Field Observations on Group Compositions in the Agile Wallaby, Macropus agilis (Gould) (Marsupialia : Macropodidae)

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 327 ◽  
Author(s):  
PM Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Feeding Groups ◽  
Group Compositions ◽  
The Relationship

Group compositions of agile wallabies were recorded during field studies in north Queensland. Single individuals were the most commonly observed 'group', which suggests an essentially solitary nature. Groups of more than four were feeding groups, seen mainly when food was in short supply. The relationship between a female and its young was of short duration, and the sexual association between male and female was transient.

scholarly journals Effects of Group Behavior in The Predatory Raid on Damselfish Nests By The False Cleanerfish Aspidontus Taeniatus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime Sato ◽  
Yoichi Sakai ◽  
Tetsuo Kuwamura
Keyword(s):  
Dilution Effect ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Group Behavior ◽  
Foraging Efficiency ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Labroides Dimidiatus ◽  
Feeding Groups ◽  
Cooperative Foraging ◽  
Egg Guarding ◽  
Fish Fins

Abstract The benefits of group behavior have been reported in a variety of animals. The false cleanerfish Aspidontus taeniatus, which resembles the bluestreak cleaner wrasse Labroides dimidiatus, is the best-known example of mimicry in vertebrates. This mimicry system has been viewed as an aggressive mimicry to bite fish fins. However, recent field studies have reported that large individuals of the false cleanerfish form groups and jointly raid fish nests to eat eggs that are guarded by their parents. Since the cleaner wrasse does not form such groups or specialize in egg-eating, the feeding groups of the false cleanerfish is assumed to reduce the effectiveness of mimicry. Here, we conducted field observations to clarify the functions of group behavior in egg-eating in the false cleanerfish. The false cleanerfish formed groups of 2–12 individuals when they raided breeding nests of 13 damselfish (Pomacentridae) and one triggerfish (Balistidae). The results showed that the group behavior has two effects: a dilution effect, which reduces the risk of being attacked by egg-guarding fish, and an increase in foraging efficiency. We conclude that the false cleanerfish need to form cooperative foraging groups during egg-eating because the egg-guarding parents could see through the mimicry.

FEATURES OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ELECTRICAL AND RADAR PARAMETERS OF THUNDERCLOUDS IN INDIA (FIELD STUDIES)

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
A. A. Sin’kevich ◽  
◽  
M. L. Toropova ◽  
Yu. P. Mikhailovskii ◽  
V. B. Popov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Radar Reflectivity ◽  
Electric Discharges ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Lightning Detection ◽  
Cloud Development ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The analysis of field observations of thunderclouds in India is provided. The characteristics of the cloud collection obtained from the radar and lightning detection network in the area of the city of Aurangabad (the Maharashtra province, India) are considered. The maximum radar reflectivity of thunderstorm cells, the volume of the supercooled part above the 0C isotherm, the intensity and flow of precipitation, and the frequency of electric discharges are obtained. It is shown that the frequency of electric discharges is associated with some radar parameters of thunderclouds, and this relationship depends on the stage of cloud development. Comparative field data for other regions are given.

Relationship between Faithfulness and Preference of Stars in a Planetarium

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10402-1-10402-11
Author(s):  
Midori Tanaka ◽  
Takahiko Horiuchi ◽  
Ken’ichi Otani
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Preference Rating ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
Low Luminance ◽  
Projection Pattern ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Star Field

Abstract A planetarium imitates a starry sky with physical and technical limitations using a dome, projector, and light source. It is widely used for entertainment, and astronomy and physics educations. In our previous study, we investigated the evaluation for faithful reproduction of a star field in a planetarium by performing psychometric experiments with 20 observers for plural projection patterns with different reproduction factors (color, luminance, and size of projected stars). In this study, we investigate the relationship between faithfulness and preference of a star field in a planetarium through a psychometric experiment with 47 observers. The experimental procedure followed the previous study. The rating of faithfulness improved for the projection pattern with a smaller star size. For the preference evaluation, the projection pattern with low luminance significantly lowered the preference rating. The results of the experiment indicate that the preferable star reproduction was different between male and female observers, whereas the faithful star reproduction was not significantly different in the evaluations between male and female observers. The male observers sought a faithful star reproduction as the preferred reproduction. In contrast, the female observers did not feel the faithful star reproduction preferable, and evaluated the more brilliant star reproduction as the preferred reproduction. These results were not dependent on the experience in astronomical observations.

