Effect of phosphate solubilising bacteria (Enterobacter cloacae) on phosphorus uptake efficiency in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.)

Soil Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 333
Author(s):  
Saeed Safirzadeh ◽  
Mostafa Chorom ◽  
Naeimeh Enayatizamir
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Specific Root Length ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Available P ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Uptake Efficiency ◽  
P Influx

Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient in sustainable production of sugarcane. Due to low labile P in soil under sugarcane cultivation, evaluation of the efficiency of P uptake and the application of phosphate solubilising bacteria (PSB) play important roles in management of P fertiliser. To investigate the effect of using PSB on P uptake in sugarcane (variety CP57–614), a pot experiment was conducted with three replications in greenhouse conditions. The treatments were a combination of three P rates (0 (P0), 50 and 100% (~40 mg kg−1) as triple superphosphate, and two PSB strains (Enterobacter cloacae R13 (R13) and R33 (R33)) which were applied independently and simultaneously. Morphological characteristics of sugarcane and some biochemical parameters were evaluated in the rhizosphere at three harvesting times: 60, 95 and 140 days after planting (DAP). Whereas in low available P (P0), bacterial strain R33 improved P uptake along with sugarcane ageing, P uptake was diminished in non-inoculated treatment over time. Activity of PSBs in the rhizosphere (especially strain R33) prevented the sharp fall of P influx after 95 DAP in low available P condition. Indeed, activity of R33 in the rhizosphere decreased the dependence of P uptake on root development via improving P uptake. Therefore, influx was the main mechanism of P uptake in sugarcane. Sugarcane inoculated by PSBs acquired 76 and 81% of total P uptake from non-Olsen-P fraction in P0R13 and P0R33 respectively at 95 DAP. However, this amount was lower (70.4%) in P0R0. Furthermore, strain R33 improved P uptake efficiency in sugarcane by changing root morphology (e.g. specific root length and root length) and reducing soil limitations (e.g. enhancement of P compound solubility and P influx).

Linking root traits to superior phosphorus uptake and utilisation efficiency in three Fabales in the Core Cape Subregion, South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dunja MacAlister ◽  
A. Muthama Muasya ◽  
Samson B. M. Chimphango
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Specific Root Length ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
N Availability ◽  
P Acquisition ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Polygala Myrtifolia

In the low-P soil of the fynbos biome, plants have evolved several morphological and physiological P acquisition and use mechanisms, leading to variable uptake and use efficiencies. We expected that plants grown in low-P soils would exhibit greater P acquisition traits and hypothesised that Aspalathus linearis (Burm. f.) R. Dahlgren, a cluster-root-forming species adapted to drier and infertile soils, would be the most efficient at P acquisition compared with other species. Three fynbos Fabales species were studied: A. linearis and Podalyria calyptrata (Retz.) Willd, both legumes, and Polygala myrtifolia L., a nonlegume. A potted experiment was conducted where the species were grown in two soil types with high P (41.18 mg kg–1) and low P (9.79 mg kg–1). At harvest, biomass accumulation, foliar nutrients and P acquisition mechanisms were assessed. Polygala myrtifolia developed a root system with greater specific root length, root hair width and an average root diameter that exuded a greater amount of citrate and, contrary to the hypothesis, exhibited greater whole-plant P uptake efficiency. However, P. calyptrata had higher P use efficiency, influenced by N availability through N2 fixation. Specific root length, root length and root : shoot ratio were promising morphological traits for efficient foraging of P, whereas acid phosphatase exudation was the best physiological trait for solubilisation of P.

Sex-specifically responsive strategies to phosphorus availability combined with different soil nitrogen forms in dioecious Populus cathayana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiucheng Liu ◽  
Yuting Wang ◽  
Shuangri Liu ◽  
Miao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Root Length Density ◽  
Specific Root Length ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
Populus Cathayana ◽  
Leaf P ◽  
P Supply

Abstract Aims Phosphorus (P) availability and efficiency are especially important for plant growth and productivity. However, the sex-specific P acquisition and utilization strategies of dioecious plant species under different N forms are not clear. Methods This study investigated the responsive mechanisms of dioecious Populus cathayana females and males based on P uptake and allocation to soil P supply under N deficiency, nitrate (NO3 −) and ammonium (NH4 +) supply. Important Findings Females had a greater biomass, root length density (RLD), specific root length (SRL) and shoot P concentration than males under normal P availability with two N supplies. NH4 + supply led to higher total root length, RLD and SRL but lower root tip number than NO3 − supply under normal P supply. Under P deficiency, males showed a smaller root system but greater photosynthetic P availability and higher leaf P remobilization, exhibiting a better capacity to adaptation to P-deficiency than females. Under P deficiency, NO3 − supply increased leaf photosynthesis and PUE but reduced RLD and SRL in females while males had higher leaf P redistribution and photosynthetic PUE than NH4 + supply. Females had a better potentiality to cope with P deficiency under NO3 − supply than NH4 + supply; the contrary was true for males. These results suggest that females may devote to increase in P uptake and shoot P allocation under normal P availability, especially under NO3 − supply, while males adopt more efficient resource use and P remobilization to maximum their tolerance to P-deficiency.

