ejaculated approximately 30 �L to 90 �L of semen. In some ejaculates the semen was too thin and flowed down the penis, so that the volume effectively collected was not sufficient for a complete spermiogram. Spermatozoa presented a wide variety of defects, and some physical characteristics differed (not significantly) between samples collected during the first and second halves of the year. Motility and vigor were very low, the sperm did not show forward progression, only oscillatory movement. However, a high percentage (80%) of spermatozoa were moving. The concentration in Group 1 ranged from 5000 spermatozoa/mm3 to 685 500 spermatozoa/mm3 (mean � 218 571.4 � 242 499.4). Sperm concentation was not assessed in Group 2. The morphology of the head could be elongated or squared, or the head could have a base narrower than the apex. The tail showed a unique feature: the midpiece narrowed abruptly, forming a nip in its transition to the tail. This was similar in appearance to the segmental aplasia of the mitochondrial sheath, but it was considered normal because it was observed in all spermatozoa. Although further studies are necessary to standardize the semen evaluation of sloths and to define the best protocol for electroejaculation, this pioneering study has shown the characteristics of sloth spermatozoa and the possibility of collecting semen throughout the electroejaculation process in this species. This work was supported by Fapesp 03/07457-4.

Antiparasitic Treatment of Patients with P. falciparum Malaria Reduces the Ability of Patient Serum to Induce Tissue Factor by Decreasing NF-κB Activation

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (01) ◽  
pp. 039-048 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bierhaus ◽  
Ch J Hemmer ◽  
N Mackman ◽  
R Kutob ◽  
R Ziegler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tf Gene ◽  
Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assays ◽  
Antiparasitic Treatment ◽  
Stimulation Of

SummarySerum from patients with P. falciparum malaria at day 1 (pretherapy) induces tissue factor (TF) in cultured endothelial cells. TF induction depends on de novo transcription as shown in Nuclear Run On assays. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated binding of AP-1 and NF- κB/Rel proteins to their recognition sites in the TF promotor. After therapy (day 28), stimulation of TF antigen by patient serum is reduced by 70%. When serum obtained before and after therapy was compared, a decrease of NF-κB activation was evident. Activation of NF-κB-like proteins was in part dependent on TNFα in patient serum, since a TNFα neutralizing antibody reduced induction of TF transcription and translation and induction of NF-κB-like proteins. Induction of TF activity was suppressed by pDTC, an inhibitor of NF-κB activation. When different promotor constructs of the TF gene were tested, induction was dependent upon the presence of the intact NF-κB-like binding site in the TF promotor. A mutant with deleted NF-κB, but intact AP-1 sites was not inducible. Mutation of the AP-1 sites did not prevent induction, but reduced inducibility by pretherapy serum. Therefore, NF-κB/Rel proteins are responsible for induction of TF transcription by pretherapy serum, but AP-1 is needed for highest inducibility. The effect of antiparasitic therapy on the induction of TF by serum from patients with complicated P. falciparum malaria is dependent on a therapy-mediated loss of activation of NF-κB-like proteins in post-treatment patient serum.

Klein with Lacan: A Study on the Reception of Lacanian Ideas in Uruguay and Its Effects on Clinical Practices (1955–82)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-361
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Grau-Pérez ◽  
J. Guillermo Milán
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Material ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Discursive Approach ◽  
The Way ◽  
Clinical Cases

In Uruguay, Lacanian ideas arrived in the 1960s, into a context of Kleinian hegemony. Adopting a discursive approach, this study researched the initial reception of these ideas and its effects on clinical practices. We gathered a corpus of discursive data from clinical cases and theoretical-doctrinal articles (from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s). In order to examine the effects of Lacanian ideas, we analysed the difference in the way of interpreting the clinical material before and after Lacan's reception. The results of this research illuminate some epistemological problems of psychoanalysis, especially the relationship between theory and clinical practice.

