Pilot of non-invasive (oral fluid) testing for HIV within a community setting

Sexual Health ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Birrell ◽  
Shaun Staunton ◽  
Joseph Debattista ◽  
Nicole Roudenko ◽  
William Rutkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hiv Antibodies ◽  
Undiagnosed Hiv ◽  
Gay Bars ◽  
Sex With Men

Background: The present study sought to determine the level of undiagnosed HIV infection within a community setting of men who have sex with men (MSM) and identify any associated sexual risk behaviours. Methods: A total of 427 MSM were recruited in sex-on-premises venues (SOPV) and gay bars within the inner city of Brisbane. An additional 37 MSM were recruited in a smaller, regional centre (Toowoomba). Oral fluid testing for HIV antibodies was undertaken using the Orasure collection system and assay. Each participant was invited to complete a brief behaviour questionnaire and submit an oral fluid specimen. Confirmed serology results were linked to reported sexual behaviours, testing patterns and HIV status. Results: Of the 464 men surveyed, 33 identified as HIV-positive, and all of these were reactive by the Orasure assay. A further eight people who identified as negative or unknown serostatus, had confirmed Orasure reactive results, resulting in 1.9% of the ‘non-HIV positive’ MSM sample unaware of their positive HIV status. Therefore, 19.5% of the total confirmed HIV-positive individuals were not aware of their true serostatus. Conclusions: A significant minority of HIV-positive MSM are currently unaware of their positive serostatus. However, an analysis of their risk behaviour does not seem to indicate any significant difference to those who are HIV-negative. Interestingly, 86% of those who were unaware they were HIV-positive identified that they had been tested in the previous 6 months and all of them claimed to have been tested in the previous 2 years.

42. PILOT OF NON-INVASIVE (ORAL FLUID) TESTING FOR HIV WITHIN A COMMUNITY SETTING

Sexual Health ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
S. Staunton ◽  
J. Debattista ◽  
N. Roudenko ◽  
C. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Numerical Code ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviour ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Hiv Surveillance ◽  
Hiv Antibodies ◽  
Gay Bars

An anonymous HIV surveillance study was conducted to determine the prevalence of HIV amongst patrons attending gay recreational venues, the level of undiagnosed HIV infection and to identify sexual risk behaviour associated with HIV positive, HIV negative and unknown serostatus. 427 men who have sex with men were recruited over a period of one week in various sex on premises venues and gay bars within the inner city of Brisbane. Oral fluid testing for HIV antibodies was undertaken using the Orasure collection system and assay. Each participant was invited to complete a brief behaviour questionnaire and submit an oral fluid specimen. Participants were also asked their HIV status. Surveys and specimens were linked using an anonymous numerical code. Surveys were analysed using Epi-Info. Oral swabs were tested for the presence of HIV antibodies and any reactive specimens were confirmed using an Orasure western Blot. Confirmed serology results were linked to reported sexual behaviours, testing patterns and HIV status. The results of this study - sexual and testing behaviour correlated with serostatus- and implications for HIV prevention programs will be presented. As well as that, discussions will be held regarding the community response to the project.

scholarly journals Primary and secondary supportive partnerships among HIV-positive and HIV-negative middle-aged and older gay men

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0245863
Author(s):  
Matthew Statz ◽  
Deanna Ware ◽  
Nicholas Perry ◽  
David Huebner ◽  
Christopher Cox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Partnership Status ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Older Gay Men ◽  
Hiv Negative

This study describes the primary and secondary partnerships of aging gay men participating in the Understanding Patterns of Healthy Aging Among Men Who Have Sex with Men substudy of the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study and examines differences in the prevalence of these relationship structures by HIV status while adjusting for age, education, and race/ethnicity. Relationships were compared within the following structural categories: “only a primary partnership”, “only a secondary partnership”, “both a primary and secondary relationship”, or “neither a primary nor secondary relationship”. There were 1,054 participants (51.9% HIV negative/48.1% HIV positive) included in the study. Participants had a median age of 62.0 years (interquartile range: 56.0–67.0) and most reported being non-Hispanic white (74.6%) and college educated (88.0%). Of the 1,004 participants with available partnership status data, 384 (38.2%) reported no primary or secondary partnerships, 108 (10.8%) reported secondary-only partnership, 385 (38.3%) reported primary-only partnership, and 127 (12.6%) reported both primary and secondary partnerships. Of participants who reported primary partnerships only, the prevalence rates (PRs) were lower among those 62 years and older, HIV positive, black non-Hispanic and Hispanics. Of participants who reported only having a secondary partnership, the PRs were higher among those 62 years and older and HIV positive. Of participants who did not report having either a primary or secondary partnership, the PRs were higher among those 62 years and older, HIV positive, and black non-Hispanic compared with their respective referent groups. There was no significant difference in PRs of having both primary and secondary partnerships by age category, HIV status, race/ethnicity, and education. This study aimed to fill a knowledge gap in the literature regarding both primary and secondary supportive partnerships among aging HIV-positive and HIV-negative gay men.

