189 EFFECT OF NEOSPORA CANINUM INFECTION ON REPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS OF DAIRY COWS

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 252 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Pessoa ◽  
C. A. M. Silva ◽  
M. I. B. Rubin ◽  
F. S. F. Vogel ◽  
J. M. Trentin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Caninum Infection ◽  
Diarrhea Virus

The aim of this research was to determine the influence of Neospora caninum (NC) infection on reproductive parameters of Holstein dairy cows. The study was performed at 32 farms in the south of Brazil, latitude 27°30′S to 31°S and longitude 51°30′W to 55°30 W Farms included in this study met rigorous vaccination schedule for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, bovine viral diarrhea virus, leptospirosis, and brucellosis. Blood samples collected from the dairy cows were submitted to serologic testing by an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and were distributed into 2 groups: seropositive (GP; n = 160) and seronegative (GN; n = 558). The dogs (n = 51) of the farms were tested by IFAT. After abortion, fetuses were frozen at -80°C and submitted to PCR detection of NC in tissues. Seropositive cows that aborted were also tested by IFAT. Pregnancies of GP and GN cows were mon- itored by periodic ultrasound exams. After parturition or abortion all cows in GP and GN groups were submitted to gynecological exams. Cows that developed disease (clinical mastitis, metabolic disease, or laminitis) after parturition or abortion were excluded from the analysis to prevent any distortion of data. Farms were divided into 3 categories according to production technology, specifically, average milk production per cow per lactation: high (>25 kg), medium (15-25 kg), and low (< 15 kg). Data was analyzed by ANOVA using SAS® software (SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA) at a level of 5% significance and Student’s t-test for average reproductive parameters. The alternative hypothesis of the study was that at least 1 reproductive parameter was influenced in GP after abortion compared with GN cows that aborted. The null hypothesis was that there was no influence of NC antibody titer on reproductive parameters. The prevalence of antibody for NC in dairy cows was 24.48%. There was no prevalence difference among production systems (P > 0.05). The prevalence in dogs was 48.6% and did not differ among production systems. Fifty-nine (41.37%) NC-seropositive cows aborted. This differs significantly from the seronegative cow abortion rate (n = 17; 2.6%; P < 0.001). Occurrence of retained fetal membranes (RFM), endometritis, absence of uterine infection after abortion, and days between abortion and first estrus can be observed in Table 1. Abortion occurred between the fifth and eighth month of pregnancy. Occurrence of RFM was more frequent in cows that were seropositive. The period between abortion and first estrus was 79.06 v. 65.8 days for seropositive and seronegative groups, respectively, which differed significantly (P < 0.001). The results suggest that the higher occurrence of RFM after abortion in dairy NC-seropositive cows affects uterine involution, resulting in a delay of ovarian activity. Table 1.Neospora caninum seropositive and seronegative cows that aborted and their reproductive parameters. This study was supported by CNPq graduate funding.

Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum infection in dairy cows in Northern provinces, Thailand

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tawin Inpankaew ◽  
Sathaporn Jittapalapong ◽  
Thomas Mitchell ◽  
Chainirun Sununta ◽  
Ikuo Igarashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Caninum Infection ◽  
Slow Growth Rate ◽  
The Impact

AbstractNeospora caninum, an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite, is the causative agent of neosporosis, recognized as a major cause of bovine abortion around the world. Thailand is a developing agricultural country located in Southeast Asia. Livestock developments particularly in dairy cows of this country have been hampered by low productivity including milk and slow growth rate due to the impact of many pathogens including N. caninum. Currently, there is no effective method for control of neosporosis since there is less information regarding current status of infections. The objective of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of neosporosis in dairy cows of the northern part of Thailand. During 2006–2007, the sera of 642 cows from 42 small farm holders with the top three highest consensus of dairy farms in the northern provinces, such as Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai and Lumpang were collected and performed tests. Antibodies to N. caninum were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with recombinant N. caninum surface antigen 1 (NcSAG1) and indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). The overall prevalence of N. caninum infection in this study was 46.9% (301/642) by ELISA and 34.3% (220/642) by IFAT.