Effect of new dietary supplement on sperm quality

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (45) ◽  
pp. 1787-1792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mária Horváth ◽  
Endre Czeizel
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Usa ◽  
New Treatments

Introduction: There is a decline in male fertility thus new treatments are needed. Aims: To test the efficacy of a new dietary supplement developed in the USA and registered as a curing drug in Hungary (OGYI). Methods: In a clinical trial 100 men with low sperm quality (spermium count 5–20 M/ml, good motility 10–40%, and adverse shape 30–50%) were examined. Results: Sperm parameters were measured before and after a 3-month treatment and after another 3-month without treatment. This dietary supplement statistically and clinically significantly improved sperm count and motility. In 74 cases this dietary supplement demonstrated a beneficial effect on sperm quality (more than 10% increase in sperm count, or quality of motility, or shape); in 16 cases the improvement exceeded 30%. No adverse effect could be accounted for this treatment. Conclusions: This new dietary supplement may contribute to the treatment of male infertility. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 1787–1792.

scholarly journals The Role and Impact of Deep Learning Methods in Computer-Aided Diagnosis Using Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 694
Author(s):  
Xuejiao Pang ◽  
Zijian Zhao ◽  
Ying Weng
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Computer Aided Diagnosis ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Learning Abilities ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Diagnosis

At present, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) based on deep learning in the medical field has become more extensive and suitable for clinical practice compared with traditional machine learning. The application of traditional machine learning approaches to clinical practice is very challenging because medical data are usually uncharacteristic. However, deep learning methods with self-learning abilities can effectively make use of excellent computing abilities to learn intricate and abstract features. Thus, they are promising for the classification and detection of lesions through gastrointestinal endoscopy using a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system based on deep learning. This study aimed to address the research development of a CAD system based on deep learning in order to assist doctors in classifying and detecting lesions in the stomach, intestines, and esophagus. It also summarized the limitations of the current methods and finally presented a prospect for future research.

Cross-talk along gastrointestinal tract during electrical stimulation: effects and mechanisms of gastric/colonic stimulation on rectal tone in dogs

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (6) ◽  
pp. G1195-G1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Liu ◽  
Lijie Wang ◽  
J. D. Z. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Rectal Compliance ◽  
Rectal Tone ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sensory Functions ◽  
Sympathetic Pathway ◽  
Colonic Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Gastric electrical stimulation (GES) has been shown to alter motor and sensory functions of the stomach. However, its effects on other organs of the gut have rarely been investigated. The study was performed in 12 dogs implanted with two pairs of electrodes, one on the serosa of the stomach and the other on the colon. The study was composed of two experiments. Experiment 1 was designed to study the effects of GES on rectal tone and compliance in nine dogs compared with colonic electrical stimulation (CES). Rectal tone and compliance were assessed before and after GES or CES. Experiment 2 was performed to study the involvement of sympathetic pathway in 8 of the 12 dogs. The rectal tone was recorded for 30–40 min at baseline and 20 min after intravenous guanethidine. GES or CES was given for 20 min 20 min after the initiation of the infusion. It was found that both GES and CES reduced rectal tone with comparable potency. Rectal compliance was altered neither with GES, nor with CES. The inhibitory effect of GES but not CES on rectal tone was abolished by an adrenergic blockade, guanethidine. GES inhibited rectal tone with a comparable potency with CES but did not alter rectal compliance. The inhibitory effect of GES on rectal tone is mediated by the sympathetic pathway. It should be noted that electrical stimulation of one organ of the gut may have a beneficial or adverse effect on another organ of the gut.

Effects of pharyngeal lubrication on the opening of obstructed upper airway

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 2311-2316 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Miki ◽  
W. Hida ◽  
Y. Kikuchi ◽  
T. Chonan ◽  
M. Satoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypoglossal Nerve ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Intraluminal Pressure ◽  
Lower Airway ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Airway Opening ◽  
Cervical Trachea ◽  
Artificial Surfactant ◽  
Stimulation Of

We examined the effect of electrical stimulation of the hypoglossal nerve and pharyngeal lubrication with artificial surfactant (Surfactant T-A) on the opening of obstructed upper airway in nine anesthetized supine dogs. The upper airway was isolated from the lower airway by transecting the cervical trachea. Upper airway obstruction was induced by applying constant negative pressures (5, 10, 20, and 30 cmH2O) on the rostral cut end of the trachea. Peripheral cut ends of the hypoglossal nerves were electrically stimulated by square-wave pulses at various frequencies from 10 to 30 Hz (0.2-ms duration, 5–7 V), and the critical stimulating frequency necessary for opening the obstructed upper airway was measured at each driving pressure before and after pharyngeal lubrication with artificial surfactant. The critical stimulation frequency for upper airway opening significantly increased as upper airway pressure became more negative and significantly decreased with lubrication of the upper airway. These findings suggest that greater muscle tone of the genioglossus is needed to open the occluded upper airway with larger negative intraluminal pressure and that lubrication of the pharyngeal mucosa with artificial surfactant facilitates reopening of the upper airway.

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