scholarly journals Phosphorus Uptake and Utilization Efficiency in Peanut1

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
P Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
P Accumulation ◽  
Total P

Abstract Cultivars of a crop can differ genetically with respect to their uptake, translocation, accumulation, and use of phosphorus. The objective of this paper was to evaluate genetic variation for P uptake and utilization among peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes. Several traits contribute to the total P efficiency of the genotype, including root length, rate of P uptake per unit root length, leaf and pod characters such as P accumulation, and dry matter/yield produced per unit P absorbed [i.e., P efficiency ratio (PER)]. Peanut genotypes with increased P uptake and higher PER were identified. Some genotypes sustained higher PER at both low and high soil P availabilities.

scholarly journals Increased planting density of Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus) weakens phosphorus uptake advantage by rapeseed (Brassica napus) in a mixed cropping system

AoB Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deshan Zhang ◽  
Hongbo Li ◽  
Zishi Fu ◽  
Shumei Cai ◽  
Sixin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Mixed Cropping ◽  
Total Root Length ◽  
Chinese Milk Vetch

Abstract Neighbouring plants can affect plant growth through altering root morphological and physiological traits, but how exactly root systems respond to neighbouring plants with varied density, determining nutrient uptake and shoot growth is poorly understood. In a pot-based experiment, rapeseed was grown alone (single rapeseed), or mixed with 3, 6, or 15 Chinese milk vetch plants. As controls, monocropped Chinese milk vetch was grown at the same planting density, 3, 6, or 15 plants per pot. Root interaction between rapeseed and Chinese milk vetch facilitated phosphorus (P) uptake in rapeseed grown with 3 plants of Chinese milk vetch. As the planting density of Chinese milk vetch in mixture increased, there was a decrease in citrate concentration and acid phosphatase activity but an increase in the total root length of Chinese milk vetch per pot, resulting in decreases in rapeseed root biomass, total root length and P uptake when rapeseed was grown with 6 or 15 Chinese milk vetch plants relative to rapeseed grown with 3 plants. These results demonstrate that the enhanced nutrient utilization induced by root interaction at low planting densities was eliminated by the increased planting density of the legume species in rapeseed/Chinese milk vetch mixed cropping system, suggesting that root/rhizosphere management through optimizing legume planting density is important for improving crop productivity and nutrient-use efficiency.

scholarly journals The influence of different intensities of phosphorus fertilizing on available phosphorus contents in soils and uptake by plants

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 382-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kulhánek ◽  
J. Balík ◽  
J. Černý ◽  
V. Nedvěd ◽  
B. Kotková
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Available P ◽  
Statistical Dependence ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Organic And Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
P Application ◽  
Spearman Test

A gradual increase of phosphorus (P) concentrations in combination with organic and mineral fertilizers was applied to clayey soils at six precise experimental field sites with different climatic conditions within the Czech Republic. Soil samples were collected after the harvest of barley. Readily available P concentrations were determined using water and 0.01M CaCl<sub>2</sub> extractions, mobile phosphate contents were determined using the extraction procedures Mehlich 3 and Olsen. Furthermore, P uptake by barley plants was assessed. All selected procedures showed that increasing concentrations of applied P increased the mobile and readily available P contents in soils. Phosphorus uptake by barley plants ranged between 9.00 and 14.5 kg/ha and increased P application resulted in increased P concentrations in plants. Statistical analyses were performed using the Spearman test. The closest relationship was obtained for P uptake by plants and the water extraction (<i>r</i> = 0.81). Significant relationships were also obtained for plant uptake and the Mehlich 3 and CaCl<sub>2</sub> methods (<i>r</i> = 0.40 and 0.36, respectively). There was no statistical dependence between P uptake and the Olsen method (<i>r</i> = 0.25). Regression analysis was expressed best as linear regression. The closest relationship was found for water extracts and P uptake by plants (with a determination coefficient of 65%). Determination coefficients for P uptake and other methods used were significantly lower (max. 20%).