scholarly journals Detection of Neospora caninum Infection in Aborted Equine Fetuses in Israel

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 962
Author(s):  
Monica Leszkowicz Mazuz ◽  
Lea Mimoun ◽  
Gili Schvartz ◽  
Sharon Tirosh-Levy ◽  
Igor Savitzki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Transplacental Transmission ◽  
Caninum Infection ◽  
Parasite Detection ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Equine Abortion

In horses, Neospora caninum and Neospora hughesi have been associated with fetal loss, and neurological disease, respectively. This study investigated the role of Neospora spp. infection in equine abortion in Israel. The presence of anti-Neospora spp. antibodies was evaluated in 31 aborting mares by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and the presence of parasite DNA in their aborted fetuses was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), using two target loci (ITS1 and Nc5). The seroprevalence found in aborting mares was 70.9% and the prevalence by DNA detection in the aborted fetuses was 41.9%. Transplacental transmission from positive mares to their fetuses was 45.4% (10/22), while 33.3% (3/9) of fetuses of seronegative mares also tested positive for Neospora. The use of two PCR targets improved the sensitivity of parasite detection, and positive samples were identified by sequence analyses as N. caninum. These finding suggest that N. caninum could be a significant cause of abortion in horses, and that transplacental transmission in horses is an important way of transmission of N.caninum. The results presented here demonstrated the necessity to use several tests concurrently, including serological and molecular assays in order to confirm the involvement of Neospora in mare abortions.

scholarly journals Risk factor analysis associated with Neospora caninum in dairy cattle in Western Brazilian Amazon

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Poliana de Jesus Souza Venturoso ◽  
Osvaldo Juliatti Venturoso ◽  
Gisele Glomba Silva ◽  
Maerle Oliveira Maia ◽  
Rute Witter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Present Survey ◽  
Caninum Infection ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
And Control

Abstract Neospora caninum is considered to be one of the main causes of abortion among cattle. The present survey was conducted in the municipality of Rolim de Moura, Rondônia State, Brazil. A questionnaire that investigates the epidemiological aspects of neosporosis was used in the analysis of risk factors associated with the animal-level and herd-level prevalence in dairy cattle. A total of 416 bovine blood samples were collected from 30 farms, and N. caninum antibody levels were measured by Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test (IFAT). Analysis of dairy cattle serum samples revealed the presence of anti-N. caninum antibodies to be 47.36% (n = 197). Risk factors associated with N. caninum infection were the management system and access locations of dogs. The results of the present survey indicated that infection of dairy cattle with N. caninum is widespread in the studied region of Western Amazon, which has implications for prevention and control of neosporosis in this region. Therefore, integrated control strategies and measures are recommended to prevent and control N. caninum infection in dairy cattle. In addition, direct contact between dairy cattle, dogs and wild animals, which can influence the epidemiology of neosporosis, should be investigated further.

scholarly journals Antibodies against Neospora caninum, Sarcocystis spp. and Toxoplasma gondii detected in buffaloes from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 947-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiza P. Portella ◽  
◽  
Gustavo C. Cadore ◽  
Marcelo de Lima ◽  
Luís A. Sangioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Caninum Infection ◽  
Sarcocystis Spp

