scholarly journals Impacts of bracteole removal and seeding rate on seedling emergence of halophyte shrubs: implications for rangeland rehabilitation in arid environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Mounir Louhaichi ◽  
Sawsan Hassan ◽  
Ali Mekki Missaoui ◽  
Serkan Ates ◽  
Steven L. Petersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Seed Processing ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Positive Effect

Direct seeding techniques often result in unsatisfactory outcomes in rangeland rehabilitation, primarily because of low seedling emergence and poor establishment. Seed processing techniques aimed at improving seedling emergence have gained interest by pasture managers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the combined effects of bracteole removal and seeding rate on seedling emergence in seven halophytic species: Atriplex halimus, A. canescens, A. leucoclada, A. nummularia, A. lentiformis, Salsola vermiculata and Haloxylon aphyllum under semi-arid conditions in Tel Hadya (Syria). Each of these species was evaluated for seedling emergence under two seed treatments (bracteoles removed and non-removed bracteoles) with three seeding rates (10, 30 and 60 seeds per pot), in a completely randomised block design. The results showed a positive effect of seed treatment on seedling emergence for all studied species. The native A. halimus had the highest emergence percentages whereas the introduced A. mummularia, had the lowest. However, there were no significant effects of seeding rates on seedling emergence. These results showed that bracteole removal could improve germination and seedling emergence, and potentially increase the rate of establishment of the species studied. Therefore, when implementing rangeland rehabilitation projects, bracteole removal needs to be considered. The native S. vermiculata should be recommended for direct seeding in the West Asia and North Africa region given its high seedling emergence, known high palatability, nutritive value, and high auto-regeneration performance.

scholarly journals Physiological quality, initial establishment and yield of wheat according to the seed treatment method1

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joice Aline Freiberg ◽  
Marcos Paulo Ludwig ◽  
Leticia Decarli ◽  
Eduardo Girotto ◽  
Lucas Navarini
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Physiological Quality

ABSTRACT New technologies are being incorporated to the seed treatment process, such as the use of products on industrial scale. This study aimed at evaluating the seed quality of wheat cultivars, as well as the influence of the seed treatment method on the establishment and yield of this crop. Seeds of the cultivars Jadeite 11, Quartzo and Tec Frontale were treated with the Spectro® fungicide (difenoconazole - 200 mL 100 kg-1 of seeds), Cruiser Opti® insecticide (thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin - 200 mL 100 kg-1 of seeds) and Polifix G4 polymer (100 mL 100 kg-1 of seeds). A completely randomized design, with four replicates, was used. The treatments consisted of industrial treatment, on farm treatment with the same products and control. Germination, first germination count and moisture content tests were carried out immediately after the seed treatment and at 30, 90 and 150 days of storage. Seedling emergence in beds was evaluated at 30, 60 and 120 days of storage. Under a randomized block design, seedling emergence and grain yield were evaluated in the field in two sowing seasons. The conventional or industrial seed treatment methods do not reduce the physiological quality and emergence of high-vigor seeds stored for 150 days, under controlled conditions of temperature and humidity. The conventional or industrial seed treatment with diphenoconazole + thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin + polymer does not increase the wheat crop plant stand and grain yield.

scholarly journals Determining the Effect of Planting Date and Land Preparation Method on Seedling Emergence, Forage Mass, and Forage Nutritive Value of Forage Brassica

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1184
Author(s):  
Tayler D. Denman ◽  
Dennis W. Hancock ◽  
S. Leanne Dillard ◽  
Nicholas T. Basinger ◽  
John D. Hale
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
No Till

Forage brassicas are used as a forage in monoculture and multispecies mixtures, yet research defining best management practices is limited. Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of land preparation method and planting date on establishment, forage mass, and quality of two Brassica species, ‘Inspiration’ canola (Brassica napus L.) and ‘T-Raptor’ hybrid turnip (B. rapa subsp. rapa × B. rapa L.). Each experiment was a randomized complete block design evaluating four land preparation methods: (conventional till (CT), no-till after burning (NB), no-till after mowing (NM), and no-till without residue removal (NR)), and four planting dates: (1 September (S1), 15 September (S15), 1 October (O1), and 15 October (O15)). Significant differences were observed for the canola seedling emergence, but are not of biological significance. Hybrid turnip seedling emergence was the greatest for the CT treatment and consistently greater than NM and NR treatments. Forage mass in the canola study was greatest for the CT and NB. Hybrid turnip forage mass demonstrated similar trends to the canola. CT had the greatest mass and the NR and NM treatments tended to provide the lowest forage mass. Across both studies, earlier planting dates (S1 and S15) resulted in greater overall forage mass than the later planting dates (O1 and O15). Forage nutritive value overall was lower in earlier planted brassica; however, forage nutritive value was not reduced enough to negatively impact livestock.