scholarly journals Corn root morphoanatomy at different development stages and yield under water stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Corrêa de Souza ◽  
Paulo César Magalhães ◽  
Evaristo Mauro de Castro ◽  
Vinícius Politi Duarte ◽  
Alyne Oliveira Lavinsky
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Specific Root Length ◽  
Root Anatomy ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Cumulative Stress

Abstract: The objective of this work was to characterize the morphoanatomy of roots and the yield traits of two corn hybrids contrasting for drought tolerance (DKB 390, tolerant; and BRS 1030, sensitive), at different stages of development. Water deficit was imposed for ten days, in a greenhouse, at three growth stages: V5, VT, and R3. These treatments were combined to generate cumulative stress during the plant cycle, as: V5VT, V5R3, VTR3, and V5VTR3. The following were analyzed: root anatomy; proportion of aerenchyma in the cortex; metaxylem number and diameter; phloem thickness; as well as morphological characteristics, such as root length, volume, and surface area, specific root length, length of fine roots, grain yield, and ear length and diameter. Development stage affected the responses to stress: DKB 390 showed the best performance for root morphoanatomy and yield traits, under drought stress, at the reproductive stages, mainly R3, and in the treatments with cumulative stress, especially V5VTR3; whereas BRS 1030 presented higher means for the studied parameters, mainly at the V5 and VT stages, but did not show a higher grain yield under water stress. The greater tolerance of the DKB 390 hybrid to water deficit is probably linked with a memory of pre-exposure to water stress at different growth stages.

scholarly journals Deciphering the change in root system architectural traits under limiting and non-limiting phosphorus in Indian bread wheat germplasm

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0255840
Author(s):  
Palaparthi Dharmateja ◽  
Manjeet Kumar ◽  
Rakesh Pandey ◽  
Pranab Kumar Mandal ◽  
Prashanth Babu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
System Architectures ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Uptake Efficiency ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Use Efficiency

The root system architectures (RSAs) largely decide the phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) of plants by influencing the phosphorus uptake. Very limited information is available on wheat’s RSAs and their deciding factors affecting phosphorus uptake efficiency (PupE) due to difficulties in adopting scoring values used for evaluating root traits. Based on our earlier research experience on nitrogen uptake efficiency screening under, hydroponics and soil-filled pot conditions, a comprehensive study on 182 Indian bread wheat genotypes was carried out under hydroponics with limited P (LP) and non-limiting P (NLP) conditions. The findings revealed a significant genetic variation, root traits correlation, and moderate to high heritability for RSAs traits namely primary root length (PRL), total root length (TRL), total root surface area (TSA), root average diameter (RAD), total root volume (TRV), total root tips (TRT) and total root forks (TRF). In LP, the expressions of TRL, TRV, TSA, TRT and TRF were enhanced while PRL and RAD were diminished. An almost similar pattern of correlations among the RSAs was also observed in both conditions except for RAD. RAD exhibited significant negative correlations with PRL, TRL, TSA, TRT and TRF under LP (r = -0.45, r = -0.35, r = -0.16, r = -0.30, and r = -0.28 respectively). The subclass of TRL, TSA, TRV and TRT representing the 0–0.5 mm diameter had a higher root distribution percentage in LP than NLP. Comparatively wide range of H’ value i.e. 0.43 to 0.97 in LP than NLP indicates that expression pattern of these traits are highly influenced by the level of P. In which, RAD (0.43) expression was reduced in LP, and expressions of TRF (0.91) and TSA (0.97) were significantly enhanced. The principal component analysis for grouping of traits and genotypes over LP and NLP revealed a high PC1 score indicating the presence of non-crossover interactions. Based on the comprehensive P response index value (CPRI value), the top five highly P efficient wheat genotypes namely BW 181, BW 103, BW 104, BW 143 and BW 66, were identified. Considering the future need for developing resource-efficient wheat varieties, these genotypes would serve as valuable genetic sources for improving P efficiency in wheat cultivars. This set of genotypes would also help in understanding the genetic architecture of a complex trait like P use efficiency.

scholarly journals Rice increases phosphorus uptake in strongly sorbing soils by intra-root facilitation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian W. Kuppe ◽  
Guy J D Kirk ◽  
Matthias Wissuwa ◽  
Johannes A Postma
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Root Length Density ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Ph Changes ◽  
Novel Model

