scholarly journals CRYPTOCHROME mediates behavioral executive choice in response to UV light

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 776-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa S. Baik ◽  
Keri J. Fogle ◽  
Logan Roberts ◽  
Alexis M. Galschiodt ◽  
Joshua A. Chevez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Ultraviolet A ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Behavioral Avoidance ◽  
Biochemical Assays ◽  
Electrophysiological Responses ◽  
Acute Responses ◽  
Central Brain

Drosophila melanogaster CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) mediates behavioral and electrophysiological responses to blue light coded by circadian and arousal neurons. However, spectroscopic and biochemical assays of heterologously expressed CRY suggest that CRY may mediate functional responses to UV-A (ultraviolet A) light as well. To determine the relative contributions of distinct phototransduction systems, we tested mutants lacking CRY and mutants with disrupted opsin-based phototransduction for behavioral and electrophysiological responses to UV light. CRY and opsin-based external photoreceptor systems cooperate for UV light-evoked acute responses. CRY mediates behavioral avoidance responses related to executive choice, consistent with its expression in central brain neurons.

scholarly journals Effect of Pre-Harvest Supplemental UV-A/Blue and Red/Blue LED Lighting on Lettuce Growth and Nutritional Quality

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Triston Hooks ◽  
Joseph Masabni ◽  
Ling Sun ◽  
Genhua Niu
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Daily Light Integral ◽  
Lettuce Growth ◽  
Supplemental Lighting

Blue light and ultra-violet (UV) light have been shown to influence plant growth, morphology, and quality. In this study, we investigated the effects of pre-harvest supplemental lighting using UV-A and blue (UV-A/Blue) light and red and blue (RB) light on growth and nutritional quality of lettuce grown hydroponically in two greenhouse experiments. The RB spectrum was applied pre-harvest for two days or nights, while the UV-A/Blue spectrum was applied pre-harvest for two or four days or nights. All pre-harvest supplemental lighting treatments had a same duration of 12 h with a photon flux density (PFD) of 171 μmol m−2 s−1. Results of both experiments showed that pre-harvest supplemental lighting using UV A/Blue or RB light can increase the growth and nutritional quality of lettuce grown hydroponically. The enhancement of lettuce growth and nutritional quality by the pre-harvest supplemental lighting was more effective under low daily light integral (DLI) compared to a high DLI and tended to be more effective when applied during the night, regardless of spectrum.

scholarly journals Dual-Wavelength (UV and Blue) Controlled Photopolymerization Confinement for 3D-Printing: Modeling and Analysis of Measurements

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jui-Teng Lin ◽  
Da-Chuan Cheng ◽  
Kuo-Ti Chen ◽  
Hsia-Wei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Coupling Factor ◽  
Dual Wavelength ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Initiator Concentration ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Inhibition Effect

The kinetics and modeling of dual-wavelength (UV and blue) controlled photopolymerization confinement (PC) are presented and measured data are analyzed by analytic formulas and numerical data. The UV-light initiated inhibition effect is strongly monomer-dependent due to different C=C bond rate constants and conversion efficacies. Without the UV-light, for a given blue-light intensity, higher initiator concentration (C10) and rate constant (k’) lead to higher conversion, as also predicted by analytic formulas, in which the total conversion rate (RT) is an increasing function of C1 and k’R, which is proportional to k’[gB1C1]0.5. However, the coupling factor B1 plays a different role that higher B1 leads to higher conversion only in the transient regime; whereas higher B1 leads to lower steady-state conversion. For a fixed initiator concentration C10, higher inhibitor concentration (C20) leads to lower conversion due to a stronger inhibition effect. However, same conversion reduction was found for the same H-factor defined by H0 = [b1C10 − b2C20]. Conversion of blue-only are much higher than that of UV-only and UV-blue combined, in which high C20 results a strong reduction of blue-only-conversion, such that the UV-light serves as the turn-off (trigger) mechanism for the purpose of spatial confirmation within the overlap area of UV and blue light. For example, UV-light controlled methacrylate conversion of a glycidyl dimethacrylate resin is formulated with a tertiary amine co-initiator, and butyl nitrite. The system is subject to a continuous exposure of a blue light, but an on-off exposure of a UV-light. Finally, we developed a theoretical new finding for the criterion of a good material/candidate governed by a double ratio of light-intensity and concentration, [I20C20]/[I10C10].

scholarly journals 1.8 Å bright-state structure of the reversibly switchable fluorescent protein Dronpa guides the generation of fast switching variants

2007 ◽  
Vol 402 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre C. Stiel ◽  
Simon Trowitzsch ◽  
Gert Weber ◽  
Martin Andresen ◽  
Christian Eggeling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Fluorescent Proteins ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Trans Isomerization ◽  
Fluorescent State ◽  
Green Fluorescent ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Key Events

RSFPs (reversibly switchable fluorescent proteins) may be repeatedly converted between a fluorescent and a non-fluorescent state by irradiation and have attracted widespread interest for many new applications. The RSFP Dronpa may be switched with blue light from a fluorescent state into a non-fluorescent state, and back again with UV light. To obtain insight into the underlying molecular mechanism of this switching, we have determined the crystal structure of the fluorescent equilibrium state of Dronpa. Its bicyclic chromophore is formed spontaneously from the Cys62–Tyr63–Gly64 tripeptide. In the fluorescent state, it adopts a slightly non-coplanar cis conformation within the interior of a typical GFP (green fluorescent protein) β-can fold. Dronpa shares some structural features with asFP595, another RSFP whose chromophore has previously been demonstrated to undergo a cis–trans isomerization upon photoswitching. Based on the structural comparison with asFP595, we have generated new Dronpa variants with an up to more than 1000-fold accelerated switching behaviour. The mutations which were introduced at position Val157 or Met159 apparently reduce the steric hindrance for a cis–trans isomerization of the chromophore, thus lowering the energy barrier for the blue light-driven on-to-off transition. The findings reported in the present study support the view that a cis–trans isomerization is one of the key events common to the switching mechanism in RSFPs.

