Mangroves as maternity roosts for a colony of the rare east-coast free-tailed bat (Mormopterus norfolkensis) in south-eastern Australia

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna McConville ◽  
Bradley S. Law ◽  
Michael J. Mahony
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Landscape Characteristics ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Lactating Females ◽  
Roost Trees ◽  
Grey Mangrove

Context Maternity roosts of insectivorous bats (where females raise young) are critical to the conservation of threatened species as roost quality can influence reproductive success. Additionally, threatened species may have specialised requirements or unusual behaviour, which may be overlooked without targeted investigation. Aims To explore which factors influence the roost selection of Mormopterus norfolkensis, by comparing day roosts, identified via radio-tracking, with environmental variables collected at tree, patch and landscape scales. Methods We collected a range of variables describing maternity roosts and surrounding patches, including internal measurements of hollows and microclimate. Additionally, we derived landscape-scale variables using a geographic information system. We then explored which variables best explained roost occurrence using logistic regression. Key results Nineteen lactating females and two male M. norfolkensis were tracked to 40 roost trees, mostly grey mangrove, Avicennia marina subsp. australasica. Lactating females were found to be faithful to two patches of mangrove forest close to where they were captured, regularly switched roosts and roosted in hollows singularly or in small groups. The attributes of mangrove patches, especially a high proportion of hollows, better predicted roosting by lactating females than roost-tree or landscape characteristics. Additionally, although the microclimate of roost hollows was not significantly different from ambient mangrove conditions, the mangrove forest was slightly more stable and had higher humidity than did other nearby habitats. Conclusions Contrary to predictions, maternity roosting group sizes were relatively small, indicating that bats were not deriving thermoregulatory benefits from communal living. However, we suggest that lactating females may benefit from the operation of a fission–fusion society among the colony as a whole. Additionally, the mature mangrove forest could offer unique roosting opportunities for bats because they support high densities of hollow-bearing trees, a stable microclimate and potentially low abundances of predators and competitors. Implications This is one of few international bat–mangrove studies and it illustrates that threatened species can behave unexpectedly and may be overlooked in conservation strategies that are based largely on anecdotal observations. We encourage further research into the value of mangrove forests to terrestrial fauna globally.

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS MANGROVE DI DESA MENDALOK KECAMATAN SUNGAI KUNYIT KABUPATEN MEMPAWAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syahrul Muharamsyah ◽  
M Sofwan Anwari ◽  
Hafiz Ardian
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
Sonneratia Caseolaris ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Bruguiera Cylindrica

Mangrove forests are unique ecosystems that have ecological, biological and socio-economic functions. The function of mangrove forests on the environment is very important especially in the coastal and oceanic regions. Mangrove forests providers of wood, leaves as raw material for medicines, and natural dye. This study aims to inventory the diversity of species of mangrove vegetation in Mendalok Village, Sungai Kunyit Subdistrict, Mempawah Regency. The benefits of this study are to provide the data on mangrove forest vegetation as basic data for local government and related agencies in efforts to protect and preserve mangrove forests in Mendalok Village, Sungai Kunyit Subdistrict, Mempawah Regency. Inventory the tree in mangrove forest used a line with measured 200 meters. There are 6 lines and the distance between the lines as far as 100 meters. The lines of observation are placed by purposive sampling. The results of research found 11 types of species and consisted of 6 genera. The genera are Avicennia, Bruguiera, Ceriops, Rhizophora, Soneratia and Xylocarpus. The species found were Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina, Bruguiera cylindrica, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera parviflora, Ceriops decandra, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, Sonneratia caseolaris, Xylocarpus mollucensis. Diversity of mangrove species in Mendalok Village, Sungai Kunyit Subdistrict, Mempawah Regency was high and should be maintained for conservation and ecotourism area. Keywords : conservation, ecotourism, mangrove, Mendalok Village

Seed predation in a tropical mangrove forest: a test of the dominance-predation model in northern Australia

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith A. McGuinness
Keyword(s):  
Forest Structure ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
Ceriops Tagal ◽  
Preferred Species ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACTStudies of predation on propagules of the mangroves Avicennia marina, Bruguiera exaristata, Ceriops tagal and Rhizophora stylosa were made in a forest in northern Australia to test the generality of the dominance-predation model. This model states that an inverse relationship exists between the dominance of a species in the canopy of mangrove forests and the rate of predation on the propagules of that species. Significant differences in predation were found among the four species, and among patches of forest dominated by the different species. Predators attacked more than 50% of the propagules of all species except R. stylosa, so are likely to significantly affect forest structure. The intensity of predation did not, however, vary as the dominance-predation model predicted. Instead, predation on the propagules of a species appeared to depend on the availability of propagules of other, more highly preferred, species.