scholarly journals Sexual behaviour patterns and STI risk: results of a cluster analysis among men who have sex with men in Portugal

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e033290
Author(s):  
Karel Blondeel ◽  
Sonia Dias ◽  
Martina Furegato ◽  
Armando Seuc ◽  
Ana Gama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Combination Prevention ◽  
Sex With Men

ObjectivesPortugal has the highest HIV incidence rate in Western Europe. The proportion assigned to sexual contact between men recently increased to more than 30% of all HIV infections. Men who have sex with men (MSM) are vulnerable to the acquisition of other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), increasing the per-contact risk of HIV infection. Building on syndemic theory, the aim of this analysis was to identify patterns of current sexual behaviour in MSM, and explore their relationship with self-reported current, past STI diagnoses and HIV positive serostatus.DesignA cross-sectional behavioural survey was conducted in Portugal among MSM, using a community-based participatory research approach. Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to identify patterns including behavioural and demographic factors.ResultsThe analysis resulted in six clusters. Three clusters showed higher rates of current STI diagnosis (ranging from 11.7% to 17.1%), past STI diagnosis (ranging from 25.5% to 41.5%) and HIV positive serostatus (ranging from 13.0% to 16.7%). From the three clusters scoring lower on current and past STI and HIV diagnoses, one was characterised by a high number of sexual partners (62% had more than 12 partners in the last year), a high proportion (94.6%) of frequent visits to gay venues to meet sexual partners and high alcohol use (46.1%). The other two clusters scored lower on high risk sexual behaviour.ConclusionFactors other than sexual behaviour appear to reinforce the vulnerability to STIs and HIV of some MSM in this study, suggesting a syndemic of STIs, HIV and other adverse conditions. More research is needed to better understand the drivers of the STI/HIV epidemic in Portuguese MSM, using a concept that goes beyond risk behaviour, to develop effective combination prevention interventions.

HIV-Related Attitudes and Intentions for High-Risk, Substance-Using Men Who Have Sex With Men: Associations and Clinical Implications for HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative MSM

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Mansergh ◽  
David J. McKirnan ◽  
Stephen A. Flores ◽  
Sharon M. Hudson ◽  
Beryl A. Koblin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Safer Sex ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Negative ◽  
Hiv Positive Men

This study compared HIV-related attitudes and intentions by respondent HIV-status in a large sample of substance-using men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States. Attitudes and intentions included self-efficacy for safer sex; difficulty communicating with sex partners about safer sex; intent to use condoms consistently and to not use substances before sex in the next 3 months; and less concern for HIV given effective antiviral treatments. Differences were found for behavior during the most recent anal sex encounter by HIV-status, including (a) insertive and (b) receptive anal sex risk behavior, and (c) substance use before or during the encounter. Self-efficacy for safer sex was associated with less risk behavior among HIV-negative men but not among HIV-positive men, suggesting that self-efficacy for safer sex continues to be a relevant issue to address in counseling uninfected MSM. HIV-positive men who reported less concern for HIV given treatments were more likely to report receptive risk behavior, as were HIV-negative men who reported difficulty communicating about safer sex. Implications are discussed for potentially heightened client desire and therapeutic opportunity to reduce future substance use during sex for clients who report recent substance use during sex.

scholarly journals 423. Self-Reported Screening for Rectal Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Men Who Have Sex with Men

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S212-S213
Author(s):  
Timothy William. Menza ◽  
Lauren Lipira ◽  
Amisha Bhattarai ◽  
Joseph Ramirez ◽  
Roberto Orellana
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Negative ◽  
Hiv Positive Men