ABSTRACT: The presence of antibodies against Neospora caninum, Sarcocystis spp. and Toxoplasma gondii was evaluated in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from Rio Grande do Sul state (RS), southern Brazil. Serum samples (n=220) were analyzed for antibodies by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Antibody presence was considered when the titers were equal or higher than 100 for these protozoa. A total of 60.5% (133/220) buffalo serum samples were positive for at least one of the protozoa evaluated in this study. Antibodies for N. caninum, Sarcocystis spp. and T. gondii were found in 36.4% (80/220), 25.5% (56/220) and 16.8% (37/220) of the buffaloes respectively, indicating a higher frequency of N. caninum infection (p=0.0133). The IFAT is a suitable method to diagnose N. caninum, Sarcocystis spp. and T. gondii infection in buffaloes for detecting IgG antibodies. This study demonstrates the presence of these three protozoa in buffalo herds in RS, Brazil, which may be source of infection to other animals. The high frequency of animals positive for N. caninum is important and could be related to reproductive problems. Additionally, the presence of Sarcocystis spp. and T. gondii in buffaloes can be a possible public health issue.

scholarly journals Current trends in bovine abortion in Argentina

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora L. Morrell ◽  
Carlos M. Campero ◽  
Germán J. Cantón ◽  
Anselmo C. Odeón ◽  
Dadín P. Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Infectious Origin ◽  
Bovine Fetuses ◽  
Bovine Abortion

ABSTRACT: Bovine abortion is an important cause of significant economic losses in beef and dairy herds. This syndrome is usually difficult to diagnose. The aim of this study was to characterize bovine abortion causes in Argentina by standard diagnosis procedures (histology, bacterial and viral isolation) and other diagnostic tests like direct fluorescent antibody test (DFAT), fetal serology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and PCR, showing their specific advantages and limitations. Necropsies were performed in 150 aborted bovine fetuses submitted to the diagnostic laboratories of Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Balcarce, Argentina. Etiological diagnosis was confirmed in 78 fetuses (52% of the cases). Most causes of abortion were of infectious origin, being Neospora caninum (14.67%), Campylobacter fetus sp. (9.33%), Leptospira spp. (7.33%) and Brucella abortus (6.65%) the main microorganisms identified. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and bovine herpes virus (BHV) were diagnosed in 2 (1.33%) and 3 (2%) cases, respectively. This study showed a better characterization of bovine abortion compared with previous researches done on this topic.

scholarly journals Quantification of vertical transmission of Neospora caninum in dairy cows in Minas Gerais, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Ribeiro Dias Santos ◽  
Christiane Maria Barcellos Magalhães da Rocha ◽  
Tarcísio de Morais Gonçalves ◽  
Antônio Marcos Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the rate of vertical transmission and to investigate horizontal transmission of Neospora caninum and occurrences of reproductive abnormalities in seropositive dairy cows on two farms in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The frequency of cows seropositive for N.caninum according to the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was 39.4% (93/236) for Farm A and 31.4% (32/102) for the Farm B (p > 0.05). The mean vertical transmission rates for N. caninum were 29% and 9% for the herds of Farms A and B, respectively. No negative effects (p > 0.05) from infection by N.caninum were observed regarding milk production and occurrences of reproductive abnormalities in herds A and B.

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infection of cats in Hungary

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sándor Hornok ◽  
Renate Edelhofer ◽  
Anja Joachim ◽  
Róbert Farkas ◽  
Krisztián Berta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Concurrent Infection ◽  
Indirect Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Caninum Infection ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Feline Infectious Peritonitis

Blood samples were collected from 330 cats in Hungary in order to evaluate their seroconversion to Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum using the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). The overall prevalence of toxoplasmosis was 47.6%, the prevalence being 22.4% among urban, 50% among suburban and 61.3% among rural animals. Significantly more cats had high IFAT titres (1:640 to 1:5120) in the countryside. Female cats were more frequently infected with T. gondii than males (53.3% vs. 39.3%), and seropositivity increased with the age of animals. The prevalence (0.6%) and titre (1:40) of antibodies to N. caninum was low. Sixty-two cats were also screened for seroconversion to feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) virus. Higher titres to T. gondii were more frequently detected among FIP-positive cats, but this difference was non-significant due to the small number of cats with concurrent infection.

scholarly journals Occurrence of antibodies against Neospora caninum and/or Toxoplasma gondii in dogs with neurological signs