Floral Biology and Reproductive Phenology of Avicennia marina in South-Eastern Australia

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 283 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Clarke ◽  
PJ Myerscough
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
Reproductive Phenology ◽  
Pollinator Behaviour ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Propagule Supply ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Grey Mangrove

Flowering, pollination and reproductive phenology of the tree, Avicennia marina (Grey mangrove), were examined on the south-east coast of Australia in New South Wales. Individual flowers are protandrous and open for 2-5 days, while a flower cluster has open flowers for 2-4 weeks. About 16000 pollen grains and four ovules are produced per flower. Self-pollination of an individual flower is unlikely because of protandry, but the sequence and synchrony of flowering, together with pollinator behaviour, favour geitonogamy. Some fruit is set when cross-pollination is restricted by bagging flowers, which indicates partial self-compatibility. Subsequently, fruit abortion is higher in the bagged treatment than in those open-pollinated; this may reflect some pre-dispersal inbreeding depression. Between 4 and 41% of open-pollinated flower buds set fruit, most of which had one or rarely two seeds. Phenologically, each reproductive stage is unimodal and the whole process from bud initiation to abscission of mature fruit is completed within a year. Initiation of floral buds, flowering, growth and abscission of fruits are almost synchronous among fecund trees at a particular latitude each year. Latitudinal differences occur consistently among populations that are separated by less than 2° of latitude; those at lower latitudes flower earlier. Flowering of individual trees varies greatly between years and many trees fail to reproduce each year, although the populations remain fecund from year to year. A flexible breeding system and regular population fecundity ensure annual propagule supply in the populations studied.

scholarly journals PLANTING OF RHIZOPORA TYPES IN MANGROVE FORESTS PERCUT SEI TUAN NORTH SUMATERA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Ridahati Rambey ◽  
Delvian ◽  
Deni Elfiati
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Vegetation Community ◽  
Local Species ◽  
Illegal Activities ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Beach Vegetation

Mangrove forest is a tropical beach vegetation community dominated by several tree species that can grow and develop in tidal and muddy beaches. Some mangrove areas recently have been damaged due to illegal activities carried out by various parties, one of which is the East Coast of Sumatra in the Sub District Percut Sei Tuan, Deli Serdang District, Province of North Sumatra. The purpose of the activities is to focus on replanting mangrove lands that have been damaged by local species. The growned in Tanjung Rejo Village Percut Sei Tuan buds are like Rhizopora stylosa, Rhizopora apiculata and Avicennia marina type. Percentage of growing plants were R. stylosa (92.37%), R. apiculata (90%), mixed propagules of R. stylosa and R. apiculata (90%) and A. marina (56%) respectively. Overall the rehabilitation of mangrove forest is categorized as successful, but only one species of the smallest growing with percentage is A. marina (56%) this is because the location of  planting is adjacent to the sea where the plants can not stand the tidal currents.

Population Structure, Spatial Pattern and Seedling Establishment of the Grey Mangrove, Avicennia marina var. australasica, in New Zealand

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 707 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Osunkoya ◽  
Robert G. Creese
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Seedling Density ◽  
Seaward Edge ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Grey Mangrove ◽  
Adult Plants

Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. var. australasica (Walp.) Moldenke occurs as monospecific stands in the North Island of New Zealand. Using 5 m wide strip transects, A. marina adult plants and seedlings were mapped out in eight distinctive mangrove forests. All forests showed reversed ‘J’ size distributions of adult plants. In most cases, seedling density increased with increasing distance from the seaward edge of the mangrove forests. Mean plant size and density with respect to tidal position showed no consistent pattern across forests. Plant size seemed correlated with latitudinal gradient, with taller trees in relatively warmer regions and shorter, stunted, dwarf-like types in colder areas. The survival and growth of (a) naturally occurring seedlings in and out of tree-fall gaps and at various distances from the seaward edge of the forest, and (b) transplanted seedlings of different sizes (small, medium and large propagules: ≤ 10 cm, 10–20 cm and 21–40 cm tall, respectively) and densities (2, 5 and 9 seedlings m-2) in three delineated (low, mid and high) intertidal positions were monitored over 18-month periods. Establishment of both natural and transplanted seedlings varied significantly between locations, canopy light conditions, intertidal levels and seedling sizes, but not with density. Generally, seedling survival and growth were better in gaps than under closed canopy, irrespective of tidal position. Intertidal level significantly affected survival of transplanted seedlings, but did so only marginally for the natural ones, with survival being greatest in the high intertidal zone. By contrast, increases in plant height and leaf production were best promoted in the low intertidal position of the forest floor. Survival of the transplanted seedlings was of the order: large > small ≥ medium-sized. However, the small seedlings grew best both in terms of height and accumulation of new leaves. These patterns of survival and growth were consistent across intertidal position and seedling density. The implication of these results for the conservation and possible restoration of mangrove forests, especially in New Zealand, are discussed.