scholarly journals Introduction of four native legumes of the Canadian Prairies in monoculture and in mixtures with meadow bromegrass (Bromus riparius)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanna Marie Quilichini ◽  
Mike Schellenberg ◽  
Bill Biligetu
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Legume Species ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Bromus Riparius ◽  
Native Legume

Many questions remain concerning the viability and productivity of seeding native legumes in the Canadian Prairies for forage production. Field research was conducted with four native legume species (Astragalus flexuosus, Dalea purpurea, Hedysarum boreale and Vicia americana) to evaluate performance in Swift Current and Saskatoon, SK. The experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design with four replicates to evaluate legume-grass mixtures and monoculture performance, botanical composition and effect of harvest dates (July and August) from 2016 to 2018. The native legume-grass mixtures performed differently at the sites, with greater foliar cover at Saskatoon but greater proportion of legumes in mixtures at Swift Current. The mixtures had similar forage nutritive value as monoculture Bromus riparius, with legumes contributing 10% or less of the forage dry matter yield (DMY) at both sites. A. flexuosus showed the greatest foliar cover and produced the greatest DMY in monoculture at both sites. Based on this study, native legumes would need to make up a larger proportion of forage dry matter yield to change the nutritional value of mixtures. In a subsequent seeding rate evaluation, the four legume species were planted at three seeding rates (300, 200 and 100 pure live seeds [PLS] per metre) and tested for DMY one year following establishment near Swift Current. Increasing seeding rates up to 300 PLS m-1 corresponded with an increase in seedling density and foliar cover, but DMY was not affected. Additional research with A. flexuosus is needed to demonstrate its value as a forage.

Forage nutritive value of sweet basil cultivars affectedby different plant density with corn

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Mabudi Bilasvar ◽  
Saeid Zehtab Salmasi ◽  
Hossein Janmohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Sweet Basil ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Oil Percentage ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Positive Effect

In order to assessment of the effects of different plant density (20, 30, 40 S.B M + 8 C; 20, 30, 40 S.B I + 8 C plants m-2 and sloe cropping of S.B. M40 and S.B. I 40) on forage nutritive value of sweet basil cultivars (Mubarake and Italian large leaf) a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in University of Tabriz, Iran. Results showed that the effect of different plant density of sweet basil cultivars was significant (p is less than 0.05) on dry matter (DM), acid detergent fiber (ADF), ash, crude protein (CP) and oil yield of sweet basil cultivars. However, oil percentage of both sweet basil cultivars was not affected by different plant density with corn plants. DM, ADF, CP percentage and yield and also oil yield of both sweet basil cultivars were significantly decreased as result of different plant density with corn plants, in contrast, ash of both cultivars increased in those treatments. ash, CP%, CP and oil yield of Mubarake cultivars were greater than that of Italian large leaf cultivar in sole plant density. It was concluded that different plant density between sweet basil+ corn had positive effect on forage nutritive value of both sweet basil cultivars.

MODELING AND EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION OF AIR-THERMAL AND MICROWAVE-CONVECTIVE PRESOWING SEED TREATMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (41) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
ALEKSEY A. VASIL’EV ◽  
◽  
ALEKSEY N. VASIL’EV ◽  
DMITRIY BUDNIKOV ◽  
ANTON SHARKO
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Dense Layer ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
External Influence ◽  
Ultra High Frequency ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Seed Processing

The use of electrophysical influences for pre-sowing treatment of seeds is an effective way to increase their sowing quality. The use of these methods is limited by the fact that their implementation requires new technological equipment in grain processing lines. This problem is solved more easily when pre-sowing processing is performed using installations for active ventilation and grain drying. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in determining the possibility of using active ventilation units and ultra-high-frequency convective grain dryers for pre-sowing grain processing and to evaluating the effectiveness of such processing using computer modeling. (Materials and methods) It is necessary to ensure the uniformity of processing with external influence the seeds placed in a dense layer. Authors carried out pre-sowing treatment of seeds on real installations. Treated seeds were sown in experimental plots and the results of treatment were evaluated. (Results and discussion) The article presents graphs of changes in grain temperature and humidity during processing. To check the feasibility of pre-sowing treatment, authors performed modeling of air-heat and ultra-high-frequency convective seed treatment processes. Based on the results of field experiments, air-heat treatment stimulates the development of secondary plant roots, contributes to an intensive increase in the green mass of plants; ultra-high-frequency convective seed treatment allows increasing the number of productive stems in plants, the number of ears in one plant. (Conclusions) Technological equipment designed for drying and active ventilation of grain can be effectively used for pre-sowing seed processing. In the course of field experiments, it was revealed the possibility of controlling the structure of the crop using different types of external influence on seeds during their pre-sowing processing.