Upland rice (Oryza sativa) is adapted to strongly phosphorus (P) sorbing soils. The mechanisms underlying P acquisition, however, are not well understood, and models typically underestimate uptake. This complicates root ideotype development and trait-based selection for further improvement. We present a novel model, which correctly simulates the P uptake by a P-efficient rice genotype measured over 48 days of growth. The model represents root morphology at the local rhizosphere scale, including root hairs and fine S-type laterals. It simulates fast-and slowly reacting soil P and the P-solubilizing effect of root-induced pH changes in the soil. Simulations predict that the zone of pH changes and P solubilization around a root spreads further into the soil than the zone of P depletion. A root needs to place laterals outside its depletion-but inside its solubilization zone to maximize P uptake. S-type laterals, which are short but hairy, appear to be the key root structures to achieve that. Thus, thicker roots facilitate the P uptake by fine lateral roots. Uptake can be enhanced through longer root hairs and greater root length density but was less sensitive to total root length and root class proportions.

scholarly journals Effect of Sources, Split and Foliar Application of KCl and KClO3 on Availability and Uptake of Phosphorus in Aerobic Rice

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
P. Anji Babu ◽  
K. Omar Hattab ◽  
L. Aruna ◽  
R. Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Available P ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Aerobic Rice ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Aim: To investigate the effect of KCl and KClO3 as sources of potassium in aerobic rice with four types of split doses and two levels of foliar applications of potassium. Study Design: The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. Place and Duration of Study: Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru College of Agriculture and Research Institute, Karaikal, Puducherry. Methodology : The rice variety PMK 4 was tested with two sources of potassium viz., Potassium chloride (KCl) and Potassium chlorate (KClO3), four types of split application viz., K control (S1), basal with no split (S2), two splits (S3) and three splits (S4) along with foliar application treatments viz., no foliar (F1) and foliar spray (F2). Results: The results of a field experiment revealed that the two splits of potassium increased the available P at the active tillering stage and harvest stage. Whereas, three splits increased the available P at panicle imitation and flowering stage. The KCl recorded higher available P at panicle initiation and harvest stages. The high phosphorus uptake was recorded in panicle initiation and flowering stages by three splits application of potassium. In grain also, especially the three splits through KClO3 recorded higher P uptake. Conclusion: The split applications tested in this investigation influenced the available phosphorus status in soil and phosphorus uptake. Increase in splits of potassium increased the P uptake. This result is in agreement with the results of Mitra et al. [1] who observed a significant increase in the uptake of N, P, K and S by increased level of K in Kharif rice.

scholarly journals The effect of combination of indigenous phosphate solubilizing bacteria of Riau, Indonesia on the available phosphorus and phosphorus uptake of soybean

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-150
Author(s):  
LUFITANUR ALFIAH ◽  
DELITA ZUL ◽  
NELVIA NELVIA
Keyword(s):  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Available P ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing

Alfiah L, Zul D, Nelvia N. 2018. The effect of combination of indigenous phosphate solubilizing bacteria of Riau, Indonesia on the available phosphorus and phosphorus uptake of soybean. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 146-150. Despite the abundant amount of phosphorus (P) in the soil, P uptake by the plants is very limited. In acidic soil, phosphorus (P) is bound to aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe), whereas in the alkaline soil, phosphorus (P) is bound to calcium (Ca). The improvement of efficiency and availability of P to plants can be made by utilizing a group of solubilizing phosphate microorganisms. Potency test to investigate the P solubility by Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) has been conducted by isolating the bacteria from peat soil at Biosphere Reserves of Giam Siak Kecil Bukit Batu, Riau, Indonesia. The semi-quantitative test revealed that the PSB were able to dissolve Ca3 (PO4)2, FePo4 and phosphate rock. However, the adaptation ability and potency of PSB from indigenous Riau peat soil inoculated into soybean (Glycine max L. Merr) plants in the mineral soil have not yet been investigated. The present study was carried out from March to June 2015 on the alluvial soil in Babussalam Village, Rambah Sub-district, Rokan Hulu District, Riau. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of PSB inoculation on bacterial population and phosphatase activity. The study also aimed to determine the available P and P uptake and their impact on soybean growth and production. The study employed a factorial experiment laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) consisted of two factors, i.e., soil treatment and PSB. The first factor comprised of two levels, i.e., T0: non-sterilized soil, T1: sterilized soil. The second factor consisted of 4 levels, i.e., B0: without PSB inoculation, B1: inoculation using 2 isolates of PSB (BB_UB6 and BB_K9), B2: inoculation using 3 isolates of PSB (BB_UB6, BB_K9 and BB_K2), and B3: inoculation using 4 isolates of PSB (BB_UB6, BB_K9, BB_K2, and BB_HS13). The results showed that inoculation of starter 3 had the highest phosphatase activity rate of 12.43 μg p NP g-1 hour-1. The highest available P was produced by starter 2, while the P uptake on non-sterilized soil was higher than that on the sterilized soil at 2.63 mg plant-1. PSB inoculation and soil sterilization did not significantly affect the population of phosphate solubilizing bacteria.

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