scholarly journals Governance Effectiveness: The Interaction of Ethno-Racial Diversity and Social Capital

2021 ◽  
pp. 089976402097769
Author(s):  
Christopher Fredette ◽  
Ruth Sessler Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Racial Diversity ◽  
Complex Activity ◽  
Board Diversity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Governance Effectiveness ◽  
Group Compositions ◽  
The Relationship

This research examines the relationship among Board Diversity, Social Capital, and Governance Effectiveness by asking, “does board ethno-racial diversity moderate the relationship between Social Capital and Governance Effectiveness, and if so, how?” Exploring the direct and interacting effects of demographic diversity and Social Capital, and their relation to governing-group effectiveness using a two-sample field survey design, we illustrate whether heterogeneous or homogeneous group compositions amplify or attenuate Governance Effectiveness, and to what degree. Primary analyses find no support for Board Diversity moderating the Social Capital-Governance Effectiveness relationship, with secondary analysis revealing a more complex interaction for Governance Effectiveness, albeit inconsistently, across samples. Our investigation points to the value of social resources in understanding governance as an inherently socially complex activity or capability, predicated on truce or mutual agreement and shaped by the composition and connections of boards.

scholarly journals Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use among Norwegian Cancer Survivors: Gender-Specific Prevalence and Associations for Use

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnete E. Kristoffersen ◽  
Arne J. Norheim ◽  
Vinjar M. Fønnebø
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Survivors ◽  
Cam Use ◽  
University Degree ◽  
The Relationship

The associations for CAM use are only occasionally differentiated by gender in populations where both male and female cancer survivors occur. The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of CAM use in individuals with a previous cancer diagnosis and to investigate gender differences regard to factors associated with use. A total of 12982 men and women filled in a questionnaire with questions about life style and health issues. Eight hundred of those had a previous cancer diagnosis of whom 630 answered three questions concerning CAM use in the last 12 months. A total of 33.8% of all cancer survivors reported CAM use, 39.4% of the women and 27.9% of the men (). The relationship between the demographic variables and being a CAM user differed significantly between men and women with regard to age (), education (), and income (). Female CAM users were more likely to have a university degree than the nonusers, while male CAM users were more likely to have a lower income than the nonusers. According to this study, prevalence and factors associated with CAM use differ significantly between male and female survivors of cancer.

scholarly journals Relationship between Psychological Empowerment and Spiritual Intelligence with Marital Satisfaction in Female and Male Teachers in Ahvaz

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Kordzangeneh ◽  
Hamdollah Jayervand
Keyword(s):  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Psychological Empowerment ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Spiritual Intelligence ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Coefficient Method

<p>The present study was aimed to examine the relationship between psychological empowerment and spiritual intelligence with marital satisfaction in male and female teachers in Ahvaz from 2014 to 2015. Hence, 350 teachers were selected using random-stratified sampling method. Research tools were Spriters' psychological empowerment questionnaire (1995), Badie's et al. spiritual intelligence questionnaire (2010), Enrich's marital satisfaction questionnaire (1997); in order to do analysis, a Pearson Correlation Coefficient method and a regression method was used. Results showed that there is a relationship between psychological empowerment and spiritual intelligence with marital satisfaction in male and female teachers in Ahvaz. The results obtained from multi-fold regression analysis, using step-by-step method, showed that effectiveness, spiritual intelligence, and significance are able to predict marital satisfaction significantly. In addition, psychological empowerment has a closer relationship with spiritual intelligence, and spiritual intelligence has a closer relationship with marital satisfaction. </p>

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Trauma, Recidivism Risk, and Reoffending in Male and Female Juvenile Offenders

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina A. Vitopoulos ◽  
Michele Peterson-Badali ◽  
Shelley Brown ◽  
Tracey A. Skilling
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Female Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Trauma Recidivism ◽  
The Relationship
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