Effects of Seeding Rate on the Dry Matter Yield and Nutritive Value of Fall‐Grown Oat

cftm ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne K. Coblentz ◽  
Jason S. Cavadini
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Seeding Rate

scholarly journals The influence of fencing on seedling establishment during reforestation of oak stands: a comparison of artificial and natural regeneration techniques including costs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Löf ◽  
Julien Barrere ◽  
Mattias Engman ◽  
Linda K. Petersson ◽  
Adrian Villalobos
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Recruitment Rate ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Vegetation Control ◽  
Efficient Regeneration ◽  
Temperate Europe ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Establishment Rate ◽  
Block Experiment

AbstractIn temperate Europe, oak-dominated forests are widespread, supporting high biodiversity and providing important ecosystem services. Insufficient natural regeneration has, however, been a concern for over a century. The objective of this study was to gain insights into differences in regeneration success using artificial and natural regeneration techniques for reforestation of oak (Quercus robur L.) stands. We monitored seedlings following planting, direct seeding and natural regeneration over five years in a randomized block experiment in southern Sweden with fenced and non-fenced plots. Fencing had a strong positive effect on height growth, especially for planted seedlings that were taller than the other seedlings and more frequently browsed in non-fenced plots. In contrast, there was little effect of fencing on survival, establishment rate and recruitment rate of seedlings. Due to aboveground damage on seedlings from voles, protection of acorns did not improve establishment rate following direct seeding. Under current circumstances at the site with a sparse shelterwood of old oaks, we conclude that natural regeneration was the most cost-efficient regeneration method. It resulted in the most seedlings at the lowest cost. However, regeneration success was heavily influenced by interference from herbaceous vegetation. With a small additional investment in vegetation control, the results might have been improved for planting and direct seeding.

scholarly journals 145 Stocker gains on diverse summer annual pastures

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 28-29
Author(s):  
Kelly Mercier ◽  
Chris Teutsch ◽  
Ray Smith ◽  
Eric Vanzant ◽  
Kenny Burdine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Vegetative State ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Sunn Hemp ◽  
Sorghum Sudangrass ◽  
Forage Utilization

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine if increasing forage botanical diversity improved stocker gains on warm-season annual (WSA) pastures. An opportunity exists to add extra gain on fall-born calves by grazing summer pastures after spring weaning and selling at a more favorable late summer market. However, cool-season perennial pastures in the Mid-South often have insufficient quality and yield to support desired summer gains. Therefore, the improved production and nutritive value of WSA forages shows promise in this system. A study was conducted near Princeton, KY, where calves (329, 366, and 297 kg in 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively) grazed one of three WSA forage treatments without supplementation in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments included 1) sorghum-sudangrass monoculture (MONO), 2) simple mixture (SIMPLE = sorghum-sudangrass, pearl millet, soybean), and 3) complex mixture (COMPLEX = SIMPLE + sudangrass, corn, crabgrass, cowpea, sunflower, sunn hemp, daikon radish, forage rape, Korean lespedeza). In 2017, MONO and SIMPLE calves had higher average daily gain (ADG) than COMPLEX calves (0.79 kg/day vs. 0.66 kg/day, P < 0.03). In 2018, no differences in ADG were detected among treatments (P > 0.3); however, calves only gained 0.01 kg/day. In 2019, MONO and SIMPLE calves again had higher ADG than COMPLEX calves (0.59 kg/day vs. 0.43 kg/day, P < 0.03). The exceptionally low 2018 ADG was likely due to the higher nutritional demand of heavier calves and the lower nutritive value of mature forages compared to other years. In conclusion, complex WSA forage mixtures did not offer any improvement in animal performance, and proper management of all WSA forages (maintaining a vegetative state) is paramount to achieving adequate gains on stockers without supplementation; however, supplementation may be necessary to improve WSA forage utilization in the rumen, potentially leading to more favorable gains.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document