Abstract Background Rectal gonorrhea and Chlamydia are common and predict HIV acquisition among men who have sex with men (MSM); however, screening for rectal sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is not routine. Methods In 2017, we recruited sexually-active MSM in the Portland, Oregon metropolitan area through venue-based sampling. Our outcome of interest was self-reported rectal STI screening in the prior 12 months. Stratified by HIV status, we assessed the prevalence and demographic, healthcare, clinical, and behavioral predictors of screening. Results Of 448 participants, 168 (37.5%) reported rectal STI screening. One hundred twenty-seven (35.8%) of 355 HIV-negative men, 41 (58.6%) of 70 HIV-positive men, and none of 23 men who did not know their HIV status reported screening. Among HIV-negative men, having a healthcare provider who offered HIV testing (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR]=2.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.43, 3.04), a syphilis diagnosis (aPR=1.32; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.69), use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (aPR=1.57; 95% CI 1.21, 2.04), and condomless anal sex with casual partners in the prior 12 months (aPR=1.74; 95% CI: 1.36, 2.22) independently predicted screening for rectal STI in multivariable analysis. HIV-positive men who reported having a provider who always or often initiates conversations about sex were significantly more likely to report screening compared with men who did not have such a provider (aPR=1.48; 95% CI: 1.06, 2.06). Conclusion Rectal STI screening is not universal in a venue-based sample of sexually-active MSM. Implementing innovative, acceptable, and accessible screening practices and improving provider comfort with talking about sex are paramount to increasing rectal STI screening. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Patterns of sexualised recreational drug use and its association with risk behaviours and sexual health outcomes in men who have sex with men in London, UK: a comparison of cross-sectional studies conducted in 2013 and 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyrone J Curtis ◽  
Alison J Rodger ◽  
Fiona Burns ◽  
Anthony Nardone ◽  
Andrew Copas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Health ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Unknown Status ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Negative ◽  
Hiv Positive Men

ObjectiveLondon has one of the highest identified prevalence of chemsex (sexualised recreational drug use) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Europe. We examine MSM’s patterns of chemsex and its association with HIV/STI risk behaviours, STI diagnoses and sexual healthcare-seeking behaviours, including if HIV testing behaviour met UK national guidelines (three monthly if engaging in chemsex).MethodsCross-sectional survey data from 2013 (n=905) and 2016 (n=739) were collected using anonymous, self-administered questionnaires from MSM recruited in commercial gay venues in London, UK. Descriptive and multivariable analyses, stratified by self-reported HIV status, were conducted. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) with 95% CIs were calculated.ResultsComparing the 2013 and 2016 surveys, chemsex prevalence in the past year remained stable, in both HIV-negative/unknown-status MSM (20.9% in 2013 vs 18.7% in 2016, p=0.301) and HIV-positive MSM (41.6% in 2013 vs 41.7% in 2016, p=0.992). Combined 2013–2016 data showed that compared with other MSM, those reporting chemsex were more likely to report HIV/STI risk behaviours, including condomless anal intercourse with serodifferent HIV-status partners (HIV-negative/unknown-status men: aPR 2.36, 95% CI 1.68 to 3.30; HIV-positive men: aPR 4.19, 95% CI 1.85 to 9.50), and STI diagnoses in the past year (HIV-negative/unknown-status men: aPR 2.10, 95% CI 1.64 to 2.69; HIV-positive men: aPR 2.56, 95% CI 1.57 to 4.20). 68.6% of HIV-negative/unknown-status men reporting chemsex attended sexual health clinics and 47.6% had tested for HIV more than once in the past year.ConclusionsChemsex in London MSM remained stable but high, particularly among HIV-positive men. Irrespective of HIV status, chemsex was associated with engagement in HIV/STI risk behaviours. Frequency of HIV testing in the past year among HIV-negative/unknown-status men was below national recommendations. Promoting combination prevention strategies, including three monthly HIV/STI testing, access to pre-exposure prophylaxis/antiretroviral treatment and behavioural interventions among MSM reporting chemsex, remains vital to address sexual health inequalities in MSM.

scholarly journals PD-L1 protein expression and copy number gains in HIV-positive locally advanced cervical cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175883592096300
Author(s):  
Kongsak Loharamtaweethong ◽  
Napaporn Puripat ◽  
Niphon Praditphol ◽  
Jidapa Thammasiri ◽  
Siriwan Tangitgamol
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Parametrial Invasion ◽  
Programmed Death ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hiv Negative