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolle Fridlund Plugge ◽  
Fabiano Montiani Ferreira ◽  
Rosária Regina Tesoni de Barros Richartz ◽  
Adriana de Siqueira ◽  
Rosangela Locatelli Dittrich
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
Neurological Signs ◽  
Significant Difference

This study aimed to evaluate occurrences of antibodies against Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in dogs with neurological signs. Blood samples from 147 dogs were collected: 127 from owned dogs (attended at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Federal University of Paraná (HV-UFPR) and at private veterinary clinics in the city of Curitiba), and 20 from stray dogs found in Curitiba's metropolitan region. The dogs presented one or more of the following neurological signs: seizures, paresis or paralysis, ataxia, behavioral abnormalities, sensory and somatic disorders and chorioretinitis. The samples were analyzed by means of the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT), at a cutoff dilution of 1:50. Out of the 147 samples obtained, 17 (11.56%) were seropositive for N. caninum, 31 (21.08%) for T. gondii and four (2.72%) for both protozoa. Serum titration on the positive animals showed that 54.83% (17/31) and 41.18% (7/17) had titers > 1:200 against T. gondii and N. caninum, respectively. A significant difference in seropositivity for T. gondii (P = 0.021; OR = 2.87; CI = 1.1 > 2.8 > 7.4) was observed between owned dogs (18.11%) and stray dogs (40%). Inclusion of serological tests for neosporosis and toxoplasmosis is recommended in diagnosing neurological diseases in dogs.

scholarly journals Frequency of antibodies against Neospora caninum in stray and domiciled dogs from urban, periurban and rural areas from Paraná State, Southern Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolle Fridlund-Plugge ◽  
Fabiano Montiani-Ferreira ◽  
Rosária R. T. B. Richartz ◽  
Juliano Dal Pizzol ◽  
Pedro C. Machado Jr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Indirect Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Municipal District

Antibodies to Neospora caninum were analyzed by an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT), in stray and domiciled dogs from urban, periurban and rural areas from Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil. Of the total of 556 dogs, 18.17% (101) were positive for N. caninum (titer 50). Frequency of antibody was 12.71 in urban, 15.73 in periurban, and 25.38% in rural dogs. Rural dogs had a significantly higher frequency of antibodies than urban dogs (P< 0.05). There were no significant differences between the frequencies of antibodies in urban and periurban dogs (P>0.05), and between dogs from periurban and rural areas (P>0.05). Antibodies to N. caninum were detected in 34 of 233 domiciled dogs (14.59%) and in 17 of 126 stray dogs (13.49%). No statistical differences were observed considering life-style and geographic location of origin (P>0.05). Neospora caninum is widespread among dogs from urban, periurban and rural areas of the municipal district of Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.

scholarly journals Risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum seropositivity in buffaloes in Paraiba State, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Willian de Lima Brasil ◽  
Roberta Nunes Parentoni ◽  
Thais Ferreira Feitosa ◽  
Camila de Sousa Bezerra ◽  
Vinicius Longo Ribeiro Vilela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Intensive Management ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract The aims of this survey were to determine the frequency of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies and to identify the risk factors associated with seropositivity among buffaloes in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. This survey included 136 buffaloes belonging to 14 herds. To detect anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum antibodies, the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was used. Among the 136 samples analyzed, 17 (12.5%) were positive for anti-T. gondii antibodies with titers ranging from 64 to 1,024, and 26 (19.1%) for anti-N. caninum with titers from 200 to 1,600. Animals seropositive for both T. gondii and N. caninum were found in 10 of the 14 herds (71.4%). Semi-intensive management systems (odds ratio = 2.99) and presence of pigs (odds ratio = 4.33) were identified as risk factors for T. gondii and N. caninum, respectively. It can be suggested that T. gondii and N. caninum are widespread in buffaloes in Paraíba, and that additional surveys are needed in order to ascertain the importance of these agents for this species and for pigs, and the influence of the farming type on occurrences of seropositive animals.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document