Differences in morphology and reproduction of the barnacles Elminius covertus and Hexaminius spp. from mangrove forests in the Sydney region of New South Wales

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 715 ◽  
Author(s):  
PM Ross
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Reproductive Output ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Juvenile Stages ◽  
Grey Mangrove

E. covertus is found on bark and leaves of the grey mangrove Avicennia marina, H. foliorum is found on leaves and H. popeiana is found on bark. 7655 barnacles were collected from two sites at Woolooware Bay from winter 1987 to summer 1989. Reproductive and external features in E. covertus differed depending on the substratum on which it lived; reproductive output was greater on leaves than on bark. The genus Hexaminius has been classified elsewhere as two species on the basis of external features and reproductive differences of adults, larval development and larval setation; however, the adults were living on different substrata. A detailed study of larval and juvenile stages of Hexaminius in the field showed no differences in external features until juveniles were one month old and no differences in the time taken to rear cyprid larvae. This suggests that Hexaminius should not continue to be divided into two species.

scholarly journals Impacts of urbanization on mangrove forests and brachyuran crabs in Penang, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johann Stiepani ◽  
Lucy Gwen Gillis ◽  
Su Yin Chee ◽  
Martin Pfeiffer ◽  
Inga Nordhaus
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Crab Species ◽  
The West ◽  
Mangrove Tree ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Rural Sites ◽  
Species Importance

AbstractUrban development is driving the loss and subsequent fragmentation of mangrove forests in Penang, Malaysia. However, little research has focused on the implications of urbanization onto the biodiversity within mangrove forests. This study investigates and compares both vegetation and crab assemblages between urban and rural mangrove forests. Collectively, 5853 trees were recorded including 15 species from six families: Acanthaceae, Arecaceae, Lythraceae, Malvaceae, Meliaceae, and Rhizophoraceae. Avicennia marina accounted for 88.6% of all trees in the study and held the highest species importance (IV). Although the total number of mangrove tree species varied significantly between urban (14) and rural (7) mangrove forests, the mangrove forest structure based on IV did not vary significantly. In total, 633 crabs were recorded comprising 13 different species from three superfamilies: Grapsoidea, Ocypodoidea, and Paguroidea. Crab species richness did not vary between urban and rural sites, but the biomasses of five and the densities of four crab species varied significantly. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that land use, salinity, and abundance of Avicennia officinalis can best describe the distribution of crab species (r2 =32.7). This study indicates that smaller fragmented urban mangroves at the east coast of Penang have a relatively high tree and crab diversity and are worth protecting, in addition to the larger mangrove forests on the west coast. The preservation of small yet interconnected mangrove sites could be critical to the recruitment of their flora and fauna and should be considered in decision-making processes.

scholarly journals ECOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT OF MUNJANG MANGROVE FOREST AND CONSERVATION EFFORTS BASED ON COMMUNITY APPROACH

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-116
Author(s):  
Henri Henri ◽  
Seta Ardiawati
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Community Approach ◽  
Good Potential

Ecotourism development in a mangrove forest area includes many positive and negative aspects and requires a sustainablecomprehensive study. Ecotourism potential must be assessed to provide understanding of local people in managing natural resources. This study aims at identifying the potential for the development of ecotourism and determining the efforts of conservation strategies for supporting mangrove forests. Data collection was done by questionnaires and interviews using  1-5 Likert scale measurement and SWOT analysis to determine ecotourism development strategies. The results of the study indicates that Munjang mangrove forest has a very good potential to be developed as an ecotourism area. It is supported by the efforts of conservation as the main key in realizing the development of sustainable ecotourism. The role of the community and stakeholders has been well established such as mangrove seeding and nursery activities. Finally, this study recognizes that the capacity of sustainability indicators is very important to map the transformation and constant challenges of supporting mangrove ecotourism, so that it can provide conservation benefits, provide quality services for visitors and improve local communities welfare.

scholarly journals Diversity of mangrove vegetation and carbon sink estimation of Segara Anakan Mangrove Forest, Cilacap, Central Java, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 246-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANI WIDYASTUTI ◽  
EDY YANI ◽  
ERY KOLYA NASUTION ◽  
ROCHMATINO ROCHMATINO
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Carbon Sinks ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Mangrove Vegetation ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon

Setyawan. 2018. Diversity of mangrove vegetation and carbon sink estimation of Segara Anakan Mangrove Forest, Cilacap, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 246-252. Mangrove forests are known as standing stores of sequestered atmospheric carbon. The role of mangrove forests in the sequestering substantial amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and storing the carbon in its biomass has been recently underscored. This research aimed to estimate vegetation diversity and carbon sink potential of Segara Anakan Mangrove Forest Cilacap, Central Java from August-December 2012. Vegetations sampling was done by square plots technique. Diversity index was utilized to determine species diversity. Allometric equations were used to estimate biomass and carbon sinks. This study only calculates aboveground biomass and carbon sinks. The research results showed that mangrove in Segara Anakan was composed of 24 species with 19 families, consisting of 16 species of trees, 14 species of saplings and 16 species of herbs. The most dominant tree was Avicennia marina with importance value of 43.62% in Kembang Kuning, 60.27% in Ujung Alang and 25.6% in Klaces. The most dominant of sapling was Avicennia marina, with an important value of 31.1%. The total biomass of a tree is about 43.06 kg/tree or 0.13 ton/ha. Total biomass of sapling was 27.38 kg/tree or 0.32 ton/ha. The carbon sink of the tree was 49.10 ton/ha and carbon sink of sapling was 79.39 ton/ha. It can be concluded that Segara Anakan Mangrove forest is very important as a carbon sink in South part of Central Java, Indonesia.

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