Background: The programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) axis may represent a target for cervical cancer; however, it is poorly understood in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Methods: We evaluated HIV-positive ( n = 42) and HIV-negative ( n = 110) women with locally advanced cervical cancer regarding their PD-L1 expression, determined by combined positive score (CPS) ⩾ 1 and tumor proportion score (TPS) ⩾ 25%, and PD-L1 copy number alterations, assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Results: Regardless of HIV status, 84.9% and 44.8% of cases were PD-L1-positive according to CPS ⩾ 1 and TPS ⩾ 25%. Per CPS ⩾ 1, PD-L1 positive rate was similar between HIV-positive and HIV-negative women, whereas a significant difference was seen per TPS ⩾ 25%. Tumor size and parametrial invasion were correlated with PD-L1 positivity in HIV-negative women, whereas anti-retroviral therapy (ART) was correlated with TPS < 25%. Low CD4-positive cell counts were associated with CPS < 1 in HIV-positive women. No significant difference was observed in PD-L1 copy number status between HIV-positive and HIV-negative women. PD-L1 amplification and polysomy were independently associated with TPS ⩾ 25%, whereas the presence of parametrial invasion was independently associated with CPS ⩾ 1. Cancer stage and PD-L1 amplification were identified as independent predictors of recurrence-free survival [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.40 (1.32–4.36) and HR = 5.33 (1.94–14.61)] and cancer-specific survival [HR = 13.62 (5.1–36.38) and HR = 3.53 (1.43–8.69)]. PD-L1 polysomy was an independent predictor of locoregional recurrence-free survival [HR = 3.27 (1.27–8.41)]. HIV status and PD-L1 expression (CPS ⩾ 1 or TPS ⩾ 25%) were not associated with poor patient outcomes. Conclusion: PD-L1 amplification and polysomy are the strongest drivers of PD-L1 expression in cervical cancer, and could represent prognostic biomarkers for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. Cervical cancer biology may be modulated by HIV infection, CD4-positive cells, and HIV treatments.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of High Carcinogenic Risk of HPV Genotypes among HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative MSM from Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ilia Beliakov ◽  
Maria Senina ◽  
Yuriy Tyulenev ◽  
Elena Novoselova ◽  
Viktor Surovtsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Negative

Objective. Men who have sex with men (MSM) have a high risk of lifelong anal cancer caused by high-risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV) infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anal canal HR HPV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) with and without HIV infection in Moscow (Russia). We evaluated associations of some HIV coinfections (HSV and CMV) and HPV distribution among MSM with and without HIV infection. Methods. Two groups of HIV-positive (n = 60) and HIV-negative (n = 60) MSM were evaluated in the study. Fourteen high-risk (HR) HPV types, HSV1/2, and CMV were investigated in men anal swabs. Results. HR HPVs were found with nearly the same frequency of 66.7% in both groups: HIV-positive and HIV-negative MSM. HIV-positive status was statistically associated with the presence of several (more than two) HPV types ( p = 0.044 ). The most prevalent HR HPV genotypes were HPV18, HPV16, HPV56, and HPV33 for HIV-positive MSM and HPV56, HPV51, HPV66, and HPV16 for HIV-negatives. We found a statistically significant association of five HR HPV types with HIV status of MSM: HPV16 ( p = 0.028 ), HPV18 ( p = 0.00006 ), HPV58 ( p = 0.003 ), HPV33 ( p = 0.019 ), and HPV39 ( p = 0.026 ). The frequency of HSV1 (1.7%) and HSV2 (10%) infections and CMV (3.3%) infection was evaluated in the group of HIV-positive MSM. The frequency of HSV1 (5%) and HSV2 (6.7%) infections and CMV (0%) infection was evaluated, as well, in the group of HIV-negative MSM. Conclusion. Multiple HPV genotypes were detected significantly more often than single HPV genotype in the group of HIV-positive MSM. According to our data, 25% of HIV-positive MSM have HPV39; this is the only one of the five types of HR HPV (16, 18, 58, 33, and 39) associated with this group of MSM that has not yet been included in the HPV vaccines available on the market.

Computer-assisted survey of attitudes to HIV and sexually transmissible infection partner notification in HIV-positive men who have sex with men

Sexual Health ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare L. N. Woodward ◽  
Sherie Roedling ◽  
Simon G. Edwards ◽  
Alice Armstrong ◽  
John Richens
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Partner Notification ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Median Rating

Background: HIV infection continues to rise in men who have sex with men (MSM) in the UK. Of concern are the high rates of sexually transmissible infections (STI) among HIV-positive MSM, as this is associated with onward HIV transmission. Conventional partner notification (PN) may be limited in this group by the presence of multiple non-contactable partners and the fear of breach of HIV status. Methods: We explored attitudes to PN in HIV-positive MSM having an STI screen using a computer-assisted self interview. Results and Conclusion: Our study shows HIV+ MSM, rate conventional methods of PN highly (median rating 8/10) but are also supportive of new approaches to PN particularly anonymous email when linked to website information. They would also be open to targeted interventions such as peer recruitment.

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