A Putative Blue-Light Receptor From Drosophila melanogaster

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Okano ◽  
Shin-ichiro Kanno ◽  
Masashi Takao ◽  
Andre P. M. Eker ◽  
Kunio Lsono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Blue Light Receptor ◽  
Light Receptor

scholarly journals Changes in Female Drosophila Sleep following Mating Are Mediated by SPSN-SAG Neurons

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 551-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S Garbe ◽  
Abigail S Vigderman ◽  
Emilia Moscato ◽  
Abigail E. Dove ◽  
Christopher G. Vecsey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Mating Status ◽  
Peptide Receptor ◽  
Dietary Preference ◽  
Sex Peptide ◽  
Central Brain ◽  
Sleep Sex ◽  
Sensorimotor Processes

Female Drosophila melanogaster, like many other organisms, exhibit different behavioral repertoires after mating with a male. These postmating responses (PMRs) include increased egg production and laying, increased rejection behavior (avoiding further male advances), decreased longevity, altered gustation and decreased sleep. Sex Peptide (SP), a protein transferred from the male during copulation, is largely responsible for many of these behavioral responses, and acts through a specific circuit to induce rejection behavior and alter dietary preference. However, less is known about the mechanisms and neurons that influence sleep in mated females. In this study, we investigated postmating changes in female sleep across strains and ages and on different media, and report that these changes are robust and relatively consistent under a variety of conditions. We find that female sleep is reduced by male-derived SP acting through the canonical sex peptide receptor (SPR) within the same neurons responsible for altering other PMRs. This circuit includes the SPSN-SAG neurons, whose silencing by DREADD induces postmating behaviors including sleep. Our data are consistent with the idea that mating status is communicated to the central brain through a common circuit that diverges in higher brain centers to modify a collection of postmating sensorimotor processes.

scholarly journals N,N′-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N′-dyphenylbenzidine Based Distributed Feedback Lasers with Holographically Fabricated Polymeric Resonators

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3843
Author(s):  
Víctor Bonal ◽  
José A. Quintana ◽  
José M. Villalvilla ◽  
Pedro G. Boj ◽  
Rafael Muñoz-Mármol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Distributed Feedback ◽  
Photo Oxidation ◽  
Deep Blue ◽  
Device Architecture ◽  
Hole Transporting ◽  
Pulsed Uv Light ◽  
Dichromated Gelatin ◽  
Index Contrast

The molecule N,N′-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N′-dyphenylbenzidine (TPD) has been widely used in optoelectronic applications, mainly for its hole-transporting properties, but also for its capability to emit blue light and amplified spontaneous emission, which is important for the development of organic lasers. Here, we report deep-blue-emitting distributed feedback (DFB) lasers based on TPD dispersed in polystyrene (PS), as active media, and dichromated gelatin layers with holographically engraved relief gratings, as laser resonators. The effect of the device architecture (with the resonator located below or on top of the active layer) is investigated with a dye (TPD) that can be doped into PS at higher rates (up to 60 wt%), than with previously used dyes (<5 wt%). This has enabled changing the index contrast between film and resonator, which has an important effect on the laser performance. With regards to thresholds, both architectures behave similarly for TPD concentrations above 20 wt%, while for lower concentrations, top-layer resonator devices show lower values (around half). Remarkably, the operational durability of top-layer resonator devices is larger (in a factor of around 2), independently of the TPD concentration. This is a consequence of the protection offered by the resonator against dye photo-oxidation when the device is illuminated with pulsed UV light.

Modulation of reproductive output in Drosophila by spectral properties of ambient light

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 537-542
Author(s):  
Bruce Buhr ◽  
Wayne Wiens ◽  
Marvin Dirks ◽  
Hugh Riordan
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Spectral Properties ◽  
Reproductive Output ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fluence Rate ◽  
Ambient Light ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Reproductive Response ◽  
Genetically Determined

The net reproductive output was determined for two strains of Drosophila melanogaster, wild-type (+) and white-eyed (w), under conditions of varied wavelength and intensity of illumination. The reproductive output of wild-type flies raised under blue light (max. 470 nm) was significantly lower (p < 0.01) than that of organisms grown under red (max. 630 and 660 nm) or green(max. 530 nm) illumination, or under conditions of total darkness. In contrast, blue light did not depress the reproductive output of white-eyed flies. The differential reproductive response of the two strains, then, appears to be related to genetically determined properties of the eye. Changes in the radiant fluence rate over a 10-fold range were not found to significantly modify reproductive output of wild-type flies, and if flies were illuminated with red, green, or blue light at identical fluence rates, those under blue, again, had a significantly lower (p < 0.01) reproductive output than the other two. The data suggest that the emission spectrum, not the radiant light intensity, significantly affects the number of offspring produced per parent.

Ultraviolet A/blue light-emitting diode therapy for vulvovaginal candidiasis: a case presentation

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1819-1827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Robatto ◽  
Maria Clara Pavie ◽  
Igor Garcia ◽  
Manoela Porto Menezes ◽  
Milena Bastos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Ultraviolet A ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Light Emitting
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